摘要:

A description of the ‘Balance of Accounts’ or financial statements of the East India Company for presentation at a meeting of stockholders on 3 December 1783. The statement is unusual because it superseded an earlier, traditional statement and was arranged as a long report rather than the customary T‐account

ISSN:0001-3072    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-6281.1986.tb00127.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Those only speking English are confronted with considerable confusion regarding the precise nature of Fritz Schmidt's contribution to the GermanBetriebswirschaft(business economics) movement during the 1920s. The similarity between his theory and theBedrijfseconomietheory attributed to Theodore Limperg has also been less than clear. The primary cause is that their repective works have not been translated from the original German and Dutch and published in English. This paper draws upon translations to illustrate the substantial similarity between the accounting content of Schmidt'sBetriebswirtschaftand that of Limperg'sBedrijfseconomie. Translatio of the 1951 biography of Schmidt by his student and then colleague, publications are contained in Appendix B. Contrary to some perceptions of Schmidt's work, he did address the general price level problem in his theory. And contrary to Limperg's criticism that Schmidt's mechanism for adiusting accounts for prifce and brice level changes was‘incident specific’, it was an integral part of a theory of business economics which appears to have been at least as comprehensive as Limperg's theory ofBedrijfsecono

ISSN:0001-3072    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-6281.1986.tb00128.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThis paper reviews the history of financial reporting by corporate groups in Australia, and in particular, the States of New South Wales and Victoria. Changes in Statutory and Stock Exchange rules governing consolidated reporting are described and the financial reporting practices of Australian holding companies between 1930 and 1962 are surveyed. The evidence indicates that (a) while the practice was not widespread, some Australian holding companies supplemented their financial statements with consolidated financial statements prior to the incorporation of such a requirement in either legislation or Stock Exchange listing requirements; (b) the influence of Stock Exchanges on the evolution of this practice is somewhat less than that previously attributed to it; and (c) the rapid spread of this form of reporting in an essentially unregulated environment (N.S. W.) coincided with the development of a market for public debt securities.

ISSN:0001-3072    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-6281.1986.tb00129.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Watts and Zimmerman, in a widely acclaimed article, concluded that accounting theories serve to supply excuses for policies determined by political processes. This paper presents a critical review of Watts and Zimmerman's hypothesis, and in return, suggests that the academic reward system in the leading universities does not encourage that kind of activity. The alternative hypothesis is that there are two markets, one for excuses and the other for scholarly research.

ISSN:0001-3072    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-6281.1986.tb00130.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

There have been suggestions that loan officers do not consider there is a problem in the availability of alternative revenue recognition methods, provided that sufficient disclosure of recognition procedures is made to enable adjustment of financial statements. On the other hand, the accounting literature on‘functional fixity’ suggests such adjustments are not made. The functional fixity literature has relied exclusively on testing for an accounting method effect on user predictions and decisions. As a result, the evidence can be interpreted as users being fixated on earnings and ignoring information about accounting methods or alternatively they may have given attention to that information and attempted a transformation although the extent of the adjustment was‘inadequate’. This paper suggests that the previous evidence on functional fixity is inconclusive about lenders’ suggestions that they adjust financial statements and that different actions may be required by lending institutions depending on which interpretation of the functional fixity literature is made. This study uses the joint methodologies of analysis of variance and protocol analysis to focus on both whether adjustments are made as well as whether alternative methods of recognizing profit from longterm contracts affect the judgements of experienced lenders. The results show that the majority of subjects did not attempt to adjust for alternative methods of recognizing

ISSN:0001-3072    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-6281.1986.tb00131.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The earliest treatise on accounting is generally thought to be Pacioli's Summar of 1494. The Bahi‐khata is a double‐entry system of bookkeeping that predates the ‘Italian’ method by many centuries. Its existence in India prior to the Greek and Roman empires suggests that Indian traders took it with them to Italy, and from there the double‐entry system spread through Europe. The Bahi‐khata is described and its double‐entry princip

ISSN:0001-3072    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-6281.1986.tb00132.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0001-3072    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-6281.1986.tb00133.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY