ISSN:0425-1644    

DOI:10.1111/j.2042-3306.1991.tb03729.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0425-1644    

DOI:10.1111/j.2042-3306.1991.tb03730.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0425-1644    

DOI:10.1111/j.2042-3306.1991.tb03731.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0425-1644    

DOI:10.1111/j.2042-3306.1991.tb03732.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThis paper reviews current developments in equine osteochondrosis complex and the clinical syndromes associated with it. Although the primary lesion has been defined as a failure of endochondral ossification, its definitive cause is unknown and appears to involve heredity, growth rate, nutrition, mineral imbalance, endocrinological dysfunction and biomechanical trauma. Despite the international importance of osteochondrosis in horses, surprisingly few controlled investigations have been performed on its pathogenesis. The studies that have been conducted suggest that local effects on differentiating growth cartilage are the key to a more complete understanding of the problem. Gaps in the current knowledge include in‐depth understanding of the life cycle of chondrocytes in growth cartilage, the process of mineralisation and the use of a standard experimental model for the induction of osteochondrosis. The ultimate goal of osteochondrosis research must be to prevent or reduce the incidence of the condition in horse

ISSN:0425-1644    

DOI:10.1111/j.2042-3306.1991.tb03733.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryFour donkeys and four ponies maintained in climate rooms, were provided with meadow hay or barley straw supplemented with minerals and vitaminsad libitum.Both diets were given to all animals for periods of 21 days. Measurements were made during the last seven days following single doses of two non‐absorbable markers (Crfibre and Co‐EDTA). After six weeks the donkeys repeated the trial, walking 14 km and ascending 260 m five days per week. At rest ponies ate more than donkeys, however the donkeys showed a higher digestibility of dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM) and acid detergent fibre (ADF) than the ponies. Both species lost weight, ate less and had a lower digestibility of DM, OM and energy on the straw than on the hay ration. Fibre digestibility (neutral detergent fibre [NDF] and ADF) was higher on the straw than the hay diet. Gastrointestinal transit time was slower in the donkeys than in the ponies on both diets. Both species showed a higher mean retention time of digesta on straw than on hay. Exercise had no significant effect on food intake and liveweight changes in the donkeys. Although digestibility coefficients were higher in exercised animals, the effect was not significant. We conclude that, although it is generally considered that donkeys can thrive better on poor feeds than ponies, when the animals are allowedad libitumaccess to hay and straw better intakes by ponies may compensate for any differences in digestibility seen in donkeys. Intake of barley straw by both species was not sufficient to meet maintenance requireme

ISSN:0425-1644    

DOI:10.1111/j.2042-3306.1991.tb03734.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummarySpecificity of the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) for the diagnosis of small intestinal malabsorption in the horse was assessed by comparing the results of OGTT with the results of a histopathological examination of the small intestine in 42 adult horses affected by chronic weight loss. The horses were assigned to three groups on the basis of the results of the test. Five horses were considered to have a normal OGTT absorption result (Group 1); all the horses had a histologically normal small intestine. Twenty‐five horses had a partial malabsorption result (Group 2) seven of which had normal small intestinal morphology, whereas the remaining 18 had a variety of pathological lesions including lymphosarcoma, villous atrophy, granulomatous enteritis and eosinophilic gastroenteritis. Twelve of the 42 horses had a total malabsorption result (Group 3), and all had a severe infiltrative lesion in the small intestinal wall (either lymphosarcoma or granulomatous enteritis

ISSN:0425-1644    

DOI:10.1111/j.2042-3306.1991.tb03735.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe uptake of the bone‐seeking radiopharmaceutical 99mTc‐MDP by damaged skeletal muscle in horses is evaluated. Twenty‐four hours following strenuous exercise, 109 racehorses with a history of inadequate athletic performance and subtle lameness were imaged using scintigraphic techniques. Ten horses (9.2 per cent) demonstrated abnormal uptake of the radioisotope within skeletal muscles. A muscle biopsy from one of theses horses confirmed that the muscles with increased scintigraphic activity had histologic evidence of rhabdomyolysis. This technique allows localisation and relative quantification of muscle damage and is a valuable aid in the evaluation of the athletic

ISSN:0425-1644    

DOI:10.1111/j.2042-3306.1991.tb03736.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryPlasma lipoproteins were isolated from eight Thoroughbred horses and eight Shetland ponies on the basis of particle size by gel filtration chromatography and according to density using rate‐zonal ultracentrifugation. Three major classes corresponding to very low density lipoproteins (VLDL), low density lipoproteins (LDL) and high density lipoproteins (HDL) were identified and characterised by their lipid and apolipoprotein compositions. The particle size distributions of each class were determined by electron microscopy and non‐denaturing polyacrylamide gradient gel electrophoresis. HDL was found to dominate the equine lipoprotein spectrum, accounting for 61 per cent of the total plasma lipoprotein mass (VLDL 24 per cent, LDL 15 per cent). The VLDL class was isolated as a single population of particles that were triglyceride rich and cholesterol, phospholipid and protein poor. Equine LDL was characteristically cholesterol rich and was found to be polydisperse comprising three subfractions that were discrete with respect to particle size and lipid composition. The HDL class was composed of homogeneous particles that were typically protein rich. Apolipoprotein (apo) B was the major protein of VLDL and LDL, and presented two components on Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis with molecular weights in the region of human apoB‐100 and a third in VLDL similar to that of apoB‐48. ApoA‐I was the predominant protein in equine HDL. Although there were no breed differences in the physical or chemical properties of each lipoprotein class, the Shetland ponies had higher plasma triglyceride and VLDL concentrations than their Thoroughbred cou

ISSN:0425-1644    

DOI:10.1111/j.2042-3306.1991.tb03737.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryAn attempt has been made to assess the diagnostic value of clinical features seen at initial examination of horses with grass sickness, colic cases and cases submitted as possible grass sickness but diagnosed subsequently as some other condition. There appears to be no single pathognomonic sign for grass sickness. A range of signs has been associated with grass sickness but these are of value only when related to the length of illness and the history. Biochemical tests related to intestinal tissue damage, stress and dehydration were evaluated and most were found to be of value in diagnosing acute grass sickness. No evidence was found relating selected mineral or vitamin deficiencies to grass sickness, nor were protein changes specific. A marked fall in glutathione peroxidase values was associated with grazing rather than disease.

ISSN:0425-1644    

DOI:10.1111/j.2042-3306.1991.tb03738.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY