ISSN:0425-1644    

DOI:10.1111/j.2042-3306.1989.tb02677.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0425-1644    

DOI:10.1111/j.2042-3306.1989.tb02678.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0425-1644    

DOI:10.1111/j.2042-3306.1989.tb02679.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0425-1644    

DOI:10.1111/j.2042-3306.1989.tb02680.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryInfectious arthritis was induced experimentally in one tarsocrural joint of six horses by intra‐articular injection of 1 ml Staphylococcus‐saline suspension containing 9 times 104to 3 times 106organisms. The corresponding contralateral joint was injected with 1 ml of saline and served as a control. The progression of the induced infectious arthritis was assessed over a nine‐day period by clinical examination and sequential synovial fluid analysis with pH and lactate measurements. Changes in synovial fluid were present before clinical signs of infectious arthritis were manifested. The diagnostic value of different synovial fluid parameters at various stages of infection was determined. Cellular changes initially preceded the biochemical changes. Total leucocyte counts showed a significant increase within 24 h (up to 100 times 109/litre) with great variability in subsequent measurements. Neutrophilia over 90 per cent and pH under 6.9 were the most consistent findings in the infected synovia. Increased total protein was also significant and was progressive throughout the experiment. Serum and synovial glucose difference and synovial lactate had more diagnostic value in the acute stages than in the chronic stages. The control joints elicited an inflammatory response manifested by increased leucocyte count, moderate neutrophilia, slightly increased total protein concentration, and slightly decreased pH, but all reactions were minor in comparison to those in the infected j

ISSN:0425-1644    

DOI:10.1111/j.2042-3306.1989.tb02681.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryInfectious arthritis was induced experimentally in one tarsocrural joint of six horses by intra‐articular injection of 1 mlStaphylococcus aureus‐saline suspension with the addition of 200 mg methylprednisolone acetate. The corresponding contralateral joint was injected with 1 ml of saline with the addition of 200 mg methylprednisolone acetate, and served as a control. The purpose of the experiment was to examine the effect of corticosteroids on the acute clinical signs of infectious arthritis, and the associated changes in synovial fluid, to separate the effects of a steroid injection from those of infection alone. This should aid early diagnosis of infection. The progression of the infectious arthritis was assessed over nine days by clinical examination and sequential synovial fluid analysis. The corticosteroids masked the clinical signs in some horses for up to the third day although changes in the synovial fluid were present earlier. Cellular changes preceded biochemical changes initially. Leucocyte counts showed a significant increase in cell numbers after infection was established. Persistent neutrophilia, over 90 per cent, together with a pH under 6.9 were the most consistent findings in the infected synovia. Total protein values were lower in infected joints with, than those without, corticosteroids; although there was a progressive rise in total protein concentration throughout the experiment in both groups. Serum and synovial glucose difference and synovial lactate had very little diagnostic value because significant increases due to the corticosteroids were documented in the control joi

ISSN:0425-1644    

DOI:10.1111/j.2042-3306.1989.tb02682.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryA randomised double‐blind clinical trial of 28 horses was undertaken to evaluate the efficacy of isoxsuprine hydrochloride at four different doses:‐ 0.0 mg/kg bodyweight (bwt) (placebo), 0.6 mg/kg bwt, 1.2 mg/kg bwt and 1.8 mg/kg bwt for treatment of navicular disease. The results showed that horses treated with isoxsuprine hydrochloride (N=22) responded significantly with respect to clinical assessment score (P<0.01) when compared with the control group (N=6). Furthermore, there were no dose‐related differences in the responses of the horses treated with increasing levels of isoxsuprine. No correlation was found between radiological evidence of the extent of navicular disease and severity of lameness or response to trea

ISSN:0425-1644    

DOI:10.1111/j.2042-3306.1989.tb02683.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryHigh frequency jet ventilation (HFJV) is a recently developed mode of ventilation that delivers small tidal volumes at frequencies greater than 60 cycles per min via an injection catheter to the animal's airway. The construction of a high frequency jet ventilator suitable for use in adult horses is described. The effectiveness of this ventilator in maintaining normal arterial blood ‐ gas tension was evaluated in five healthy adult horses. The horses were anaesthetised with intravenous acetylpromazine, guaifenesin, and thiamylal, positioned in lateral recumbency and baseline measurements were made during spontaneous ventilation. The horses were then paralysed with succinylcholine and ventilated for at least 20 mins with HFJV. Air was delivered from the ventilator to the animal by a polyethylene tube. The tip of this tube remained within and approximately 30 cm from the cuffed end of a standard 30 mm internal diameter large animal orotracheal tube. Frequency of flow interruption was 3 Hz with a constant source pressure of 275 kPa and an inspiratory to expiratory ratio of approximately 1:2.6. Gas delivery to the horse, as estimated with a resonator system was approximately 2 litres/breath. During HFJV, arterial carbon dioxide tension was significantly reduced and arterial oxygen tension significantly increased above measurements made when the horses were spontaneously breathing ai

ISSN:0425-1644    

DOI:10.1111/j.2042-3306.1989.tb02684.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0425-1644    

DOI:10.1111/j.2042-3306.1989.tb02685.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryIohexol, a water soluble non‐ionic contrast agent, was evaluated for myelography in the horse. Both 300 and 350 mg iodine/ml iohexol gave diagnostic cervical myelograms. Pathological changes were limited to extradural oedema and an increase in the number of white blood cells and specific gravity in the cerebrospinal fluid two days after myelography. This increase in white blood cells in the cerebrospinal fluid was, however, much less than that recorded by other authors using metrizamide and iopamidol contrast media. These findings indicate that iohexol is a less irritant myelographic contrast agent than those previously evaluated in the hors

ISSN:0425-1644    

DOI:10.1111/j.2042-3306.1989.tb02686.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY