摘要:

Abstract —Strains of Streptococcus mutans with different surface hydrophobicity were examined for their ability to colonize and induce carious lesions in hamsters given a high sucrose diet. In. a short‐term experiment the hydrophobic strain GW showed almost an identical colonization pattern compared to the hydrophilic strain GW36. Streptomycin resistant variants of GW and GW36 implanted at a much slower rate than the parent strains. Differences in caries score were observed between the strains. The cariogenicity of the strains seemed to be dependent on early colonizat

ISSN:0909-8836    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0722.1988.tb01412.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract –A flow cell system was used to assess the effects of shear stress and temperature on adhesion and retention of oral microorganisms from unstimulated whole human saliva. The saliva passed between two parallel mounted test plates, prepared and calibrated to present a surface energetic state similar to that of natural teeth and most restorative materials. The initial attachment of microorganisms occurred at a constant flow rate of 1 ml/min. Microbiota and biofilm material associated with the surface after 15 min of exposure were then challenged by introducing a cell‐free rinsing fluid at increased flow rates. The remaining population was counted in a reflected light microscope and correlated to the calculated shear stress for each experiment. A reduction of 70–80% of attached microorganisms was seen after a 30‐fold increase of the detaching force. No statistically significant differences could be detected in the proportions of initially attached or the remaining cocci and rods. The experiments were conducted at two temperature levels, both within a physiologic range representative of the oral environment. Temperature did not significantly affect the total numbers of attached or retained microorganisms, within the range of 22–37° C. These findings demonstrate that non‐specific attachment and detachment processes are important in the initial stage of microbial adhesion. Although biologically specific adhesive interactions were not addressed in this study, the data suggest that these may occur only after a minimum contact time of non‐specifically surface as

ISSN:0909-8836    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0722.1988.tb01413.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract —The study comprised 544 persons aged 60 yr or more from two urban Residential Areas and one rural village (including a nursing home) of Beijing area. Overall, the sample accounted for 81% of the total population of elderly aged 60 yr or more in the village/areas so defined. Each person was examined for dental status, plaque, calculus, gingivitis, loss of attachment, pocket depth and tooth mobility. Edentulousness was seen in 0–29% of trie persons examined, depending on age and sex. The mean number of teeth present ranged from 6.9 to 23.9, depending on age, sex, and area. The oral hygiene was poor; approximately 50% of all surfaces had immediately visible plaque deposits and calculus. About 50% of the surfaces had a loss of attachment ≥4 mm, while less than 15% presented pockets ≥4 mm. More than 50% of the individuals had loss of attachment ≥4 mm on more than 40% of their surfaces. The proportion of surfaces per person with loss of attachment ≥7 mm; and pockets ≥4 mm, respectively, showed a pronounced skewed distribution. These findings indicate that a subfraction of individuals is responsible for a substantial proportion of the severe periodontal breakdown leading to loss of teeth. This, in turn, raises important questions as to the most appropriate strategies for the prevention and control of periodontal diseases for the Chine

ISSN:0909-8836    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0722.1988.tb01414.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract —Data accumulated in one methodological and two longitudinal clinical studies employing the periapical index (PAI) scoring system were analyzed to assess the usefulness and reliability of the PAI system. More than 93% of pairs of PAI scores were either identical or deviated from each other with one step only for intra‐ and interexaminer agreement in scoring the same radiograph as well as for intraexaminer agreement in scoring two radiographs of the same root Untreated roots which on completion of the longitudinal studies were judged to have healthy periapices, were scored as diseased less than 3% of the time during the study. Diseased teeth were scored as healthy less than 7% of the time. The results suggest that the PAI scoring system may be used with a high degree of reliabil

ISSN:0909-8836    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0722.1988.tb01415.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract —Large interindividual variations have been demonstrated when dentists suggest clinical management of endodontically treated teeth. Since variations also have been shown in radiographic diagnosis of the periapical tissues, a hypothesis was tested that explains variation in treatment as a function of variation in diagnosis. Fifty‐four general practitioners suggested diagnosis and management of 32 endodontically treated roots. Spearman's rank correlation coefficient reached 0.298 when the examiners were definitely sure of the presence of a periapical lesion, and 0.356 when probable lesions also were included. Conclusively, the hypothesis seemed to have a limited value in explaining why dentists carry out retreatment. Instead a multi‐aspect approach to this problem is sugg

ISSN:0909-8836    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0722.1988.tb01416.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract —The aim of this study was to investigate the seroprevalence of antibody to human papilloma virus (HPV) among Danish dentists in order to determine whether this virus constitutes an occupational hazard for dentists. Serum samples from 452 Danish dentists were tested for antibody against a common capsid antigen to HPV by a complement fixation reaction. Nine (2.0%) were seropositive. Dentists'odds ratio for seropositivity was after adjustment for age 0.6 (90% confidence interval: 0.3–1.4) compared to that of voluntary blood donors. In conclusion, Danish dentists do not seem to be at an increased risk of becoming infected with

ISSN:0909-8836    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0722.1988.tb01417.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract —The effects of timolol maleate on the secretion and composition of human saliva were studied in vivo. Eight healthy volunteers received orally 10 mg timolol maleate. Stimulated parotid saliva samples, resting whole saliva samples, and blood samples were collected immediately before and four times after the drug intake at intervals of 1 h. The levels of total protein, lysozyme, IgA, IgG and IgM, salivary peroxidase, myeloperoxidase, lactoferrin, amylase, thiocyanate (SCN‐), and hypothiocyanite (OSCN‐) were analyzed from saliva samples. Drug levels were measured both from parotid saliva and blood samples. Results were compared to the analyses of the samples collected in a similar way but without administration of any drugs. Decreased levels of total protein, lactoferrin, amylase, and salivary peroxidase were observed in parotid saliva after a single oral dose of timolol maleate. No such decrease was found in lysozyme, myeloperoxidase, SCN‐, OSCN‐, or immunoglobulins. Salivary flow rate was not significantly changed after drug intake. The results suggest that the β‐blocking drug may cause qualitative changes in the composition of saliva by inhibiting the synthesis and/or release of aci

ISSN:0909-8836    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0722.1988.tb01418.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract —This study reports the presence of oral mucosal lesions in 26 patients with acute leukemia during the initial weeks of treatment (induction period). For comparison, three groups of patients without malignant disorders (acute disorders, long‐term hospitalization, antibiotic treatment) were included. All patients were treated at the University Hospital of Umeå, Sweden. During the period of hospitalization hemorrhages were seen in 14 of the 26 patients with leukemia. No specific location was found. A correlation between presence of hemorrhages and low platelet counts was noted. Eighteen of the patients revealed ulcerations during the period. Ulcerations were predominantly found on the buccal mucosa, the lips, and the tongue. A tendency to an increase in the number and severity of ulcers was noted during the period of induction therapy. A correlation between presence of ulcers and low granulocyte counts was found. Candidiasis‐like changes were seen in eight of the patients with leukemia. Compared with the patients with leukemia the patients in the reference groups showed a low prevalence of oral mucosal l

ISSN:0909-8836    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0722.1988.tb01419.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract —Endurance tests of the masticatory system were performed in three different groups of healthy volunteers in order to investigate the relation between bite force and endurance time on different force levels. The subjects clenched a bite fork until exhaustion. Some tests were performed with and others without visual feedback of the exerted force. It was found that the subjects could sustain the maximal bite force practically at the same level during the recording time with visual feedback. The exerted force varied during the non‐feedback recordings and generally decreased on the forceful levels. The average endurance time increased at lower bite force levels and the relation between force and endurance time is described. The average integrated time‐force areas did not differ between the test levels. It is concluded that endurance tests, in the clinic may be performed on submaxirnal bite force l

ISSN:0909-8836    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0722.1988.tb01420.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract —Titanium and TCP‐coated implants were compared after insertion in the canine iliac crest. Observation time was 14 wk. Evaluation included pull‐out tests, energy dispersive X‐ray analysis, and histologic examination ofin situ, undemineralized implants. The TCP‐coated implants were more firmly attached to bone than were the titanium implants. The calcium/ phosphorus ratios around the titanium implants were higher than around the TCP‐coated implants. Both types of implants were closely surrounded by bone after a 14‐wk

ISSN:0909-8836    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0722.1988.tb01421.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY