摘要:

Antisera specific for 4 different classes of amyloid fibril proteins, amyloid protein AA and the immunoglobulin light‐chain amyloid proteins AλI, AλIV, and AλV, were used to identify these proteins directly in tissue sections from 25 patients with amyloidosis. The specificity of these reactions was established by blocking experiments with purified amyloid fibril proteins and Bence Jones proteins of known variable subgroups. Protein AA was detected in 17 patients, including all 13 with secondary amyloidosis, 2 with primary amyloidosis and 2 with Waldenström's macroglobulinemia. Immunoglobulin light‐chain proteins AλI, AλIV, and AλV were found in 3, 1, and 2 patients, respectively, all of whom had primary or myeloma/macroglobulinemia‐associated amyloidosis. Antiserum specific for the amyloid‐related serum protein SAA reacted with the same tissues as anti‐AA and had the same pattern of staining in

ISSN:0300-9475    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3083.1977.tb00344.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Complement‐dependent cytotoxic antibodies in syngeneic serum from rats carrying transplanted aminoazo dye‐induced hepatomas (D23 and D33) and from rats immunized with irradiated tumor cell or homogenates were studied by a shortterm51Cr release assay. The tumor‐bearer sera (TBS) were subjected to chromatography on unsolubilized protein A and Sepharose 4B. The cytolytic activity of D23 TBS was recovered in the IgM molecular weight region, whereas no such activity was obtained in the IgG fraction. As judged from immunodiffusion experiments, the IgM molecular weight fraction did not contain any aggregated or complexed IgG. Moreover, in immunofluorescence tests against viable hepatoma cells, using a specific anti‐rat IgG conjugate, the TBS were negative. Cross‐testing of D23 and D33 TBS against the two hepatomas and cross‐absorption of the sera with tumor plasma membranes revealed no tumor specificity in these cytotoxicity reactions. Furthermore, neither fetal nor early postnatal liver cells could absorb out the activity. Absorptions with adult liver plasma membranes, however, abrogated the cytotoxic activity, and even more effective in this respect were homogenates from kidney and small intestine, thus indicating that the cytotoxic antibodies are directed against ‘normal’ adult antigen(s) present also in tissues o

ISSN:0300-9475    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3083.1977.tb00345.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A reference system for crossed radioimmunoelectrophoresis (CRIE) has been developed. The system takes into account the variable quality of the125I‐labeled anti‐IgE and permits a direct comparison of the results from one experiment to another. Simultaneously with the preparation of the CRIE slides, a standard series of small paper discs are prepared containing varying, defined amounts of125I‐labeled anti‐IgE. These paper discs are laid out for autoradiography together with the CRIE slides. After short periods of exposure, only paper discs with large amounts of isotope are visible on the X‐ray films. Longer exposure times permit paper discs with smaller amounts of isotope to be visible. Each precipitate is assigned to a CRIE class depending on the number of paper discs visible when the precipitate is detected for the f

ISSN:0300-9475    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3083.1977.tb00346.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The in vivo and in vitro demonstration of specificity of transfer factor (TF) has so far been hampered by lack of a suitable antigen. The host partiality ofLeishmaniasuggested that in the case of leishmania antigen it should be possible to obtain lymphocytes of both donors and recipients of TF which were either sensitized or truly virgin. Lymphoblast transformation of normal donor lymphocytes to leishmania major antigen (LMA) was therefore measured in the presence of TF prepared from donors with a history of cutaneous leishmania infection (LSTFd) and normal donors (NSTFd). A clear augmentation of the lymphoblast transformation equal to that usually seen when lymphocytes from sensitized individuals are exposed to LMA was observed with LSTFd. An insignificant increase in lymphoblast transformation, however, occurred when NSTFd was used together with LMA and when LSTFd Of NSTFd was used alone. The results, although limited by the number of TF preparations, tested, clearly substantiate the in vitro specificity of TF.

ISSN:0300-9475    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3083.1977.tb00347.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Human anti‐rabies immune sera enhanced the in vitro cytotoxicity of human lymphocytes against rabies virus‐infected green‐monkey kidney cells. The immune sera were collected from patients immunized with rabies vaccine produced either in human diploid cells or in nervous tissue. Significant cytotoxicity was observed even with high serum dilutions, indicating that the K‐cell assay might be a sensitive tool for detection of anti‐rabies a

ISSN:0300-9475    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3083.1977.tb00348.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Purified influenza A and B viruses (3000 HA units) were injected intraperitoneally into rats. 1 h later the animals were given starch solution intraperitoneally, after which the number and composition of the exuded cells were determined at intervals. Both influenza A and B viruses depressed neutrophil exudation into the peritoneal cavity for a period of 10 to 17 h after the starch injection. The exudation of leukocytes other than neutrophils (a mixture of mononuclear cells and 5% to 10% eosinophils) was depressed for 17 h after starch injection by influenza A virus. When tested in vitro by a modification of the Boyden method, the peritoneal exudate neutrophils from virus‐treated animals exhibited significantly depressed chemotaxis and consistently, although not always significantly, reduced chemokinesis (migration in the presence of a chemoattractant without a gradient) and random locomotion. Both influenza A and B viruses inhibited in vitro the motility of starch‐induced peritoneal exudate neutrophils in Boyden chambers after a virus‐cell interaction of 60 min at 37°C. The present findings support the concept that impaired neutrophil exudation caused by depressed motility is one mechanism responsible for the increased susceptibility to bacterial superinfection during inf

ISSN:0300-9475    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3083.1977.tb00349.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Cytotoxic T lymphocytes specific for immune alloantigens controlled by alleles of the Ly system have been induced in vivo. These results were obtained either in a secondary type of response or by treating mice before immunization with a single dose of cyclophosphamide (80 mg/kg).

ISSN:0300-9475    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3083.1977.tb00350.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The binding of radioiodinated basic protein of myelin ([125I]BPM) to a sheep lymphocyte cell pellet, sheep erythrocytes, and cell‐free tubes used in the assay was investigated as a possible diagnostic procedure in multiple sclerosis. [125I]BPM apparently bound to 5 × 106sheep lymphocytes incrementally with no plateau, up to 300 ng, and also to sheep erythrocytes: when cells were transferred to fresh tubes, over 90% of the radioactivity remained (in the original tube, regardless of the tube surface. Various substances, including BPM and unrelated basic proteins, competitively inhibited the binding of basic protein of myelin to sheep cells and assay tubes. Binding was inhibited by sera from patients with multiple sclerosis, but equally so by normal sera. The large capacity of BPM to bind nonspecifically could limit its use in the above type of binding assay and would need to be allowed for in conventional radioimmunoassa

ISSN:0300-9475    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3083.1977.tb00351.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In vitro exposure of mouse thymocytes to complexes of polyadenylic:polyuridylic acid (poly A:U) effected, within 6 h, the release of soluble factor(s) capable of nonspecifically enhancing IgM and IgG plaque‐forming cells (PFCs) in in vitro primary and secondary spleen cell responses to burro erythrocytes. Poly A:U stimulation was, most likely, polyclonal, since production of soluble factor(s) occurred in the absence of antigen and in serum‐free culture media. Poly A:U‐induced soluble factor(s) were not capable of substituting for T cells but were dependent on T cells for the expression of PFC enhancement. These data support the hypothesis that the mechanism of poly A:U's adjuvant action is polyclonal stimulation of T cells, causing early induction and release of nonspecific, soluble PFC‐enhancing fa

ISSN:0300-9475    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3083.1977.tb00352.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

B‐ and T‐cell‐enriched preparations of lymphocytes from human blood (5 cases), adenoids (10 cases), and tonsils (4 cases) were examined for the in vitro stimulation response toMycoplasma pneumoniae(MP). B lymphocytes did not respond to MP by DNA synthesis except for the B cells from one adenoid. T lymphocytes and nonfractionated lymphocytes from blood, from three of the adenoids and two of the tonsils showed a stimulation response to MP. Nonfractionated adenoid lymphocytes from altogether 22 children were examined, and a stimulation response to MP was demonstrated in 8 cases. Lymphocyte cultures from 11 adenoids and 2 tonsils were examined for MP‐induced non‐antigen‐specific antibody production by a hemolytic plaque assay. In all these cultures MP activated production of antibody‐secreting cells to sheep erythrocytes. It is concluded that MP can induce non‐antigen‐specific antibody production in human B lymphocytes without stimulating DNA synthesis in these cells. The proliferative response of adenoid, tonsil, and blood lymphocytes to MP is interpreted as an antigen‐speci

ISSN:0300-9475    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3083.1977.tb00353.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY