摘要:

Peripheral blood lymphocytes from 16 patients with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis and 27 age‐matched healthy controls have been studied, using several lymphocyte markers: electrophoretic mobility (EM), E‐rosettes, immunofluorescence, and refringency. Eight patients (mean age, 6 years) were selected with a typical EM pattern—that is, a decrease in the mean EM of T cells and increase in B T‐cell ratio. The other group of patients (mean age, 11 years) showed no significant difference when compared with their age‐matched controls, with the exception the positive refringence test. These findings suggest an impairment in the maturation of the immune system in childhood, which in turn may be responsible for the increased susceptibility t

ISSN:0300-9475    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3083.1977.tb00358.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The mechanism of T‐cell tolerance to a thymus‐dependent antigen was examined, using the adjuvant polyadenylic‐polyuridylic acid (poly A:U). In adoptive transfer experiments, thymus cells obtained from donor mice 2 days after treatment with a tolerogenic dose of bovine γ‐globulin (sBGG) did not cooperate with bone marrow (BM) cells in irradiated recipients challenged with aggregated BGG (aBGG). In contrast, thymus cells from donors given sBGG plus poly A:U retained their helper activity, as assayed by hemagglutination and rosette formation of spleen cells. The effect of poly A:U in preventing tolerance induction was also demonstrable in the cortisone‐resistant population, in that thymus cells from cortisone‐treated donors that had received sBGG and poly A:U retained their helper function. The presence of suppressor cells and the effect of poly A:U on their stimulation were also examined. sBGG‐treated thymus cells suppressed the response of BGG‐primed spleen cells in lethally irradiated mice, whereas thymus cells from donors treated with sBGG and poly A:U were not suppressive. These observations show that poly A:U prevents tolerance induction and the development of suppressor act

ISSN:0300-9475    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3083.1977.tb00359.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Conflicting results have been reported concerning the effect of adult thymectomy (A‐Tx) on the mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR) response. Our purpose was to test the reverse question, namely the effect of A‐Tx on the stimulatory capacity of mouse lymphocytes carrying alleic disparities at theMlsand theH‐2loci. Spleen cells from A‐Tx CBA donors were found to be significantly more stimulating than cells from normal donors. That A‐Tx could eliminate suppressor T cells involved in MLR regulation or in preventing back stimulation is not likely according to our data. An increment in expression or in accessibility of Mls or H‐2 antigenic determinats induced by A‐Tx is no more likely, since a similar increase in lymphocyte proliferation was observed in syngeneic cultures. The most probable explanation remains that A‐Tx discloses a strongly stimulatory subpopulation, perhaps acting in part nonspecifically. The hypothesis of an enrichment in B cells versus a loss of T cells is not compatible with our findings, since B‐cell‐enriched fractions from various origins never attained the Stimulating ability disclosed by A‐Tx cells. Moreover, the cell involved is theta‐positive, although slightly nylon‐woot‐adherent, and thus shares several properties with immature T cells involve

ISSN:0300-9475    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3083.1977.tb00360.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Histamine depressed lymphocyte reactivity to phytohemagglutinin and, to a lesser degree, concanavalin A, when administered simultaneously with mitogen to lymphocyte Cultures. Addition of histamine at later times to the cultures appeared to have a slightly enhancing effect on the lymphocyte response. Stimulation of lymphocytes with pokeweed mitogen was in some CMM enhanced, even by high concentrations of Lymphocytes. Lymphocytes from atopic individuals were more sensitive to the inhibitory effect of histamine than Lymphocytes from nonatopic individuals. The sensitivity appeared age‐dependent, but within each age group histamine evoked significantly more suppression on lymphocytes from atopic than from nonatopic individuals. The possibility that the altered reactivity of lymphocytes to histamine, which appears to be associated with atopic allergy, is of pathogenic importance, is discussed, and a hypothesis for the development of atopic disease is propose

ISSN:0300-9475    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3083.1977.tb00361.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A new assay for the detection of circulating C1q‐binding immune complexes (IC) is described. The assay makes use of solid‐phase C1q and iodinated soluble protein A, extracted from the cell wall ofStaphylococcus aureus.In a model system the assay could detect heat‐aggregated IgG down to a concentration of about 50 ng/ml. This method and three other assays, previously described, were used to survey the appearance of IC activity in sera from hospitalized patients with acute myocardial infarction. Depending on the assay system used, from 56% to 66% of the patients investigated were found to develop circulating IC. The earliest appearance of circulating IC was noted 5 days after infarction. The highest incidence of positive reactions and the strongest reactions occurred 2 to 3 weeks after hospitalization; thereafter the IC positiveness tapered off, and all patients were negative 6 weeks after infar

ISSN:0300-9475    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3083.1977.tb00362.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Mouse amniotic fluid (MAF) was shown to be capable of suppressing those antibody responses observed in euthymic or athymic mouse spleen cell cultures to the T‐independent antigens dinitrophenylated Ficoll (DNP‐Ficoll) and trini‐trophenylated lipopolysaccharide (TNP‐LPS) and to the polyclonal B‐cell activators LPS and purified protein derivative of tuberculin (PPD). Titration experiments demonstrated that the suppressive capacity of MAF for either LPS or DNP‐Ficoll responses was maintained up to a MAF dilution of 1:120. Pre‐incubation of spleen cells obtained from athymic mice with MAF for 8 h significantly suppressed polyclonal B‐cell activation of such cells induced by LPS, although suppression was greater when MAF was present during the entire culture period. In addition, the suppressive activity that MAF demonstrated for antibody production induced by DNP‐Ficoll or LPS was not lost as a result of dialysis. MAF also suppressed the secondary in vitro prolixferative responses of lymph node cells sensitized to the T‐dependent antigen human gamma globulin (HGG). HGG‐induced proliferation of such cells appeared to be more susceptible to suppression effected by MAF than concanavalin‐

ISSN:0300-9475    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3083.1977.tb00363.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Cell suspensions containing an average of 78% lymphocytes were obtained from synovial tissues of 26 patients with rheumatoid arthritis and 10 patients with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. These cells were shown to mediate cytotoxicity against51Cr‐labeled chicken erythrocytes sensitized with a rabbit anti‐chicken erythrocyte antiserum. Nylon column filtration of the cells increased the proportion of lymphocytes and usually also the cytotoxicity, which suggested that at least some of the effector cells were lymphocytes. The cytotoxic activity of the cells obtained from rheumatoid synovial tissue was always lower than that obtained with the patients' peripheral blood lymphocytes. No significant change in cytotoxicity of normal peripheral blood lymphocytes was observed after these cells had been treated in the same manner as the rheumatoid synovial tiss

ISSN:0300-9475    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3083.1977.tb00364.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A simple, rapid spot immunoprecipitate assay (SIA) technique is compared with the rocket electroimmunoassay and a latex agglutination method for determination of C‐reactive protein (CRP) to pediatric sera. The SIA reaction condition are special, since the antigen is made passively available in a gel for reaction with an abundance of antibody. In the present study the antigen‐antibody interaction occurs in the presence of alternating electric current. The reaction is visualized by protein staining and quantitated by comparison with simultaneously run standards. Highly significant (P<0.001) Spearman's coefficients of correlation between SIA and rocket results were found along with evidence of discrepancies between the methods which could be related to the heterogeneity in electric charge of the CRP molecules. In this respect some sera with negative (10 mg CRP/1) rocket results had two‐ to ten‐fold higher SIA ratings. In Contrast to the rocket method, SIA could differentiate sera that were negative Hid low positive in agglutination. Some discrepancies between an agglutination technique and SIA estimates were noted in low‐positive sera differing in electromobility from the cathodic traveling CRP standard. Reproducibility of photometrically registered SIA was ±16.2%; visually evaluated it was ±9.7%. As little as 0.5 ng CRP was demonstrable in a human serum pool dilution

ISSN:0300-9475    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3083.1977.tb00365.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A method to quantitate specifically secretory IgA (SIgA) has been developed using the enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. The IgA in the test sample was adsorbed to anti‐α antibodies attached to plastic tubes via a coat of IgA myeloma protein. The reacted SIgA was determined using anti‐secretory component antiserum conjugated with alkaline phosphatase. The technique permitted quantiations of secretory IgA in biological fluids like milk, urine, and Saliva with reproducibility of ±7%, down to 0.03 mg/l. In contrast to earlier techniques, the presence of up to 15794 of serum IgA without secretory component (SC) and free SC did not disturb the measurements of SIgA. Furthermore, variations in pH and osmolarity, within biological ranges in secretions, did not influence the esti

ISSN:0300-9475    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3083.1977.tb00366.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

B and T cells in blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) were calculated by using the surface membrane immunoglobulin marker for B cells and the capacity to bind sheep erythrocytes to form ‘rosettes’ as a marker for T cells. Patients with acute aseptic meningitis due to mumps virus or other etiologic agents and with various chronic neurological diseases were investigated. Significantly higher T‐cell and lower B‐cell values were observed in CSF than in blood in all three groups. No significant differences were found between the three patient groups. An elevation of B cells and a depression of T cells were observed in blood in patients with aseptic meningitis during the course of the

ISSN:0300-9475    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3083.1977.tb00367.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY