摘要:

We have found that some hybrids produced by fusing AKR thymoma BW 5147 wiih spleen cells from Dx‐hyperimmunized CBA mice produce factors that affect the primary CBA IgM PFC response. By the use of HPLC‐DEAE chromatography, sometimes combined with affinity chromatography. we have purified from hyperimmunc anii‐Dx serum, from ascitesgrowing T hybrids, and from normal CBA serum a family of factors that specifically enhance the anti‐Dx IgM response. They show specificity for either Dx or anti‐Dx, they may contain an Iakdeterminant, and they are genetically restricted in their function. The factors from all three sources are found in ihe same fractions after separation and move in fractions without Ig contamination. The affinity‐purified factor was eluled at an NaCl concentration of 0.15–0.20m. On the basis of these characteristics we believe that we have separalcd a class of T cell‐derived helper factors from serum. The concentration of the factor in serum increases after hyperimmunizaiion with Dx. As a specificity control we show that the same sera contain a natural anti‐SRBC IgM response‐enhancing factor. It co‐separates with the anti‐Dx‐enhancing factor, but they can be distinguished by their preferential bind

ISSN:0300-9475    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3083.1987.tb02213.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The binding in the rat thymus of mouse monoclonal antibodies which recognize determinants present on class II major histocompatibility complex antigens (HIS 19) and all T cells (HIS 17) was studied at several intervals after in vivo injection of a single dose (8 mg)of the monoclonal antibodies (MoAb). The MoAb, injected either intravenously or intraperitoneally. penetrated the thymus initially across the thymic capsule from the extravascular space. The extent to which the MoAb penetrated both cortex and medulla correlated with serum presence of the monoclonal antibody. These results suggest that the thymus cortex and medulla are permeable to MoAb present in the extravascular compartment. if this situation is a general phenomenon, which applies to circulating self non‐major histocompatibility complex antigens under physiological conditions, the current dogma relating to self‐tolerance needs to be revie

ISSN:0300-9475    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3083.1987.tb02214.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In order to gain insight itito the relatively late appearance in ontogeny of responsiveness to T‐cell independent (TI) antigens, the in vitro human B‐cell response to type 4 pneumococcal polysaccharides (PS4, a human TI‐2 antigen) was studied. B cells obtained from adults differentiate into anti‐PS4 antibody forming cells upon culturing with PS4, but neonatal B cells obtained from cord blood fail to respond. The culture system used does, however, allow ihe differentiation of B cells reactive with TD antigens, for example ovalbumin. In order to evaluate the concept that in man the anti‐PS4 response is derived from a particular B‐cell subset we separated adult B cells on the basis of expression of the determinant recognized by the monoclonal antibody FMC7. The anti‐PS4 response is found mainly, bul not exclusively, in the FMC7+subset. The selective unresponsiveness of neonatal B cells to TI‐2 antigens is not, however, due to the absence of FMC7+B cells because, unlike adult blood B cells of which aboul 50% are FMC7+, 100% of neonatal B

ISSN:0300-9475    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3083.1987.tb02215.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The suppressive properties of nonspecific cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) populations, derived from murine fetal calf serum (FCS)‐precultured cells expanded in interleukin 2 (operationally defined as FCS‐CM‐expanded cells), were investigated on CTL responses generated by syngeneic alloreactive lymphoid cells. Our results suggest that the addition of FCS‐CM‐expanded cell populations can inhibit the CTL response by elimination of the bone marrow‐derived macrophage (BM Mø) population used as non‐T accessory cells. Indeed, in the culture conditions used, removal of IL‐2 by the FCS‐CM‐expanded cells as well as a direct inactivating effect on the CTL precursors (CTL‐P) could be excluded as a reason for inhibition. On the other hand, we were able to show that the BM Mø population was very sensitive to the cytolytic activity exhibited by the inhibiting cells in a 3 h51Cr‐release assay and that the suppressor effect observed could be partially circumvented by a second addition of BM Mø on the second day after the

ISSN:0300-9475    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3083.1987.tb02216.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

To determine whether dendritic cells (DC) are a consistent feature of lesions of sarcoidosis. we have used monoclonal antibodies to identify the HLA‐DR‐expressing populations of cells in cryostat sections of 15 lymph node, pulmonary and cutaneous lesions. The commonest HLA‐DR positive cells in granulomas were epithelioid and giant cells, although lymphocytes within granulomas and tissue macrophages around them were also positive. Dendritic eells with Langerhans cells (NA1/34+=OKT6+) and interdigitating cell (RFD1+) phenotype were consistency associated with granulomas only in skin lesions. In lymph nodes, interdigitating cells (NA1/34‐/RFD1 +/HLA‐DR++) were confined to paracortical zones as in normal nodes, although a small area of NA1/34+/RFD1+ cells was found in one of three nodes. In lung lesions NA1/34+/RFDI+ dendritie eells were uneommon or absent, except in one chronic case. We conclude that while sometimes present in extracutaneous sites. DC are not an essential feature of sarcoid lesions, and that cells of the classical macrophage group are the most signifieant HLA‐DR‐expressing population. We suggest that the presence ol DC in lesions of sarcoidosis may indicate an immunologieal response distinct from that causing granulomas to form. The variability of their involvement may have immunoregulatory

ISSN:0300-9475    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3083.1987.tb02217.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The target determinant of a monoclonal antibody (MoAb) toBacieroides fragilislipopolysaccharide (LPS) was characterized by inhibition enzyme immunoassay (EIA), inimunoblotting (IB), immunofluorescence technique (IF) and electron immunocytochemical (EIC) technique. The MoAb has been shown to react positively with 96+ of B.fragilisisolates. LPS preparations from 14 different B.fragilisstrains were tested by EIA and IB. Two LPS preparations did not react in any of the tests. In both preparations the o‐galactose was either lacking or present in low amount compared with the other LPSs. In addition, inhibition experiments with synthetic disaccharides confirmed that the target determinant is composed of β‐l, 6‐iinked galactose disaccharide. EIC showed that the target of the LPS‐MoAb is located on the surface of the outer membrane. These results show that the galactose chain present in LPS isolated from most B.fragilisstrains contains the immunodominant antigenic det

ISSN:0300-9475    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3083.1987.tb02218.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Human monoclonal antibodies specific for the Rh(D) antigen were produced by cell lines generated by the fusion of pooled Epstein‐Barr virus (EBV)‐transformed B‐cell lines secreting Rh(D) antibodies with the murine myeloma cell line NS.l or with the human lymphoblastoid cell line HOA. 1. The selection of hybrids was achieved in RPMI 1640 medium containing HAT and ouabain. Higher fusion efficiency was obtained with the NS.l cell line; however the hybrids with HOA.l exhibited a greater elonal stability. The products of four clones (three human‐human and one human‐mouse) that consistently secreted antibodies for over 11 months were tested for specificity with a panel of red cells of various Rh phenotypes The supernatants of all four clones showed anti‐Rh(D) specificity but failed to react with the red cell Duphenotypes categorized as DV(Dw+) and DVI. Two of the three human‐human clones secreted IgM(λ) and the third lgG(x). The human‐mouse clone produced

ISSN:0300-9475    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3083.1987.tb02219.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

It has been suggested that the neural cell adhesion molecules (N‐CAM) are members of the Ig superfamily. We have exaniained structural homology between the N‐CAM and other superfamily molecules in detail. The Ig‐like domains of N‐CAM have overall sizes similar to ihoseof Ig constant domains or major histocompalibitity complex (MHC) domains. Significant sequence homology was found between the N‐CAM Ig‐like domains and several other Ig superfamily members, such as T4. TH. IgA transport receptor, Ig VH. Ig Cμ4, and others. A comparison of the second domain of T4 (255 amino acids) wiih ihe central domain of N‐CAM (302 amino acids) has demonstrated a significant sequence homology. Furthermore, a cell adhesion protein, cs‐A, of slime mould,Dictyostelium, also seems to be related to N‐CAM. It appears that the Ig superfamily of the immune system originated from more ubiquitous ceil recognition moleeules whieh are eommon in al

ISSN:0300-9475    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3083.1987.tb02220.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

One hundred and twenty IgM‐secreting hybridomas derived from unmanipulated 6‐day‐old BALB/c mice were screened for reactivity with the prototype idiotypic and anti‐idiotypic monoclonal antibodies, defining three well established systems, namely TEPC 15:10/13–15, J558:CD3.2, and MOPC 460:F6(51). Up to 25% of all IgM antibodies reacted with at least one of the six specific ligands, half of the latter being ‘monospecific’, the others reacting with two or more aniibodies. A detailed analysis of the four most multi‐reactive clones showed individually specific patterns of reactivity and revealed reactions of the same IgM molecule in idiotypic systems previously studied independently. Furthermore, when tested for functional interactions with syngeneic helper T cells expressing MOPC 460‐like clonotypes, one of these antibodies was found to inhibit effector helper activity. The results show the existence of ‘natural antibodies’ with idiotypic reactivities related to recurrent clonotypes in the strain. They may be either ‘specific’ or ‘mullireactive’, and might connect idiotypes on T and B cells and on antigenic systems

ISSN:0300-9475    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3083.1987.tb02221.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A high molecular polyanion, Liquoid. was found to inhibit at nontoxic concentrations (12–50μg/ml) the natural killing (NK) and ihe antibody‐dependent cellular cytotoxic (ADCC) activity of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells selectively. Whereas NK of the K 562 target cell was slightly or not at ail affected, the spontaneous lysis of PDe‐B‐1, an EB V‐transformed B‐cell line, was strongly inhibited or even completely abolished. ADCC activity could only be inhibited by Liquoid if the target cells were mycoplasma‐free, while the polyanion had no effect when mycoplasma‐contaminated target cells were used. Liquoid did noi alter the target binding capacity of the NK effector cells and did not activate monocytes or induce other suppressive cells. Alpha interferon, but neither beta nor gamma interferon, was able to neutralize ihe NK reduction. These results suggest that Liquoid inhibits a target cell‐related, selective process in the post‐binding st

ISSN:0300-9475    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3083.1987.tb02222.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY