摘要:

SUMMARYThe data reviewed in this paper, suggest that besides their role in presentation of antigenic pcptides to T cells, MHC‐I molecules may play an important role in the fine‐tuning of signal transmission across the cell membrane by their associations with a variety of cell‐surface receptors regulating cell growth and differenti

ISSN:0300-9475    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3083.1994.tb03349.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Autoantibodies specifie for type‐II collagen (CII) occur in mice and rats with collagen‐induced arthritis (CIA). The bindingin vitroandin vivoof mouse monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs) specific for separate epitopes in CII have been investigated. Two‐day‐old mice were injected intraperitoneally (i. p.) with the anti‐CII antibody CIID3 in both unlabelled and biotinylated form. It was found that antibodies binding to the same epilope in CIIin vivocan inhibit others from binding in an epitope‐specific fashion. The bindingin vivoandin vitroof anti‐CII antibodies could be inhibited also by an anti‐idiotypic rat antiserum produced against the D3 antibody. The anti‐idiotypic antiserum inhibited the binding of the antibody D3 and the idiotypically related antibody C2. The cDNA's of anti‐CII antibodies D3, C2, and F4 were sequeneed and found to contain germline encoded V‐genes. apparently without somatic mutations. The variable heavy chain of D3 and C2 both expressed the same VHrearrangement, confirming that they share idiotypes. This report demonstrates that CII‐specific germline‐encoded IgG autoantibodies bind specifically to normal cartilagein viv

ISSN:0300-9475    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3083.1994.tb03350.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The authors demonstrate that resting CD56+/CD3−NK cell adhesion to the endothelial VCAM‐1 is over three‐fold higher than CD56−/CD3+T‐cell adhesion. T‐cell, but not NK‐cell adhesion, to VCAM‐1 is enhanced significantly by stimulation. The expression of VCAM‐I receptor subunits α4 and β1 on both effector cells remains unchanged upon stimulation. A subpopulation of NK cells, as well as of T cells, was found to express β7, whose expression was not altered upon stimulation. The authors conclude that the adhesive properties of the same receptor structures on these distinct cell populations are regulated in a different manner, according to the specific functions of the effector cells

ISSN:0300-9475    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3083.1994.tb03351.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The ligation between Leucocyte‐Function‐Associated Molecule I (LFA‐1) and Intercellular Adhesion Molecules (ICAM) is thought to be an important component in the stimulatory interaction between antigen‐presenting cells (APC) and T cells. Similar to antigenic stimulation, T‐cell stimulation with pokeweed mitogen (PWM) is highly dependent on monocytes as accessory cells. This is partly a consequence of the requirement for mitogen presentation by the monocytes. The study described here addressed the question of whether LFA‐1 ligation by accessory cells influences the activation of T cells with PWM. To avoid multiple costimulatory interactions between T cells and monocytes. experiments were performed with purified T cells, which were stimulated with PWM bound on autologous red blood cells (PWM‐RBC). Binding on the RBC substituted partly for PWM presentation by the monocytes. Anti‐LFA‐1 MoAbs were presented in the immobilized form in order to mimick LFA‐1 ligation by cell‐bound ICAM. Three out of three different MoAbs against the β‐chain of the LFA‐1 molecule (CD18) and two out of three MoAbs against the α‐chain (CD11a) had an enhancing effect on T‐cell proliferation, Proliferation was increased further by simultaneous addition of interleukin (IL)‐1 β and IL‐6. Ligation of the LFA‐1 molecule was found to enhance IL‐2 production and tumour necrosis faclor‐α (TNF‐α) production. The results suggest that interaction of LFA‐1 with ICAM on the monocytes contributes to the accessory signal act

ISSN:0300-9475    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3083.1994.tb03352.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Brown Norway (BN) rats are poor responders to T‐cell mitogens and alloantigens when compared to Lewis (LEW) rats. This is dependent partly upon a defect in IL‐2 production. The TH2‐mediated immune abnormalities observed in BN rats injected with mercuric chloride (HgCl2) are self‐limited and it is probable that this regulation phase involves TH1 ‐like cells. This paper reports on a study of the ability of lymph node cells (LNC) from normal BN and LEW rats and from HgCl2‐injected BN rats to produce IL‐2 and to proliferate when stimulatedin vitroby Con A or alloantigens in mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR), as well as to develop a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response to alloantigens. This study will confirm that LNC from BN rats proliferate less than LNC from LEW rats, that the former produce less IL‐2 than the latter, and that the proliferative response is restored partially after addition of IL‐2. In addition, it is shown (1) that the CTL response is defective in normal BN rats when compared to that of normal LEW rats, and (2) that, after the second week of HgCl2injections, the proliferative responses to Con A and alloantigens are improved as well as IL‐2 production, and a complete restoration of CTL function is observed. These results show that normal BN rats are deficient in the induction of THl‐like cells and that, from the second week of HgCl2injections, these

ISSN:0300-9475    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3083.1994.tb03353.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The expression of Fc receptors for IgG (FcγR) and IgA (FcαR) and of various other antigens on the human monocytic cell line U937 and peripheral blood monocytes, under stimulation with human recombinant tumour necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α) and other cytokines, was investigated by flow cytomelry. TNF‐α, as well as interferon‐γ (IFN‐γ) or interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) had a significant up‐regulating effect on U937 expression of FcγRI/CD64. Furthermore, the action of TNF‐α was augmented by IL‐6, and more evidently by IFN‐γ. IFN‐α alone had only a marginal effect, but was able to increase the TNF‐α‐driven FcγRI expression. In contrast to U937 cells, TNF‐α did not enhance significantly FcγRI expression on human monocytes. Interestingly, on both U937 cells and monocytes. FcαR was augmented markedly by TNF‐α. Furthermore, TNF‐α induced the expression of HLA‐DR and HLA‐DP antigens on monocytes and U937 cells. The expression of FcγRII/CD32, FcγRIII/CD16. CD14, complement receptor type 1 (CR1/CD35). CR4 (CD11c/CD18), and MHC class‐I antigens, was not influenced significantly by TNF‐α. The results of this study show that TNF‐α may act on human mononuclear phagocytes, alone or in combination with other cytokin

ISSN:0300-9475    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3083.1994.tb03354.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The authors have a long standing interest in immune regulations which control the absence of rejection of a semi‐allogeneic fetus by the mother. A previous work described a soluble 40 kDa factor extracted from mouse placenta and capable of inhibiting secondary immune responses in vivo. The present paper reports the following on its mode of actionin vivo: (1) it is active even in a fully allogeneic host; (2) it can be administered i. v. or i. p. along with antigen; and (3) the injections of factor and antigen must not be more than 2 days apart for maximum efficacy. Moreover, the results of the study described here indicate also that this factor is a concanavalin A‐binding giycoprotein, sensitive to heat and pronase, and different from interleukin 10 (IL‐10).Thus, this placental factor appears to be different from previously described immune regulators such as IL‐10 and could contribute significantly to immune regulations at the level of the p

ISSN:0300-9475    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3083.1994.tb03355.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This study explores the usage and diversity of the variable gene elements expressed by human lupus antibodies to DNA bearing the 0–81 idiotype, a marker of pathogenic anti‐DNA autoantibodies. Rather than studying DNA‐specific clonotypes from different patients, a panel of idiotype positive anti‐DNA autoantibody‐secreting clones from a single individual were analysed. By cloning and nucleotide‐sequeneing the heavy‐chain variable gene segments, evidence was found for dominance of clonotypic patterns. Also noted was a high rate of diversification among the variable (VH), diversity (Dh) and junctional (JH) gene segments utilized, with a pattern of mutations indicative of antigenic selection. These features suggest that the clones secreting the lupus pathogenic autoantibodies have been selected over multiple generations through an affinity‐maturation process that is reminiscent of antigen‐driven

ISSN:0300-9475    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3083.1994.tb03356.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The Ro/SSA and La/SSB antigens are common targets for autoantibodies found in the sera of patients with Sjögren's syndrome and SLE. The anti‐Ro/SSA and anti‐La/SSB antibodies often appear together but are not cross‐reactive. This paper describes the humoral autoimmune response to the Ro/SSA 60 kDa protein moiety with respect to the presence of IgM and IgG1‐4 antibodies. IgM antibodies to the Ro 60 kDa protein coexisted with IgG anti‐Ro 60 kDa antibodies in nearly half of the sera. A similar fraction also contained IgM anti‐La/SSB antibodies. The frequency of sera with IgM antibodies of both specificities was that expected from random overlap.A predominating igGl anti‐Ro 60 kDa response was found in all patients, but anti‐Ro 60 kDa antibodies of the other IgG subclasses were present also in a high number of sera. This is in contrast to the reported IgG subclass distribution of anti‐La/SSB antibodies.Mapping of IgM and IgG 1–4 antibody recognition of different parts of the Ro 60 kDa protein was also performed. IgM and IgGl‐4 antibodies of all sera reacted with the central part of the Ro 60 kDa protein, encompassing amino

ISSN:0300-9475    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3083.1994.tb03357.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The cellular composition and Vn‐gene family repertoire were compared in different B‐cell compartments from young adult (8–12 weeks) and old (18–24 months) C57BL/6 and BALB/c mice. Ageing mice were found to have a higher frequency of peripheral mature B cells utilizing genes from a single VH‐gene family. While in each individual old C57BL/6 mice cells expressing the VHJ558 gene family consistently were over‐represented, a marked individual variation was observed in old BALB/c mice with increased frequency of either the VhJ558, Q52 or J606 families. Aged mice were found also to have a reduced number of bone‐marrow pre‐B cells and an augmented number of splenic Ig‐secreting cells. These results suggest that old mice express less diversified antibody repertoires possibly as a consequence of reduced input from precursors and increased peripheral selection, which may be responsible for the progressive establishment of

ISSN:0300-9475    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3083.1994.tb03358.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY