摘要:

Several authors have proposed that hypocalcemia can interfere with amelogenesis, resulting in enamel aberrations. Therefore, the purpose of this investigation was to study the effects of a diet‐induced hypocalcemic state in young rats on enamel formation of the maxillary incisors. The experimental rats were fed a special diet, free from vitamin D and very low in calcium. The control rats were fed a normal diet. The experimental period was 3 wk. After termination, the blood analysis showed that the experimental rats had developed hypocalcemia with very low values of both total and ionized blood calcium. The experimental rats were smaller than their controls after 3 wk, with smaller skulls and teeth. At the light microscope level, the enamel and the ameloblasts did not seem to be affected, except in one rat, the smallest, which showed enamel hypoplasias in both maxillary incisors and a delayed increase of the mineral content during the maturation stage process. It is concluded that the hypocalcemic state induced did not greatly affect enamel formation. However, occasional enamel aberrations may occu

ISSN:0909-8836    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0722.1994.tb01464.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The purpose of this investigation was to study the relationship between low values of blood ionized calcium measured in the first days of life postpartum and the clinical and histologic appearance of enamel of primary teeth. Twenty‐five healthy children selected on the basis of optimality with known blood values of ionized calcium from the first days of life participated in a dental examination at the age of 5 yr. Twenty‐four of the children contributed one exfoliated tooth each, which was histologically examined. The infants had lower mean values of ionized blood calcium on days 1 and 3 than day 5 postpartum. Thirteen of the 25 children had enamel aberrations, mainly on one tooth each. The histologic examination showed normal overall enamel morphology. The neonatal line was present in all teeth, and these lines were mostly thin. The registered findings about the enamel morphology could not, in any case, be correlated with the measured values of neonatal blood ionized calc

ISSN:0909-8836    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0722.1994.tb01465.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

With the rat molar as a model, evidence is presented that dentin mineralization influences formation of acellular cementum. Formation of acellular cementum did not occur on the surface of experimentally induced unmineralized dentin. Instead, an atypical hyperplastic cementum was formed. The disturbance in acellular cementum formalion was permanent

ISSN:0909-8836    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0722.1994.tb01466.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The purpose of this study was to describe oral hygiene factors in infants and toddlers living in Sweden with special reference to caries prevalence at 2 and 3 yr of age and to immigrant status. The study was designed as a prospective, longitudinal study starting with 671 children aged 1 yr. At 3 yr, all the children were invited to a further examination. A total of 298 children, randomly selected from the original group, were also examined at 2 yr. The accompanying parent was interviewed about the child's oral health habits. Children who were free of caries at 3 yr had had their teeth brushed more frequently at 1 and 2 yr of age, had used fluoride (F)‐toothpaste more often at 2 yr of age, and had a lower prevalence of visible plaque at 1 and 2 yr of age than children with caries. Immigrant children had had their teeth brushed less frequently, had used less F‐toothpaste, and had a higher prevalence of visible plaque at 1 yr of age than nonimmigrant children. Early establishment of good oral hygiene habits and regular use of F‐toothpaste seem to be important for achieving good oral health in pre‐schoolc

ISSN:0909-8836    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0722.1994.tb01467.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The trial included 24 children (aged 2–7 yr) referred for dental treatment under general anesthesia, since conventional behavioral management methods had failed to achieve treatment acceptance. As an alternative, they received, on two separate occasions with “identical” dental treatment, conscious sedation by rectal administration of either midazolam (0.3 mg/kg body weight (bwt)) or midazolam (0.3 mg/kg bwt) plus ketamine (1.0 mg/kg bwt). This allowed a double‐blind, crossover design. The aims were to assess conscious sedation, combined with local anesthesia, as an alternative to general anesthesia, and further to evaluate the effects obtained by addition of a low dose of ketamine to rectally administered midazolam. The feasibility of dental treatment was rated as excellent or good for 16 of the 24 children when premedicated with midazolam, and for 18 of the 24 children when ketamine was added to midazolam. At least some treatment could be given to all children. Verbal contact was maintained with all children throughout both treatment sessions. The children were significantly less anxious when they arrived for the second session. Amnesia and drowsiness were significantly increased when ketamine was added to midazolam. The combination also tended to be more efficient in relief of anxiety and prevention of pain, but there were large variations in the children's responses to the drugs. Midazolam significantly reduced the blood oxygen level, but not with ketamine added. For most children, both regimens proved to be appropriate as alternatives to general anesthesia. From a pharmacologic point of view, the combination of midazolam and ketamine appears to be reasonable because 1) both drugs have sedative and amnestic properties, 2) ketamine adds an analgesic component, 3) midazolam counteracts the psychic side‐effects of ketamine, and 4) ketamine counteracts the depressive effects of midazolam on vital body functions (respiration and cir

ISSN:0909-8836    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0722.1994.tb01468.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

It is known that xylitol inhibits sorbitol metabolism in some bacteria in vitro. The effect of xylitol/sorbitol‐containing chewing gum on sorbitol adaptation of dental plaque was therefore examined. Ten subjects used this chewing gum for 12 wk, and plaque was collected before (control plaque) and after (test plaque) the exposure to sorbitol/xylitol. The metabolism of sorbitol by the plaque was examined withl4C‐labeled sorbitol, and the radioactive metabolites were detected by high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). A considerable individual variation in acid formation was found. The mean values of total acids in the test plaque increased, as compared with the control plaque. An adaptation of dental plaque to sorbitol thus occurred in spite of the presence of xylitol in the chewing gum. The concentration of acetic acid predominated over other acids in both the control and test plaques. The proportions of acids expressed in percentage of total acids differed only slightly. Thus, long‐term use of xylitol/sorbitol‐containing chewing gum did not eliminate the adaptation of dental plaque to

ISSN:0909-8836    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0722.1994.tb01469.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The present paper is a cross‐sectional microradiographic study. Postmortem hemimandibles were radiographed with a microfocal high‐resolution method. Microradiographic appearances of the feline periodontium are described and discussed. Mean relative alveolar bone support in clinically and histologically normal cats was 46.9%. Site‐specific alveolar bone support (ABS) was calculated twice (blind). The 95% confidence limits of the method error for one observation were estimated. Differences between two site‐specific measurements did not exceed ±2.72%. Microfocal radiography yielded valuable additional information about the feline periodontium and made it possible clearly to identify important dental and periodontal structures such as the CEJ (cementoenamel junction) and the bottom of infrabony

ISSN:0909-8836    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0722.1994.tb01470.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The retrocuspid papilla (RCP) is a poorly recognized entity. In one part of our study, we found 10 cases of lesions clinically compatible with RCP in 1150 consecutively examined patients. In another part of the study, we found 15 cases of RCP in more than 2000 consecutive cases of oral mucosal hyperplasia submitted as surgical biopsies during 1989–92. The lesions were situated in the attached gingiva, lingual to the two mandibular canines, often bilaterally. They were covered by normal pink mucosa with a size and a height each of 2–3 mm. Histologically, the RCP was a broad‐based, often downfolded hyperplasia, covered with a parakeratinized epithelium of normal thickness. The rete pegs were often elongated and blunt, frequently bent inward toward the center. The lamina propria was mostly composed of a loosely arranged, delicate, fibrous connective tissue. The lesions could be classified into two groups by the presence or absence of stellate and occasionally multinucleated fibroblasts. Immunohistochemical staining with an FXIIIa antibody disclosed a population of reactive spindle‐shaped cells, mainly localized in the connective‐tissue papillae. These cells may be of pathogenetic i

ISSN:0909-8836    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0722.1994.tb01471.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A total of 266 specimens was taken from oral mucosa or dentures of 88 patients with suspectedCandida‐infected oral mucosa. One‐third of the debris from each sample was cultured on Microstix‐Candida (C), strips, one‐third was cultured on Oricult‐N‐plates, and the rest was collected on glass plates and stained by the periodic acid‐Schiff (PAS) method. The PAS‐stained samples were analyzed under the light microscope for the presence ofCandidahyphae. The other samples (Oricult‐N or Microstix‐C) were studied visually, according to the manufacturer's recommendation. PAS‐stained specimens showed significantly less often positive results than those of the two culture methods. These data suggest that oral candidiasis may be incorrectly diagnosed if based upon results obtained with the culture methods. It is also possible that the PAS‐staining method yielded false negative findings. This possibility should always be considered, especially if other findings and symptoms disagree with th

ISSN:0909-8836    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0722.1994.tb01472.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Analysis and treatment of dental and medical factors that can cause burning mouth were performed in 25 consecutive patients according to a treatment protocol. The effect of the dental and medical treatment on the burning mouth was evaluated. The sick leave profile was presented. Apart from burning mouth symptoms, the patients reported several oral and general symptoms, such as gustatory changes, xerostomia, back and joint muscle pain, headache, and dizziness. The most common dental diagnoses were temporomandibular joint, masticatory, and tongue muscle dysfunction and lesions in the oral mucosa. The most common medical diagnoses were low serum iron and hypersensitive reaction to mercury. None of the patients tested exceeded the limit of 100 nmol Hg/l urine. Replacement of amalgam fillings was the most common dental therapy, followed by treatment of dysfunction in the masticatory system. Iron replacement was the most frequent medical treatment. The patients had over 50% more days per year sick leave than an age‐ and sex‐matched normal population. A follow‐up found that the burning mouth had disappeared in 32% of the patients. This study confirms the opinion that burning mouth is multicausal. Hypersensitive reaction to mercury was more frequent than expected, but replacement of amalgam fillings relieved burning mouth in only two of five such patients, and one of these two patients had hypersensitive reactions to both mercury and gold. One reason that so many patients continued to have burning mouth might have been neglect of dental, medical, or both diagnoses. Another reason might be that assessment of the psychologic status of the patients and psychologic treatment when indicated were not

ISSN:0909-8836    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0722.1994.tb01473.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY