摘要:

The aim of the present investigation was to determine the mineral distribution in the enamel of teeth with amelogenesis imperfecta (AI) by quantitative microradiography. A further aim was to correlate the findings to clinical manifestations and inheritance patterns for AI. Included in the study were a total of 29 teeth with AI, 28 primary and one permanent, and seven unaffected teeth, five primary and two permanent. Quantitative microradiography was applied to sagittally ground sections. 70–90 μm, of the teeth. The mineral content of the enamel, expressed as percentage by volume, was lower in most of the teeth with AI than in the unaffected teeth. The largest range for the mineral distribution was found in the enamel of the variants clinically characterized by hypomineralization. These teeth showed a mineral distribution pattern that reflected an extremely low mineral content in the bulk of the enamel. In the AI teeth clinically characterized by hypoplasia, the mineral distribution pattern was similar to that of the unaffected teeth, although with larger local variations in mineral content. Apart from the teeth connected with X‐linked inheritance, no differences were found among teeth with similar clinical variants connected with different inheritance patt

ISSN:0909-8836    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0722.1994.tb01178.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Longitudinal microradiography has been used to determine inhibiting effects of aluminum (III), Al, and fluoride on mineral loss from slices of bovine enamel exposed to a demineralizing solution 4 h daily for 35 days. Inhibitor treatment was 5 min four times daily. For the remaining time, the samples were immersed in a neutral calcium phosphate solution which allowed neither remineralization nor demineralization. This study indicates that a 1‐mM (27 ppm) solution of Al in a 0.1‐M lactate solution, pH 5, has an inhibitory effect on the in vitro demineralization of bovine enamel. Application of this solution alternating with 20 mM (380 ppm) fluoride gave the same total inhibition as treatment with 20 mM fluoride al

ISSN:0909-8836    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0722.1994.tb01179.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The aim of this study was to investigate the plaque‐inhibiting effect of triclosan. It is known that triclosan and sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) have a marked inhibitory effect. However, since SLS has a plaque‐reducing effect in itself, the relative importance of triclosan and the surfactant is undecided. Twelve dental students participated in the trial, during which oral hygiene was suspended for 4‐day periods when the different mouthrinses were used twice daily. The following mouthrinses were used: A, water (negative control); B, 0.2% chlorhexidine acetate (CHX) (positive control); C, 0.3% triclosan in water‐free propylene glycol (PG); D, 0.3% triclosan with 1.5% SLS in PG; E, 0.15% triclosan in PG; F, 0.075% triclosan in PG; G, 0.3% triclosan in diluted PG (1:8 in water) with 1.5% SLS; and H, 0.3% triclosan in 0.5% sodium carbonate. The results showed that triclosan dissolved in the organic solvent PG had a significant plaque‐inhibiting effect, whereas, dissolved in alkali, it had a negligible effect. The addition of SLS to PG somewhat reduced the antiplaque activity, and the aqueous solution of triclosan had markedly less effect. Lower concentrations of triclosan exhibited less clinical effect than higher concentrations. It can be concluded that triclosan alone, dissolved in a suitable solvent, has an antiplaque effect. The study confirmed the hypothesis that the nature of the detergent or organic solvent used to dissolve triclosan affects its clinical effect markedly. In vitro tests showed a similar antibacterial effect of solutions C,

ISSN:0909-8836    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0722.1994.tb01180.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

For study of the enamel‐protective effect of chlorhexidine‐fluoride applications, the labial surfaces of pieces of bovine incisors were treated with 0.2% chlorhexidine gluconate solution, with Duraphat fluoride varnish, or with both of the above agents, while one group was treated with distilled water and one was left as an untreated control. Furthermore, a placebo varnish was used in the chlorhexidine‐ and distilled‐water‐treated groups; all the varnishes were removed after 24 h. The enamel slabs were mounted pairwise in an artificial mouth to form approximal contacts. The teeth were continuously rinsed with a common pool of artificial saliva to which was added 3% sucrose, and which was infected on the first day withStreptococcus mutans, “Ingbritt”. The saliva was renewed daily and the incubation at 37°C lasted for 10 days. The appreciable softening found in the distilled‐water‐ and placebo‐varnish‐treated group tended to be prevented by the chlorhexidine and even more by the fluoride treatment, while the chlorhexidine‐fluoride treatment prevented enamel softening completely. The saliva, infected only on the first day, and renewed daily, tended to become more acidified toward the end of the experimental period, obviously because the fermenting organisms had infected the surfaces of the model and formed plaque‐l

ISSN:0909-8836    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0722.1994.tb01181.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The keratin pattern in oral epithelia is related to the type of terminal differentiation observed morphologically (keratinization/nonkeratinization) and to the presence or absence of epithelial dysplasia. Furthermore, it has been suggested recently that inflammatory phenomena influence the keratin expression in human gingiva. The aim of the present study was to describe the keratin pattern in oral lichen planus (OLP) lesions, which are well known to be characterized by hyperkeratinization and severe inflammatory changes, in order to elucidate the role of inflammation in keratin expression of oral epithelia. Tissue sections were stained with antikeratin antibodies directed to groups of keratins (AE1 and AE2) and to single keratin proteins (Nos. 5, 8, 13, and 19). The keratin pattern in OLP lesions differed in some respects from that of leukoplakias and frictional keratoses as characterized in previous studies. No consistent patterns for use in a diagnostic context were found. However, the changes in OLP lesions did not mimic those previously described in inflamed gingival specimens and in oral epithelial dysplasias. Thus, the results encourage further studies on the potential diagnostic use of keratin expression in premalignant oral lesions. Furthermore, the study suggests that the inflammatory reaction seen in OLP lesions does not influence keratin expression in a way comparable with the suggested influence of inflammation in gingival specimens.

ISSN:0909-8836    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0722.1994.tb01182.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The purpose of the present investigation was to determine, in patients with oral mucosal lesions of lichenoid character, whether it is possible with epicutaneous patch tests; to detect those who will react favorably to removal of amalgam. Of 48 patients, 19 (39.6%) showed positive patch test reactions to 1% mercury ammonium chloride, and 29 (60.4%) showed negative test results. The observation period varied from 3 months to 3 yr (mean value 1.5 yr). After treatment, 94.7% of the positive group and 86.2% of the negative group showed regression of lesions. Reactions exceeding the contact zone between amalgam restorations and lesions showed positive patch test results in 21% of the cases, as compared with 47% among those with lesions restricted to the contact areas; 85.7 and 93.9%, respectively, showed regression after removal of amalgam restorations. The results of the present study indicate that removal of amalgam usually affects the lesions favorably and that epicutaneous patch tests are of little prognostic value in patients with oral mucosal lesions of lichenoid character.

ISSN:0909-8836    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0722.1994.tb01183.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The healing process of wounds made by a combination laser was studied in 90 rats. The laser system enabled both separate and combined use of CO2, and Nd:YAG laser irradiations. The laser wounds and the control excision wounds made by alligator forceps appeared on both sides of the tongue. Specimens from the wound sites were taken immediately, 6 h, and 1, 2, 4, 7, 11, 21, 28, and 42 days after surgery. The wound‐healing process was studied by macroscopic evaluation before preparing the specimens for light microscopy. Some dilferences were noted in the wound‐healing process among the three groups into which the experimental animals were divided. Tissue coagulation damage was most extensive in the Nd:YAG laser sites, where it was observed in its full extent 4 days after surgery. Epithelial cells were seen to begin to proliferate in all the wounds 6 h after surgery. Re‐epithelialization was completed by between 7 (CO2) and 21 days (Nd:YAG) at all the wound sites. The inflammatory cell infiltration was more prominent in the Nd:YAG and the COrNd:YAG combination laser wounds than in the COi and excision wounds during healing. Tissue regeneration occurred faster with less contraction in the combination CO2‐Nd:YAG wounds than in Nd:YAG wounds. The best macroscopic healing result was seen in the CO2, wound sites. The combination laser was effective both at cutting and at coagulating tissue. Combining the CO2and Nd:YAG laser irradiation into one beam resulted in a greater incision depth than what could have been expected from using the two lasers sep

ISSN:0909-8836    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0722.1994.tb01184.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The aim of this study was to investigate salivary flow rate, buffering capacity, and yeast counts in all adult patients seeking dental treatment at the University Dental Clinic in Kuopio, Finland, during autumn 1992. Altogether, 187 consecutive patients over 20 yr old were included. Stimulated and unstimulated salivary flow rates were as follows: 1.8±0.9 ml/min; 0.6±0.4 ml/min in men, and 1.3±0.7 ml/min; 0.4±0.3 ml/min in women. A total of 103 patients used one or more systemic medications daily, mainly for cardiovascular disease (29.9%). The patients with medication had significantly lower flow rates than unmedicated subjects; in particular, in the older age group over 60 yr old. The medicated subjects also had significantly more often low buffering capacity values than the unmedicated ones (20% and 7%, respectively, with pH<4 in the Dentobuff score). Positive yeast counts were observed in 66% of men and 55% of women, and more often in medicated than in unmedicated subjects (63% and 57%, respectively, NS). The results emphasize the need to take patients' sex and systemic medication into account in all salivary diagno

ISSN:0909-8836    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0722.1994.tb01185.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The effects of 1‐wk medication with two β‐adrenoceptor antagonists on unstimulated whole saliva flow rate and protein composition were evaluated in 11 healthy young men in a randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled, crossover study. Unstimulated whole saliva was collected before each treatment period and then again after 7 days. The saliva was assessed for flow rate, total protein, and hexosamine and sialic acid concentrations and for amylase activity. No significant effect on saliva secretion rate was found. A statistically significant reduction of salivary total proteins was registered during atenolol medication. The amylase activity decreased significantly during treatment with both atenolol and propranolol. Significant changes of the calculated ratios of sialic acid/hexosamine and hexosamine/total protein indicated an alteration in glandular protein synthesis after atenolol t

ISSN:0909-8836    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0722.1994.tb01186.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The effects of occlusal adjustments on the myoelectric activity of the anterior temporal and masseter muscles, with the mandible at rest and during maximal clenching in the intercuspal position (ICP), were studied in 24 nocturnal bruxism patients. Before the occlusal adjustment, the patients were treated with a flat occlusal splint for chronic craniomandibular disorders. The results revealed that within the short term the occlusal adjustment, in terms of increased number of occlusal contacts and teeth in contact in ICP, did not change the postural activity, whereas, on average, the level of activation of the jaw elevators, in terms of normalized electromyogram, increased during maximal clenching in ICP. The increase of activity was more pronounced in the masseter muscle than in the anterior temporal muscle.

ISSN:0909-8836    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0722.1994.tb01187.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY