ISSN:1364-727X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1471-0307.1995.tb02468.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Following over 100 years of development, fat‐filled powders are available with a full range of fat content suitable for a wide selection of applications. Skimmed milk powder is a major ingredient directly or indirectly in these products, and prices will be under continuing pressure to fall more in line with world level

ISSN:1364-727X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1471-0307.1995.tb02469.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:1364-727X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1471-0307.1995.tb02470.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The organoleptic properties of nabulsi cheese, which is widely popular in Jordan, tend to vary from one market sample to the next, and differences in the chemical composition of the cheese milk were suspected. Deliberately altering the casein: fat ratios in Awassi sheep's milk influenced the texture of, and hence consumer reaction to, nabulsi cheeses made from the different milks. However, the use of a starter culture including Lactococcus lactis and L cremoris, rather than the natural microflora of the milk/dairy, produced cheeses that were perceived to be too harsh in flavour. It was concluded that the between‐batch variability observed in the marketplace was likely to be introduced by both the uncontrolled nature of the bacterial populations in the milk and compositional difference

ISSN:1364-727X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1471-0307.1995.tb02471.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Four different types of filters are evaluated for their suitability to help stop the spread of foot and mouth disease virus (FMDV) from the exhaust vent of Scottish milk tankers. All of the filters failed the MAFF sodium flame test criterion of 99.95% efficiency after testing on a milk tanker except for the Foramaflow STC13 and Domnick Hunter ZCHT‐1C. However, only the Foramaflow filter allowed a negligible build‐up of pressure inside the tank. Other advantages and disadvantages of each type of filter are discussed together with how they could be used during an outbreak of F

ISSN:1364-727X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1471-0307.1995.tb02472.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:1364-727X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1471-0307.1995.tb02473.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This article describes aspects of the microbiology of edible table spreads including milk fat spreads such as butter, fat spreads of the margarine type and mixed fat spreads with fat contents ranging from 80–95% to not less than 20% by weight of the product. The water‐in‐oil character of these products makes a major contribution to their microbiological stability especially after they have been exposed to the micro‐organisms commonly encountered in a domestic environment. The microbiological stability of edible table spreads is also influenced by the concentration and physical nature of the continuous lipid phase with product stability increasing with greater proportions of crystallized fat. Edible table spreads containing higher proportions of water are more vulnerable to microbiological deterioration. This can be controlled by ensuring a dispersed aqueous phase in the product which consists of small discrete moisture droplets stabilized against coalescence. This stabilization can be achieved by the use of increased mono‐ and diglyceride concentrations and/or by increasing the viscosity of the dispersed moisture droplets through the use of stabilizers, thickeners and protein. The development of unacceptable levels of microbiological deterioration during domestic use is prevented by the addition of potassium sorbate to the aqueous phase. Additive free edible table spreads with acceptable shelf‐life can be manufactured by controlling the distribution of dispersed moisture droplet size and nutrient

ISSN:1364-727X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1471-0307.1995.tb02474.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:1364-727X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1471-0307.1995.tb02475.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY