摘要:

Abstract –In 1973 and 1984 the caries status of 624 and 394 children, respectively, was recorded in an urban area of northern Tanzania where the water fluoride content was 2.0–3.5 ppm. Although slightly different scoring criteria were used, the data showed very low levels of caries, and little evidence of increases in caries experience over the 10‐yr period. The distribution of caries lesions was markedly skewed, such that a minority of individuals accounted for most of the caries. The levels of caries were low by international standards and equivalent to those found in children from low fluoride areas of Tan

ISSN:0909-8836    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0722.1988.tb01571.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract –Topical applications of 10 mM CuF2,10 mM CuSO4,or 20 mM NaF solutions were performed twice a day in hamsters infected withS. mutansand maintained on a high sucrose diet. Animals receiving the copper compounds exhibited lower plaque scores than control animals or animals treated with the NaF solution. The group receiving the CuF2solution showed a lower number ofS. mutansand a higher caries reduction than the groups treated with NaF or the non‐fluoride compound Cu

ISSN:0909-8836    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0722.1988.tb01572.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract –The aims of this investigation were: 1) to study the effects of zygosity and the type of cleft on dental age in pairs of twins concordant or discordant for oral clefts, 2) to compare dental age in the twins with that in a population of normal Finnish children, and 3) to study asymmetry in the formation of mandibular teeth with regard to zygosity and the type of cleft. Twenty‐two pairs of twins (8 mono‐ and 14 dizygotic) and one set of monozygotic triplets concordant or discordant for cleft lip (CL), cleft palate (CP), or both (CLP) were investigated. Four of eight mono‐ and 12 of 14 dizygotic pairs were discordant for clefts. An orthopantomogram of both twins was taken on the same day. In 7 of the 8 monozygotic (88%) and in 4 of the 14 dizygotic (29%) pairs, the dental age was the same in both twins. Of the 12 pairs discordant for clefts, the dental age of the twin with cleft was delayed in 5, advanced in 3, and the same in 4 compared with that of the twin without a cleft. The means of chronologic age and dental age were counted separately for the cleft subgroups and the non‐cleft (NONC) group. The dental age was advanced in the CL twins and in the NONC twins, and was the same as chronologic age in the CP twins, but it was delayed in the CLP twins. Asymmetric formation of the 14 mandibular teeth (mostly the second premolars) was encountered in 3 of 8 CLP, in 3 of 18 CP, in 1 of 16 NONC, and in none of 5 CL children. The great similarity in tooth formation among the monozygotic twins indicates strong genetic control of dental maturation in twins concordant and also discordant

ISSN:0909-8836    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0722.1988.tb01573.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract –Fluoride was added in increments to pooled whole saliva. The ionized calcium concentration was determined in the saliva and the salivary sediment after centrifugation. The maxima of the ion product with respect to calcium fluoride were for salivary sediment and saliva found at 15 mmol/l and 2.5 mmol/l of fluoride, respectively. The study indicated that calcium fluoride may precipitate in the plaque matrix during and after topical application of fluorid

ISSN:0909-8836    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0722.1988.tb01574.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract –Cervical abrasion and some factors related to oral hygiene habits and periodontal health were investigated in 250 subjects aged 21–60 yr. The subjects were considered dentally aware since they had visited their dentist on a regular basis over the past several years. A high occurrence rate of cervical abrasion was noted with 85% of subjects exhibiting at least one superficial lesion. Manifest or deep lesions, although less common, were present in 22% of subjects. Both prevalence and severity increased with age. The severity expressed as the mean number of lesions was 7.3 for the total sample. It increased significantly with calculus index, frequency of periodontal pockets, and reduction of the alveolar bone height. No significant associations were observed between abrasion and oral hygiene factors. It is concluded that cervical abrasion, although most likely related to toothbrushing, may not be synonymous with periodontal health. Ineffective toothbrushing may not only fail to prevent disease but may also cause cervical abras

ISSN:0909-8836    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0722.1988.tb01575.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract –Antacids are drugs of choice in the treatment of reflux esophagitis and peptic ulcer disease, where acid regurgitation may cause dental erosion. Since there are no specific preventive measures or effective treatment for erosions, the present study was made to assess whether the keeping of antacids in the mouth before swallowing would be beneficial with regard to their effect on mouth pH, after acidic challenge. Five healthy subjects formed the test panel. After measuring the acid binding capacity of all the antacid preparations in the Finnish market, the two most effective were selected for testing, one in emulsion form (Novaluzid), the other a tablet (Link). Acid regurgitation was mimicked by consuming a low‐pH (3.2) drink immediately before the antacid. Control series were made with the acidic drink only. Both the antacids were found to counteract totally the pH fall caused by the drink, when measured as changes in the tongue surface pH. The Novaluzid preparation was more effective than the Link preparation but the difference was not significant. It may be anticipated that patients suffering from acid regurgitations would benefit if they are counseled to keep their antacids in the mouth for a while before swallow

ISSN:0909-8836    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0722.1988.tb01576.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract –Ten patients with untreated juvenile periodontitis (JP) showing an increased generation rate of free oxygen radicals from their peripheral polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) as measured by luminol enhanced chemiluminescence (CL) were rechecked after treatment. The PMN cells from eight patients still reacted with higher CL after stimulation withStaph. aureusopsonized with autologous serum when related to pair‐matched controls. The increased CL was not caused by adsorption of serum factors from untreated JP patients when assayed with healthy PMN cells. The increased CL found in peripheral PMN cells from patients with JP thus depends very little on the disease activ

ISSN:0909-8836    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0722.1988.tb01577.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract –Previous studies have implied that chemotaxis defects, of neutrophil polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) can be found in approximately 75% of patients with juvenile periodontitis (JP). In the present study, the Leading Front (LF) method was used to study whether the chemotactic response of PMNs from JP‐patients differed from that of adult periodontitis (AP) patients and periodontally healthy control individuals (C). Sixteen JP‐patients, 21 AP‐patients, and 13 C‐individuals were studied. PMNs from each individual, and from a daily reference person were tested against three chemoattractants (N‐f‐Met‐Leu‐Phe (FMLP), casein (CA), bacterial chemotactic factor (BCF)) and a neutral buffer (Gey's solution (GEY)). Regardless of the test solution a greater difference among individuals could be observed in the JP‐group than in the other groups. Apart from this, there were no differences among the groups as regards CA, BCF, and GEY. However, with FMLP, the PMNs of the JP‐group had a significantly greater migration distance as compared to the other groups. This finding can probably be ascribed to the fact that the LF method detects other aspects of the PMN response than do the methods used for earlier studies of JP. The finding, in this study, of an enhanced PMN response in JP as regards FMLP may be a reflection of the presence of a non‐uniform PMN population whose composition in JP differs from t

ISSN:0909-8836    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0722.1988.tb01578.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract –The toxic, irritative, and sensitizing effects of topically applied sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS), dithranol triacetate (DTA), nonanoic acid in methyl‐ or propyl ester (NAM, NAP) in the buccal mucosa were investigated in a Sprague‐Dawley rat model. Semi‐quantitative evaluations of cellular infiltrates were performed in routine histologic preparations. The toxic potential was tested with 2% and 0.2% solutions. All substances, except 0.2% SLS, caused an increased cellularity, mainly of a mononuclear cell type. The low dose of NAM induced stronger inflammatory reactions than the high dose. Repeated applications of 2% solutions decreased the response compared to one application, except for NAM, where a clear irritative potential was observed. Pre‐exposure of dorsal skin prior to buccal painting resulted in an enhanced reaction to NAM and NAP, whereas no sensitizing capacity was noted in SLS or DTA in t

ISSN:0909-8836    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0722.1988.tb01579.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract –The distribution of3H‐labeled 2,4‐dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB) has been autoradiographically investigated in buccal mucosa after topical application to sensitized or nonsensitized rats. The rats were killed between 3 min and 24 h after challenge. No significant labeling pattern differences were found between plastic embedded and frozen sections. Surface epithelium was heavily labeled and labeled cells were observed in the lamina propria shortly (3–6 min) after application. These cells were clearly dendritic. Specific accumulation of hapten in epithelial Langerhans cells (LC) could not be clearly demonstrated. The connective tissue labeling gradually diminished and at 24 h post‐elicitation, remaining label could be detected only in the epithelial surfa

ISSN:0909-8836    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0722.1988.tb01580.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY