ISSN:0425-1644    

DOI:10.1111/j.2042-3306.1985.tb02022.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0425-1644    

DOI:10.1111/j.2042-3306.1985.tb02023.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0425-1644    

DOI:10.1111/j.2042-3306.1985.tb02024.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0425-1644    

DOI:10.1111/j.2042-3306.1985.tb02025.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0425-1644    

DOI:10.1111/j.2042-3306.1985.tb02026.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0425-1644    

DOI:10.1111/j.2042-3306.1985.tb02027.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe stimuli that elicit thirst were studied in four ponies. Nineteen hours of water deprivation produced an increase in plasma protein from 67 ± 0.1 g/litre to 72 ± 2 g/litre, a mean (± se) increase in plasma sodium from 139 ± 3 to 145 ± 2 mmol/litre and an increase in plasma osmolality from 297 ± 1 to 306 ± 2 mosmol/litre. Undeprived ponies drank 1.5 ± 0.9 kg/30 mins; 19 h deprived ponies drank 10.2 ± 2.5 kg/30 mins and corrected the deficits in plasma protein, plasma sodium and plasma osmolality as well as compensating for the water they would have drunk during the deprivation period.In order to determine if an increase in plasma osmolality would stimulate thirst, 250 ml of 15 per cent sodium chloride was infused intravenously. The ponies drank when osmolality increased 3 per cent and when plasma sodium rose from 136 ± 3 mmol/litre to 143 ± 3 mmol/litre. Ponies infused with 15 per cent sodium chloride drank 2.9 ± 0.7 kg; those infused with 0.9 per cent sodium chloride drank 0.7 ± 0.5 kg. In order to determine if a decrease in plasma volume would stimulate thirst, ponies were injected with 1 or 2 mg/kg bodyweight (bwt) frusemide. Plasma protein rose from 68 ± 2 g/litre pre‐injection to 75 ± 2 g/litre 1 h after 1 mg/kg bwt frusemide and to 81 ± 1 g/litre 1 h after 2 mg/kg bwt frusemide. Ponies treated with 1 mg/kg frusemide voided 5.3 ± 0.81 kg urine and drank 3.0 ± 2 kg water. Ponies injected with 2 mg frusemide voided 6.4 ± 5 kg urine and drank 4.3 ± 1.4 kg water. Controls injected with 0.9 per cent sodium chloride voided 1.5 ± 0.5 kg urine and drank 0.9 ± 0.6 kg water. When food and water were freely available the ponies drank 27 ± 8 mins/day, 89 per cent of which occurred within a period from 10 mins before to 30 mins after feeding. They drank 8.7 ± 0.9 kg/day at a rate of 552 ± 232 ml/min. It was concluded that ponies usually drink periprandially and when challenged with either an increase in the osmotic pressure of their body fluids or a decrease in the volume of their body fluids they responded by inc

ISSN:0425-1644    

DOI:10.1111/j.2042-3306.1985.tb02028.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0425-1644    

DOI:10.1111/j.2042-3306.1985.tb02029.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryIn colts and fillies observed from birth to 24 weeks old, coprophagy occurred from Weeks 1 to 19. Its frequency was greatest during the first two months. Coprophagy was rarely observed in mares and stallions. Foals usually ate the faeces of their mother but were observed to eat their own and those of a stallion and another unrelated mare. Urination by the foal occurred before, during or after 26 per cent of the coprophagy incidents. It is hypothesised that foals may consume faeces in response to a maternal pheromone which signals the presence of deoxycholic acid or other acids which the foal may be deficient in and which it may require for gut immunocompetence and myelination of the nervous system. Such a pheromone may also serve to accelerate growth and sexual maturation. Coprophagy may also provide nutrients and introduce normal bacterial flora to the gut.

ISSN:0425-1644    

DOI:10.1111/j.2042-3306.1985.tb02030.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryPreference trials were conducted with mature ponies. In Trial 1, oats were compared with oats plus sucrose. Four of six pony geldings selected oats plus sucrose, but one pony demonstrated a dislike for sucrose and one selected from the bucket on the right side regardless of content. Oats, maize, barley, rye and wheat were compared in Trial 2 using six mature pony mares. Oats were the preferred grain, with maize and barley ranking second and third respectively. Wheat and rye were the least preferred. Even though the ponies demonstrated preference, the total intake at a given meal was not greatly depressed when only the less palatable grains were fed. In Trial 3, pony mares selected a diet containing 20 per cent dried distillers' grain and 80 per cent of a basal mixed diet of maize, oats, wheat bran, soybean meal, limestone and molasses over 100 per cent basal mixed diet, but selected the basal diet over diets containing 20 per cent blood meal, beet pulp or meat and bone meal and 80 per cent basal diet. They did not differentiate against diets containing 20 per cent alfalfa meal or 10 or 5 per cent meat and bone meal when the diets were compared to the basal mixed diet.

ISSN:0425-1644    

DOI:10.1111/j.2042-3306.1985.tb02031.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY