摘要:

The present study was conducted to investigate the thermal behavior of human sound and carious enamel and dentin. The results were compared to those obtained for pure hydroxyapatite. The volatile decomposition products were identified by mass spectrometry. Solid decomposition products were analyzed by infrared (IR) spectrometry. For both normal and carious enamel, the differential thermogravimetry (DTG) curves revealed three peaks at about 90–100, 330, and 900°C. Both normal and carious dentin revealed two common peaks in their DTG curves, at about 90–100 C and 330°C. An additional peak at 500–600°C was observed in the DTG curve of carious dentin in air atmosphere. This peak completely disappeared in nitrogen (N2) atmosphere. About 11–12% of sound and carious enamel was volatilized in air. The values for sound dentin were 34% and for carious dentin 54% per weight, respectively. Enamel and dentin (apatite protein complex) decomposed at higher temperatures than pure hydroxyapatite in air. In N2atmosphere, both enamel and dentin are more resistant to thermal decomposition than in air, because organic materials decompose easier in an oxidizing atmosphere than in an inert

ISSN:0909-8836    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0722.1993.tb01102.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Mouthwashes containing 0.3% or 0.15% triclosan in combination with 1.5% sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) produced a significant reduction in plaque formation in a test panel of 11 students who refrained from oral hygiene during the test periods, during which they rinsed twice daily with different mouthwashes. Pl.I. was evaluated after each test period. A mouthwash containing only 1.5% SLS inhibited plaque to almost the same degree. In both cases, the major effect was on the buccal/lingual surfaces, where score 2 was changed to score 0. Addition of triclosan appeared to reduce the untoward side‐effects of mouthwashes containing SLS alone (i.e. desquamation and a burning sensation in the mouth

ISSN:0909-8836    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0722.1993.tb01103.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The aim of the present study was to discover any possible correlation between specific antibodies againstActinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans (A.a.)in serum and saliva. The test group consisted of 38 patients aged 31–68 yr (mean 49) with advanced periodontitis. Twenty‐nine subjects aged 23–67 yr, without periodontal destruction, formed a control group with a reference level of specific salivary antibodies againstA.a.A subgingival plaque sample for culturingA.a., a specimen of stimulated whole saliva, and a sample of venous blood were taken from each subject of the test group. Specific IgG and IgA antibodies againstA.a.were determined from serum and stimulated whole saliva by means of the ELISA test. Fifteen of the patients (39%) had cultivableA.a.Six of the 15A.a.culture‐positive patients and one of the 29 reference subjects exhibited very high antibody titers againstA.a.in saliva. Specific IgG and IgA antibodies in saliva correlated highly significantly with the corresponding antibody values in serum among the patients in the test group. It was concluded that among patients with severe adult periodontitis, the less invasive saliva sample has a diagnostic value equal to that of the serum sample concerning specific antibodies aga

ISSN:0909-8836    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0722.1993.tb01104.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Extracted teeth from five deceased patients treated by renal transplantation were examined radiographically and histologically, and compared with teeth from healthy persons of approximately the same age. In three of the patients with a renal transplant, the radiographs showed normal pulp chamber sizes, but histologic examination revealed a widened predentin zone, approximately four times greater than in the controls. In two of the patients the radiographs showed marked reduction of the pulp chamber size. The histologic changes of these teeth were mainly an extensive amount of secondary dentin along the pulp chamber walls and the root canals, with a markedly reduced pulp space. One explanation for the difference between the patients was that patients with extensive pulp calcifications were given a higher total amount of corticosteroids than patients with a widened predentin zone.

ISSN:0909-8836    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0722.1993.tb01105.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The aims of the present study were to measure stimulated submandibular‐sublingual (SM‐SL) salivary flow rate with a modified Block‐Brottman collection device, and, further, to evaluate the reliability of measurements of stimulated SM‐SL salivary flow rate by means of this modified Block‐Brottman device, as compared to measurements of parotid flow rate using modified Carlson‐Crittenden cups. Twenty‐nine healthy female volunteers, aged 36±7 yr, were included. Saliva stimulation was achieved by application of a 3% citric acid solution to the rims of the tongue four times/min, for 3 s every 15 s. On 3 consecutive days, stimulated parotid and SM‐SL salivas were collected for 2 min at 07.30, before breakfast (morning value), and at 10.00, 2 h after a standard breakfast (lunchtime values). SM‐SL saliva was also collected on one occasion for 2 min ± 3. For parotid and SM‐SL saliva, the mean stimulated flow rates were in the morning, 1.50±0.83 and 2.25±1.12 ml/min, and at lunchtime, 1.71±1.16 and 2.54±1.01 ml/min, respectively. For both salivas, lunchtime values were significantly higher than morning values by about 13–14%. Comparing parotid and SM‐SL saliva flow rates, we found the SM‐SL saliva flow rate to exceed the parotid flow rate by about 50% both in the morning and at lunchtime. Variations in flow rate were analyzed by means of ANOVA. Interindividual variance and variance between measurement days and times of day made up 88% of parotid and 83% of SM‐SL total variance. By calculating the variation coefficient, we found this to be smaller for SM‐SL salivary flow rate measurements as compared to parotid flow rate measurements. In conclusion, the results of the present study indicate that our method of collecting stimulated submandibular‐sublingual saliva by means of a modified Block‐Brottman collection device is as reliable as the method of collecting stimulated parotid saliva by means of modified Carlson‐Crittenden cups, and is thus a useful method for future studies of changes in sub

ISSN:0909-8836    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0722.1993.tb01106.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Resting and stimulated whole saliva and parotid saliva of men and pre‐ and post‐menopausal women with burning mouth syndrome (BMS) and their matched controls were studied. Women with BMS had slightly, but not significantly, higher flow rates than their controls. The total protsein concentration in stimulated saliva of women with BMS was significantly lower than that of controls. This difference was not associated with the flow rate. The proportional amount of sialic acid, used as an indicator of mucin concentration, was higher in subjects with BMS than in their controls. SDS‐PAGE showed no consistent differences in the protein profiles of saliva, nor were any differences observed in the adhesion or agglutination assays between subjects with BMS and their matched controls. Thus, the present results indicate that BMS is not associated with a decrease in the protecting and lubricating properties of s

ISSN:0909-8836    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0722.1993.tb01107.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Mineral density of the cortical bone of the mandible was determined by single‐energy QCT (quantitative computed tomography) for 77 menopausal women. Bone mineral densities (BMD) were measured in the buccal and lingual layers of the cortex, distally from the foramen mentale, on both sides of the mandible. All the women were edentulous in that region, and the alveolar processes were far resorbed. These results were compared with the BMD values of the femoral neck, lumbar spine, and trabecular portion of the mandible between the detected layers of cortex. The BMD of the buccal cortex correlated remarkably well with all values, except those of the trabecular portion. Of the women tested, the correlations were lowest in the least osteoporotic group. The values for the lingual cortex did not correlate with other variables as well as did those for the buccal cortex, but in the most osteoporotic part of the sample the lingual cortex values correlated significantly with the BMD of the trabecular portion. The BMD values for the buccal cortex were significantly higher than those for the lingual corte

ISSN:0909-8836    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0722.1993.tb01108.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The aim of this study was to examine the effect on osteocytes after subperiosteal implantation of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) material in the rat maxilla. In four young conventional albino rats, mucoperiosteal flaps were elevated by sulcular incision, and segments (1±4 mm) of PTFE material were implanted between bone and flap tissue. After a healing period of 14 days, specimens containing implants and adjacent bone were processed for transmission electron microscopy. The specimens were stepwise reduced to obtain a total of 16 levels for thin sectioning. Osteocytes (n= 640) in alveolar bone underlying implanted material (region 1) and adjacent bone (region 2) were studied to determine the ratio of intact to degenerated cells. In alveolar bone covered by implanted material (region 1) and adjacent bone (region 2), 56% and 16% of the osteocytes, respectively, showed distinct signs of necrocytosis. This study has shown that subperiosteal placement of PTFE material results in partial necrosis of superficial alveolar bone

ISSN:0909-8836    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0722.1993.tb01109.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The cytotoxic and antibacterial effects of orthodontic appliances were assessed. Metallic devices used in orthodontics, such as molar bands, brackets, and archwires were tested by the agar overlay cytotoxicity test with mouse fibroblast cells. The same devices were tested for antibacterial effect withStreptococcus mutansandS. sanguis. The multicomponent devices, which are bonded with silver‐ and copper‐based brazing alloys, were more cytotoxic than the single‐component devices, probably because copper is more cytotoxic than nickel. The devices had a definite, but low, antibacterial effect, as compared with the 0.05% chlorhexidine positive control. A cytotoxic effect of the devices per se might contribute to a localized gingivitis. It is uncertain whether orthodontic devices have any significant inhibitory effect on dental plaque viab

ISSN:0909-8836    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0722.1993.tb01110.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A total of 142 women and 76 men with self‐diagnosed oral galvanism who were referred from dentists and medical doctors for clinical evaluation during the last 2 yr are described from the perspective of general medicine. No case of clinically suspected mercury intoxication was found. Mean concentration of mercury in whole blood (B‐Hg) was 17.3 nmol/1, and no value exceeded 50 nmol/1. Amalgam burden and B‐Hg were not associated with clinical signs or symptoms except for a significantly lower mean value of B‐Hg in patients with psychologic main symptoms than in those without (mean 15.4 vs. 18.1 nmol/1). It was possible to make one or several diagnoses in all 218 cases as reasonable alternatives to the concept of oral galvanism. Mental disorder was the main diagnosis in 93 cases (42.7%), including 41 cases of generalized anxiety disorder and 12 cases of panic disorder. A total of 87 patients (40%) did not work because of medical reasons or unemployment. Amalgam removal was recommended in a total of 65 cases (29%), mainly on psychologic indications, but in 22 cases because of oral conditions. The clinical conditions behind the concept of oral galvanism seem to be explicable in terms of general medicine, and no generalized toxic effect of amalgam fillings need be su

ISSN:0909-8836    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0722.1993.tb01111.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY