ISSN:0909-8836    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0722.1995.tb00130.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A paleopathological maxilla and mandible with tooth agenesis were analyzed, focussing on the aetiology of the condition. The jaw material, derived from an adult mediaeval male, was examined by standard anthropological analyses, including radiography. In the maxilla there was agenesis of three permanent incisors and one premolar, and in the mandible of one permanent incisor and two permanent molars. Absence or marked reduction of the incisive foramen and the nasopalatine canal was found. The pattern of tooth agenesis was similar to the pattern observed in contemporary individuals, except for the agenesis of one permanent maxillary centreal insisor. It is suggested that the pronounced lack of the premaxillary area of the nasopalatine canals and the incisive foramen. As the condition can be ascribed to deviations in the prenatal developments, this investigation shows that embryological developmental patterns, which form the basis for the pattern of tooth agenesis, should be taken into account when evaluation dry bonde patholgy.

ISSN:0909-8836    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0722.1995.tb00118.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The study describes the distribution of mast cells and of substance P (SP) and calcitonin gene‐related peptide (CGRP)‐immunoreactive nerve fibers in the rat palatal mucosa, focusing on the anatomic relationship between these tissue elements. The maxilla of 10‐14‐wk‐old rats was dissected free, fixed, demineralized and frozen. Consecutive sections were stained with avidin peroxidase or processed for immunohistochemistry. In order to define the correlation between nerve fibers and mast cells, double staining techniques were used. The distance between each avidin‐positive mast cell and the nearest detectable nerve fiber was determined. 5‐Hydroxytryptamine‐ (5‐HT) and avidin peroxidase‐positive mast cells were frequently seen in the palatal mucosa but were rarely found in the gingival area. A large number of nerve fibers showing SP‐ and CGRP‐like immunoreactivity were seen, particularly in association with blood vessels. Some nerve fibers were located in contact with or very close to the mast cells but the vast majority of mast cells showed no close anatomic association to nerve fibers. The nerve fibers and mast cells were mainly concentrated to the same regions in the palatal mucosa where blood vessels occurred. The observations suggest that in the rat palatal mucosa the main functional relationship relates to SP/CGRP and the blood vessels, and only to a minor degree to

ISSN:0909-8836    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0722.1995.tb00119.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The local antibody response toFusobacterium nucleatumouter membrane (FnOM) was analyzed in patients with adult periodontitis (AP) at the single cell level. Furthermore, we analyzed whether periodontal hygienic treatment could alter the antibody response. The number of IgG‐ and IgM‐producing cells were investigated in gingival samples collected from 20 patients with AP. The patients were divided into 2 groups, before (BT,n=9) and after (AT,n=11) periodontal hygienic treatment. Four healthy gingival samples were used as controls. The results obtained showed that local antibody production against FnOM occurred in gingiva of patients with AP, but not in healthy gingiva. The IgG anti‐FnOM was the predominant isotype observed. However, there was no statistically significant difference between the BT and AT groups. These results indicate that periodontal hygienic treatment was not sufficient to alter significantly the number of IgG‐ arid IgM‐secreting cells present in gingival tissue of AP patients, but it promoted a reduction of IgG anti‐FnOM secreting cells. The presence of anti‐FnOM antibodies in AP but not in control patients indicates that this bacteria may play a role in the pathogenesis of period

ISSN:0909-8836    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0722.1995.tb00120.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Granulocyte elastase was determined in the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) of 18 periodontitis patients. They initially had similar severity of disease but had responded differently to 5‐yr maintenance, 13 responders and 5 non‐responders. A total of 102 sites were investigated and categorized as: i) consistently healthy, ii) healthy after treatment, iii) gingivitis, and iiii) periodontitis, according to clinical criteria. GCF elastase activity was determined with a granulocyte‐specific substrate. The sites from non‐responders had consistently higher elastase levels than the corresponding category of sites from responders, despite similar gingival inflammation and periodontal destruction, with the exception of consistently healthy sites. Within the non‐responders, the periodontitis sites had higher elastase levels than the gingivitis sites commensurate with probing depth, while no difference existed between gingivitis sites and sites healthy after treatment, despite a difference in probing depth. In contrast, in the responders similar elastase levels were found at the periodontitis sites and gingivitis sites despite difference in probing depth, while both diseased sites had higher elastase levels than the sites healthy after treatment, commensurate with probing depth. This study suggests that increased granulocyte‐specific elastase levels in GCF may serve as a diagnostic marker for refractory periodontit

ISSN:0909-8836    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0722.1995.tb00121.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This report was derived from a longitudinal study of the development and progress of incisal tooth wear in children and adolescents. The study group was established in 1991/1992 and consisted of 79 participants between 8 and 15 yr. They were reexamined in 1993 and the time span between the first and second examination was 12–14 months. Assessment of incisal Wear was made on stone casts based on silicone impression material according to the Incisal wear Index (IwI). The index used was shown to have good reproducibility. The results showed that the pattern of incisal wear had been maintained during the observation period. Prevalence and severity of incisal wear had increased significantly with age. The strength of the suggested linear relationship between age and incisal wear decreased during the observation period. At the same time the growth increments of wear, ΔIwI, were negatively correlated with age, indicating that the progression of incisal wear slowed down with increasing age. Description of the true relationship between age and incisal wear outside the age range represented in the sample must await the results of forthcoming studi

ISSN:0909-8836    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0722.1995.tb00122.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The aim of the study was to compare salivary variables in a group of vegetarians with a group of omnivores. Twenty‐nine vegetarians, 19 women and 10 men, mean age 35 yr, and 28 omnivores, 20 women and 8 men, mean age 35 yr, were compared in terms of salivary secretion rate, pH, buffer capacity, mutans streptococci and lactobacilli. The vegetarians had a significantly higher secretion rate, but there were no other significant differences regarding the salivary variables. The difference in secretion rate may have been caused by some lifestyle factor(s) differing between vegetarians and omnivores which probably mainly include nutrient(s), texture and roughness of the foo

ISSN:0909-8836    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0722.1995.tb00123.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The counts of mutans streptococci (MS) and lactobacilli (LB) in saliva have been used for prediction of dental caries. The results have not justified putting the methods into clinical practice as the explanatory values of the bacteria for caries are low. There is therefore reason to question how representative the methods for sampling and estimation of those bacteria are. The aims of this study were to investigate if the variation in caries is better explained by the bacteria, estimated as means of numbers in double saliva samples, than by numbers in single samples, and to determine whether chewing on either the preferred or the non‐preferred side influences the bacterial counts. Twenty‐five healthy subjects were included in the study. Two saliva samples were collected with a 1‐wk interval by chewing on a piece of sterile paraffin wax on the preferred side only. One month later this was repeated on the opposite side. In order to test if there were variations in the numbers of bacteria due to the laboratory methods, a paired cultivation of 20 samples was carried out. The results showed that the coefficients of variation (c.v.) for the differences between the individual double samples varied between 110 and 276% of the total mean of the double samples. The paired cultivation gave r valves for MS of 0.93 and for LB of 0.99. Using double samples did not increase the explanatory values for caries. There were higher explanatory values for caries on the preferred side than on the non‐preferred side, this being much more pronounced for lactobacilli than for mutans strep

ISSN:0909-8836    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0722.1995.tb00124.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The aim of the present study was to examine whether a long‐term use of chewing gum with xylitol as the only sweetener would affect sorbitol metabolism in dental plaque. Ten test subjects used xylitol‐sweetened chewing gum for 12 weeks. Plaque was collected at three occasions; 1) Control plaque; 2) Test plaque I: plaque collected after 12 weeks of chewing xylitol‐containing chewing gum; 3) Test plaque II: sucrose‐stimulated plaque collected 2 d after Test plaque I was collected. Plaque suspensions were incubated with [14C]sorbitol, and uptake of sorbitol and production of sorbitol metabolites were determined by HPLC. Plaque formation and sorbitol uptake were significantly

ISSN:0909-8836    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0722.1995.tb00125.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In this study the main purpose was to investigate the effect of altered masticatory function on the shape and inclination of the articular surface of the glenoid fossa, and on the growth of the mandible in the rabbit. The maxillary and mandibular molars of 14, 10‐d‐old rabbits were ground down to the gingiva on the right side twice a week; 9 were controls. At age SO d all rabbits were killed, soft tissue of the heads was removed, and the measurements were made. The inclination of the articular surface of the glenoid fossa was shallower on both sides in the experimental group than in the controls; the difference was greater on the right side. There were dimensional and angular differences between right and left sides of the mandible and maxilla in the experimental animals. In conclusion, unilateral masticatory function was found to cause an asymmetric craniofacial growth. Furthermore, function has an effect on the shape of the glenoid fossa, especially on the balancing side, in conjunction with asymmetric funct

ISSN:0909-8836    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0722.1995.tb00126.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY