ISSN:0425-1644    

DOI:10.1111/j.2042-3306.1995.tb04416.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0425-1644    

DOI:10.1111/j.2042-3306.1995.tb04417.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0425-1644    

DOI:10.1111/j.2042-3306.1995.tb04418.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0425-1644    

DOI:10.1111/j.2042-3306.1995.tb04419.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0425-1644    

DOI:10.1111/j.2042-3306.1995.tb04420.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThree‐hundred adult horses, referred from 1990 to 1993 inclusively, for pulmonary examination were assessed using standardised history taking and clinical, intrapleural pressure, arterial blood gases and pH, bronchoscopic and tracheal and broncho‐alveolar lavage fluid (BALF) cytological examinations. Two‐hundred and thirty‐five cases were referred with overt signs of pulmonary disease and the remaining 65 cases were referred for pulmonary examination because of reduced exercise (usually racing) performance or prolonged dyspnoea after racing.No pulmonary disease was detected in 30 cases. The 270 horses with pulmonary disease included 148 cases (54.8%) of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), 45 (16.7%) of infectious or post infectious pulmonary disease, 7 (2.6%) ofStreptococcus zooepidemicuspulmonary infection, 7 (2.6%) of lungworm infection, 16 (5.9%) of primary exercise induced pulmonary haemorrhage (EIPH), 9 (3.3%) of chronic idiopathic hypoxaemia, 20 (7.4%) of miscellaneous identified pulmonary disorders and 18 (6.7%) of undifferentiated pulmonary disorders. Two cases of primary summer associated obstructive pulmonary disease (SPAOPD) were observed, but 9.5% of COPD affected horses additionally suffered from

ISSN:0425-1644    

DOI:10.1111/j.2042-3306.1995.tb04421.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryExamination of historical and clinical details of 270 adult horses suffering from a variety of mainly chronic pulmonary diseases showed that the chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) group (median age 9 years) were the oldest, and that the COPD, chronic idiopathic hypoxaemia and exercise induced pulmonary haemorrhage (EIPH) groups had the longest duration of disease (median durations 7, 12 and 9 months, respectively) with a median disease duration of 2 months for the remaining horses. A history of antecedent respiratory infection was present in 24.3% of all horses. Six out of 12 horses that grazed with donkeys suffered lungworm infection. Silage was fed to 11.3% of all horses, nonstraw beddings were utilised by 28.7% of horses and 8.7% of horses were maintained permanently outdoors. Environmental control had been unsuccessfully attempted in 47% of COPD cases prior to referral. Histories of poor athletic performance or of excessive post exercise dyspnoea were found to be less definitive indicators of pulmonary disease. Coughing was the most sensitive clinical indicator of pulmonary disease, being present in 71.1% of horses with pulmonary disorders. Nasal discharge was present in 50.4% of these horses and coughing or nasal discharge was present in 86.7% of horses with respiratory disorders. Unilateral nasal discharge was inexplicably present in 3.3% of horses with pulmonary disease. Other clinical findings, including the presence of increased breathing effort, abnormal thoracic or tracheal auscultatory findings were less sensitive diagnostic parameters with pulmonary diseases, and were frequently absent unless severe pulmonary disease was present.

ISSN:0425-1644    

DOI:10.1111/j.2042-3306.1995.tb04422.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe majority of 270 adult horses with chronic pulmonary diseases had excessive volumes of respiratory secretions (RS) present in their trachea, elevated tracheal RS neutrophil ratios and lowered arterial oxygen partial pressures. Some control horses, had inexplicably elevated tracheal RS neutrophil ratios. Only the chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) affected group had significantly elevated bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) neutrophil ratios. Maximal intrapleural pressure changes (max dPpl) were raised in 48% of COPD cases and rarely with other pulmonary disorders. Arterial pH or carbon doxide partial pressures values were seldom altered with any pulmonary diseases. Tracheal RS and BALF eosinophil ratios were raised with lungworm infection and idiopathic pulmonary eosinophilia.

ISSN:0425-1644    

DOI:10.1111/j.2042-3306.1995.tb04423.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryOne‐hundred and forty‐seven of 270 (54.4%) horses suffering from pulmonary disorders were given at least one reexamination including, clinical, bronchoscopic, pulmonary function and cytological examinations after treatment and a further 83 of these horses (30.7%) had their clinical progress assessed by verbal or written reports. These examinations and progress reports showed high levels of partial or total recovery for most pulmonary disease categories, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, infectious,S. zooepidemicusand undifferentiated pulmonary disease and lungworm infection groups but not for the miscellaneous pulmonary disease (40% of these cases died), idiopathic chronic hypoxaemic or exercise induced pulmonary haemorrhage gro

ISSN:0425-1644    

DOI:10.1111/j.2042-3306.1995.tb04424.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe medical records of 24 horses with corneal stromal abscesses were reviewed. Twenty of the horses initially presented with a corneal ulcer, corneal opacity, or evidence of ocular pain. All of the horses were treated with topical antibiotics prior to referral. Most had also been treated with topical atropine sulphate and systemic flunixin meglumine. Ophthalmic examinations revealed focal, yellow‐white corneal opacities, corneal vascularisation and evidence of iridocyclitis. Nine of the horses were treated primarily medically as the initial response to topical and systemic medication was rapid. Fifteen horses were treated both medically and surgically. Surgical treatment was undertaken when corneal rupture was imminent, the iridocyclitis was intractable or when there was minimal response to intensive medical therapy. The surgical procedure performed in most cases was a deep keratectomy with a conjunctival pedicle flap. Intraoperative specimens for cytology, culture, and/or histopathology contributed to the aetiological diagnosis in 5 of 8 cases in which preoperative cytology and cultures were nondiagnostic. All horses, excluding one that was enucleated at presentation for iris prolapse, had vision at discharg

ISSN:0425-1644    

DOI:10.1111/j.2042-3306.1995.tb04425.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY