ISSN:0959-8278    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2001

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0959-8278    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2001

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

High intake of fat and a low intake of foods rich in antioxidants and fibre are suggested to be associated with risk of colorectal adenomas. Inconsistency may, however, be due to dietary assessment problems or differences in the identification of cases and controls. We have compared 87 adenoma cases aged 50–76 years with 35 healthy controls and 35 ‘hospital’ controls. All the controls were matched for sex and age (±5 years) and proven to be free of polyps. Current habitual diet was measured by a 5‐day dietary record by weighing. Regarding the intakes of vegetable fat, protein, cholesterol, vitamin A, total vitamin D, edible fats, coffee and fish and fish products, the outcomes of the analysis depended upon the source of controls. However, an increased adenoma risk compared with either set of controls related to a low consumption of vegetables, cereals, iron, vitamin C and fibre and a high intake of total fat was found. This is suggestive of substantial differences, since bias due to abdominal symptoms, the dietary records or an inappropriate choice of controls, would have affected the estimations. The findings give further strength to the role of these dietary factors in the formation of precancerous lesions in the large intestine.

ISSN:0959-8278    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2001

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Over the past few decades, the incidence of cutaneous malignant melanoma has been rising in both sexes in almost all developed countries, notably those with fair-skinned populations. Detailed population-based time trend analyses of skin melanoma incidence and survival in Germany accounting for stage have not been published until now. We analysed skin melanoma data from the population-based Saarland Cancer Registry in Germany from 1970 to 1996. Incidence rates were age-standardized. We estimated 5-year disease-specific survival rates and evaluated the effects of sex, age, calendar period and staging on the prognosis in Cox's proportional hazards models. From 1970–1972 to 1994–1996, melanoma incidence increased 170% from 2.4 to 6.5 per 100 000 person-years among men and 150% from 2.4 to 6.0 per 100 000 person-years among women. Mortality rates peaked in 1988–1990. After 1988–1990, mortality rates declined among women and remained roughly constant among men. The increase in the incidence of localized melanoma and T1–T2 melanoma respectively is driving the overall incidence trend. The improvement of survival over time is most likely due to earlier detection of skin melanoma. In the 1990s, about 30% of all newly diagnosed skin melanoma had stage T3 or T4, implying that further improvement in survival by earlier detection is feasible.

ISSN:0959-8278    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2001

数据来源: OVID