ISSN:0300-9475    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3083.1990.tb02912.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0300-9475    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3083.1990.tb02913.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Despite the critical role of the Langerhans cells in the induction of contact hypersensitivity reactions, non‐Langerhans antigen‐presenting cells in already sensitized individuals may play a role in the elicitation phase of a contact hypersensitivity reaction, following epicutaneous challenge with antigens, the number of CD1+DR+epidermal Langerhans cells increased in a time‐dependent way and. concomitantly. CD1−OKM5+DR+epidermal non‐Langerhans cells appeared. In parallel with this, the capacity of epidermal cells to present both alloantigens and auto, nominal antigens increased, and 4 days after initiation of the contact hypersensitivity reactions 33–53% of the epidermal antigen‐presenting capacity was due to CD1−non‐Langerhans antigen‐presenting cells. Thus, contact hypersensitivity skin reactions are accompanied by the appearance of non‐Langerhans antigen‐presenting cells capable of presenting both alloantigens an

ISSN:0300-9475    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3083.1990.tb02914.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

To explore the possible interaction of sulphated GAG with AA amyloid peptides, human AA amyloid fibrils were exposed to buffers containing various salts, and the accessibility of free amino groups on the peptides to reductive methylation was examined. Sodium chloride had little effect except at concentrations of 1m, where it reduced the accessibility of AA peptides to labelling. In contrast 70 min Na2SO4led to a significant increase in peptide accessibility to labelling. The results suggest that, at least in part, GAG interact with AA peptides through their sulphate moieties.

ISSN:0300-9475    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3083.1990.tb02915.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Beta‐2 microglobulin (β2m) constitutes the light invariant chain of HLA class I antigen, and is a constituent of mobilizable compartments of neutrophils. Two forms of β2m exist: native β2m and proteolytically modified β2m (Des‐Lys58‐β2m). which shows α mobility in crossed radioimmuno‐electrophoresis. The modification of native β2m can be executed by membrane‐associated activity of mononuclear cells, and Des‐Lys5B‐β2m augments the production of interleukin 2. In this study we present evidence that human neutrophils contain native β2:m in specific granules, secretory vesicles, and plasma membrane, β2m was released in the native form from neutrophils in response to stimulation with chemotactic stimuli and phorbol ester. The results of experiments designed to study the modification of native β2m by neutrophils indicated that neutrophils do not participate in the proteolysis of β2m. However, we demonstrated that native β2m following degranulation may he transformed to Des‐Lys58‐β2m by lymphocytes. We suggest that neutrophil β2m following exocytosis may be transformed to Des‐Lys58‐β2m. acting as an extracellular messenger between granulocytes and

ISSN:0300-9475    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3083.1990.tb02916.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Human CD4+T cells differ in their expression of the leucocyte common antigen. Antibodies detecting certain forms (CD45RA and CD45RO) of this antigen have been used to identify and isolate Subpopulations of the CD4+T cells, These isolated subsets have been shown to have different abilities concerning lymphokine production and provision of help to B cells for Ig production. When these T‐cell subsets were activated in vitro with polyclonal activators, the CD45RA+cells lost this market and gained the expression of CD45RO. This was true for all mitogens used in this report, i.e. accessory cell‐dependent stimulation with SFA and accessory cell‐independent activation with PMA or PHA. A correlation between proliferation and differentiation was observed, but this was probably not causative as stimulation with PMA in the absence of DNA synthesis resulted in the acquistion of CD45RO and loss of the CD45RA antigen. Moreover, cells proliferating vigorously for long periods of lime expressed both markers at significant levels, which suggests that proliferation did not automatically result in complete loss of the CD45RA marker. The phenotypical differentiation was associated with a functional differentiation which induced the stimulated cells’ability to act as helper cells For Ig production and to produce gamma interferon (IFN‐γ). The results obtained in this study support the contention that the CD45RO+cells are precursors of the CD45RO+cells and that die two subsets represent different maturational stages of the sa

ISSN:0300-9475    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3083.1990.tb02917.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Immune complexes (IC) are believed to play a role in the pathogenesis of some autoimmune diseases in which interleukin 1 (IL‐1) and probably other cytokines also take part. This investigation shows that tetanus toxoid human anti‐tetanus toxoid IC induce human monocytes to release IL‐1. The activity was identified as being mainly IL‐1β by molecular size chromatography, isoelectric focusing, and anti‐IL‐1β affinity chromatography. Endotoxins were eliminated by repetitive washing of the IC suspension and by preincubation of IC with polymyxin B. The IL‐1‐inducing effect of IC was destroyed by healing at 80° C. and it was not blocked by the cytoskeleton inhibitor cytochalasin B. IL‐1 inhibitors were not detected

ISSN:0300-9475    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3083.1990.tb02918.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Tuberculin purified protein derivative (PPD) is a very potent T‐cell reactive material in tuberculin‐positive individuals, but the components responsible for this reactivity have not been adequately defined. Three purified mycobacterial proteins (MPB70. the BCG 65‐kDa protein, and BCG antigen 85B) with different degrees of temperature sensitivity were iodine‐labelled and added to BCG culture fluid, and the mixtures were autoclaved at 120° C for 30 min to simulate initial heating procedure used to prepare PPD. SDS PAGE Followed by protein staining and autoradiography showed that the banded pattern of unhealed culture fluid was completely lost after heating, and only the labelled MPB70 preparation retained most of the radioactivity in a fraction with soluble protein of the same size. Most mycobacterial proteins are extensively denatured by these procedures, which explains the previous extensive difficulties in isolating defined constituents from PPD to characterize their behaviour in B‐ and T‐cell reactions. In assays for the carrier effect of NIP‐PPD for induction of anti‐NIP production in BCG‐vaccinated mice, the active fractions were heterogeneous in lectin reactivity as well as in SDS PAGH. It appears most likely that a number ofMycobacterium tuberculosisproteins give rise to core peptides which resist proteolysis and heat denaturation to possess powerful T‐cel

ISSN:0300-9475    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3083.1990.tb02919.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This paper describes studies of genetic markers and immune functions in the first Icelandic family identified with X‐linked agammaglobulinaemia (X‐LA). including three affected brothers. The eldest brother was diagnosed at the age of 9 in 1963. He suffered repeated infections and died at the age of 23. The other two affected brothers, diagnosed at 6 years and 1 year age, are a live and well on immunoglobulin replacement therapy at the ages of 32 and 24, All were typed for HLA. complement, and various other markers. Pedigree analysis suggests an X‐linked segregation of the disease. Their serum IgG is maintained at normal levels on therapy. Several parameters of immune function were studied. The following results were obtained for the X‐LA brothers: B cells are absent in their peripheral blood samples. T‐cell numbers are normal, but monocytes are increased in numbers and activity. No immunoglobulin production could be elicited in vitro with PWM and no cells containing cytoplasmic Ig were detectable among PWM‐stimulated blasts. Nevertheless the proliferative response was particularly vigorous, but the responding cells were shown to be exclusively T cells. No blast transformation could be achieved with EB virus. NK‐cell activity was normal‐high normal. Other cell‐mediated immune functions were normal. In conclusion our data indicate that the differentiation of B cells is blocked in the two surviving X‐LA brothers. They have survived for a longer time and in better health than is generally reported. Early diagnosis and adequate replacement treatment with Ig is clearly crucial. Vigorous non‐specific immune mechanisms may help to compensate for the defect

ISSN:0300-9475    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3083.1990.tb02920.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This report describes the histological and immunohistochemical characterization of joint inflammations and flare‐up reactions in mice induced by cloned MT4+, Lyt‐2−T cells. The T‐cell clone used was specific for the antigen methylated bonne serum albumin (mBSA) and was inoculated locally into a joint together with the antigen. The histological examination was performed in methylmethacrylate sections, and the various cell types were quantified m distinct regions of the knee joint. The infiltrates consisted predominantly or granulocytes admixed with small numbers of histiocytes. Few lymphocytes were present, while plasma cells were not found. Fibrosis was prominent in the later stages of the inflammation.Immunohistochemical analysis of total unfixed, non‐decalcified sections using monoclonal antibodies revealed the presence of T cells which were predominantly of the helper phenotype. sporadic B cells, and a considerable number of la‐positive cells. Macrophages were scattered throughout the infiltrate. The synovial lining was shown to express Ia antigens and to contain cells that stained with macrophage markers Cell clusters were found including helper T (Th) cells, some B cells, and Ia‐positive cells.These results are in line with immunohistological examinations in other arthritis models and resemble the early events in human rheumatoid arthritis. The data indicate that activated helper T cells are required and sufficient to give rise to the inflammatory infiltrates that are characteristic of the inflammations and exacerbations in human rheumat

ISSN:0300-9475    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3083.1990.tb02921.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY