ISSN:0425-1644    

DOI:10.1111/j.2042-3306.1984.tb01916.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0425-1644    

DOI:10.1111/j.2042-3306.1984.tb01917.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0425-1644    

DOI:10.1111/j.2042-3306.1984.tb01918.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0425-1644    

DOI:10.1111/j.2042-3306.1984.tb01919.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0425-1644    

DOI:10.1111/j.2042-3306.1984.tb01920.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0425-1644    

DOI:10.1111/j.2042-3306.1984.tb01921.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryTotal calcium, total protein, albumin and globulin content were determined in 49 samples of mammary secretions from 37 crossbred and Thoroughbred mares. The mares were divided into three categories: Group 1 — post partum samples from spontaneous full term Thoroughbred deliveries (n = 20); Group 2 — pre‐ and post partum samples from spontaneous full term Thoroughbred deliveries (n = 6); Group 3 — pre‐ and post partum samples from induced premature deliveries in crossbred mares (n = 11). Calcium concentrations of the mammary secretions proved useful in predicting full term and also in assessment of the chances of foal survival in prematurely induced parturition. Mean (±se) calcium levels in full term mares that foaled spontaneously (Group 1) were 10.6±2.7 mmol/litre on the day of parturition. However lower values than this did not necessarily mean parturition would not take place. In Group 2 mares, calcium levels were 4.1±0.8 mmol/litre just before foaling and rose to 9.2±1.5 mmol/litre within 20 mins of parturition; an increase of 124 per cent. Group 3 mares, induced prematurely, showed poor foal survival if pre‐partum calcium levels were less than 3 mmol/litre. Total protein, albumin and globulin concentrations showed a similar trend but the increase just before or during parturition was m

ISSN:0425-1644    

DOI:10.1111/j.2042-3306.1984.tb01922.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe status of the mare and foetus in relation to readiness for birth was assessed by measurement of the electrolytes sodium, potassium and calcium in mammary secretions pre‐partum.Sixteen Thoroughbred mares were allowed to foal spontaneously and the ionic status of their mammary secretions was measured over three to five weeks pre‐partum. From these measurements, a scoring system was developed where an ionic score of 35 points or more suggested that the mare was within 24 h of foaling. On the basis of this ionic score, 10 pony mares were induced with either oxytocin or fluprostenol and assessment of foal maturity was made by physical, behavioural and physiological criteria.Eight pony mares, induced when the ionic score was 35 points or more, delivered full term foals; two mares were induced when their scores were 30 and 20 points and delivered a full term and slightly immature foal respectively.These results suggest that foetal maturity may be related to electrolyte concentrations in mammary secretions and that an ionic score of 35 points or more may indicate that induction would be successful in terms of maturity of the newborn f

ISSN:0425-1644    

DOI:10.1111/j.2042-3306.1984.tb01923.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe effectiveness of the prostaglandin F analogue fluprostenol in inducing labour in the mare was examined by giving sequential injections over the last 50 days of gestation. The behavioural and endocrine changes elicited by the drug in pregnant and non‐pregnant animals and in foals were also studied. Fluprostenol (250 or 500 μg intramuscularly) failed to induce labour before 320 days gestation; thereafter its effect was capricious. Twelve mares foaled 1 to 36 h after the last test; eight delivered normal, viable, apparently ‘term’ foals and four produced stillborn/premature animals. Eight of the deliveries (five term and three pre‐term foals) could be ascribed to the action of fluprostenol because they occurred 1 to 6 h after its administration, at a time when spontaneous foaling would have been unlikely. The other four mares foaled between 12 and 36 h after the fluprostenol injection and it is therefore doubtful whether there was a causal relationship between the two events. In the mares which delivered viable foals the pre‐partum milk samples were characteristic of full term samples with respect to calcium, sodium and potassium. Those which delivered premature/stillborn foals had low calcium and a high sodium/potassium ratio in the pre‐partum milk. Behavioural changes (sweating, increased respiration, defaecation etc), which varied in intensity between tests and individuals, were seen in all three groups of animals following the administration of fluprostenol. These changes were accompanied by rises in plasma cortisol and adrenocorticotrophic hormone concentration during the 2 h sampling period, suggesting a centrally mediated response to the drug. In the pregnant mares no significant changes in either uterine or peripheral plasma levels of prostaglandin metabolite were detected following fluprostenol injection, indicating that the analogue did not stimulate endogenous prostaglandin metabolism under these conditions. The present findings show that fluprostenol has inducing properties but its safety and efficacy are questionable and its action requires furthe

ISSN:0425-1644    

DOI:10.1111/j.2042-3306.1984.tb01924.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryChanges in plasma 15‐keto‐13, 14‐dihydro‐prostaglandin F2αwere monitored at frequent intervals before, during and after spontaneous deliveries (three mares) and foalings induced by oxytocin (eight mares). No evidence of increased concentrations of the prostaglandin metabolite was observed in the final 10 days of gestation. In spontaneously delivering mares, there was a marked increase from 3 ng/ml at −125 mins to 18 ng/ml at −65 mins to the highest observed value of 182 ng/ml at 20 mins pre‐partum. Following delivery, concentrations declined rapidly to around 0.2 ng/ml. Further release of prostaglandins was seen on Days 1 and 3 post partum. In oxytocin induced mares, maximal concentrations of about 100 ng/ml were observed to occur very close to the time of delivery. Large increases were observed as early as 2 mins following oxytocin injection. The significance of these findings is discussed in relation to parturient and post parturient events and changes in levels of the hormone relaxin during t

ISSN:0425-1644    

DOI:10.1111/j.2042-3306.1984.tb01925.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY