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CXIV.--Ho2o Mercurous and Mercuric Scclls change into each other. By SEIHACHI HADA, B.Sc. (Japan). NOTWITHSTANDIKG the numerous investigat'ions of the change o€ mer- curous salts into mercuric and the converse, in the absence of oxidising or reducing agents, but little is known of the way in which these changes come about. The work recorded in this paper proves that in such cases all mercurous salts dissociate into mercury and mercuric salts ; and reciprocally, under similar conditions, a1 I mexxmic salts combine with mercury forming mercurous salts, a view held by Rose so strongly that he denied the existence of any precipitated basic mercurous salts, considering them as mixtures of mercuric basic salt with mercury. Dec3mposition of mercurous salts into mercury and mercuric salts increases with rise of temperature, and only progresses freely so long as the mercury set free is continuously removed from the field ; and, conversek, combination of mercuric salts with mercury only becomes complete in presence of excess of the metal and at lower tempera- tures, unless the mercurous salt, produced is insoluble, as in the case of the chloride.Dissociation of mercurous salts into mercury and mercuric salts in the presence of water is caused not only by an elevated temperature, but also by light, even at the ordinary temperature, and apparently in all salts. Further it will be shown that some mercurous salts are oxidisable by air in presence of water when the temperature is much above 100". It has been found also that mercui-ous nitrate becomes a mercuric salt spontaneously in presence of water.Moreover, either in a few hours at 150°, or at the ordinary temperature in strong daylight, a large fraction of the mercurous salt may become mercuric without separation of mercury, being converted into mercuric nitrite and nitrate, the traces of nitrous acid generated by the heat or light start- ing the action. Mercuiy Nitrates. Conversion of alereuric A7iitrate i d o Mercurous Nitrate.-Although Barfoed mentioned the fact that mercuric nitrate solution dissolves finely divided mercury (" The Behaviour of Mercurous Salts with Soda," in Danish, 1853, J . p r . Chem., lSSS), it does not appear to be known that a solution of mercuric nitrate shaken violently for a very short cime with large excess of mercury is eutirely converted into one of mercurous nitrate.This simple method of pi-eparhg a solution1668 HADA : HOW MEICCUROUS AND MERCURIC SALTS of mercurous nitrate free from nitrous acid has been in use in this laboratory for years. Stability oj' nlemirous Nitrate.-Before treating of the ways in which mercurous nitrate passes into mercuric nit rate, something has to be said as t o its stability. It is a matter of common observa- tion that mercurcus nitrate kept for some time becomes yellow; but this I find is not true of the carefully prepared salt. As Marignac pointed out (1849), the crystals usually enclose mother liquor, but if this is thoroughly removed from the crushed crystals by pressing them between filter paper and drying them in a desiccator, the salt is obtained in a stable condition.A solution of mercurous nitrate, free from nitrous acid and kept in a closed vessel, appears to be quite stable if kept in the dark. Well cleaned and effloresced mercurous nitrate, if kept in a bottle, bas always a peculiar ozone-like odour, Decomposition of Me?-curous Nityate h y Water.-Normal mercurous nitrate, carefully freed from acid mother liquor, is decomposed by water leaving basic mercurous nitrate. The statements in hand-books that the salt dissolves completely in a little warm water arises, no doubt, from its not having been freed from acid mother liquor. The precipitate of basic salt, even if kept for some hours in an open ve3sel under the mother liquor at or about looo, but not in a strong light, still remains essentially free from mercuric salt.Dissociation of Mei-curous Nitrate by Heat and by Light.-The dis- sociation of mercurous nitrate at the ordinary temperature in the absence of light, if it goes onat all, is so slight as to escape detection. About 1 gram of normal hydrated mercurous nitrate, free both from metallic mercury and from mercuric nitrate, and 10 C.C. of water were put into an Erlenmeyer flask furnished with a reflux condenser, and kept immersed in boiling water, a current of carbon dioxide being passed through the apparatus st) as to exclude air ; before very long a lustrous, very thin film of mercury could be seen in the lower part, of the condenser, which became a coating of globules in two hours, when the heating was stopped, The basic salts in the flask were the11 dissolved in a little very dilute nitric acid, their soliition being quickly poured off from the mercury and added t o the main quantity of solution.The mercury was weighed dong with that removed from the CoiTdenser, the mercuroiis salt in the solution precipitated as chlo- ride by sodium chloride, and the mercuric salt in the filtrate estimated as sulphide. The mercuric sulphide corresponded with 0.0378 gram of mercury, whilst that obtained as metal weighed 0.0392 gram, the two weights being the same within the limits of experimental error. A similar experiment was made, the solution being kept in gentleCHANGE INTO EACH OTHER. 1669 ebullition, but no carbon dioxide was passed through the apparatus, the steam of the boiling solution being relied on to keep out air.The mercury found as mercuric salt weighed, this time, 0.0913 gram, and that as metal 0.0946 gram. In a third experiment just enough nitric acid was added (included in the 10 c.c.) to keep all the mercurous salt in solution ; the mercury volatilised was 0.0345, and that present as mercuric nitrate 0*0415, the latter being probably not more than equivalent to the metallic mercury, if all had been collected, only 7 milligrams being wanted. Three parallel experiments were then made, the flasks being heated in boiling water during eight hours, carbon dioxide being passed through the first (I), and a gentle current of air through the other two (I1 and 111) ; just enough nitric acid to prevent the precipita- tion of basic salt> was added to the contents of the third flask (111).The results were (in grams) I. 11. 111. Metallic mercury . . . . . . 0.1191 0.1195 0.1104 Mercury as mercuric salt 0.1213 0.1202 0.1065 In these experiments, one-third of the mercurous nitrate had decomposed into mercuric nitrate and metal in I and 11, and nearly as much in 111, where nitric acid had been added. Further, no sensible oxidation of mercurous nitrate by air or nitric acid had taken place. Proust (1816) appears to have known that on boiling a solution of mercurous nitrate, mercury volatilised with the steam ; but the fact of t,he volatilisation of mercury appears in none of the modern chemi- cal dictionaries or hand-books. Rose's views (Annalen, 1841, 39, 106) have already been referred to; he is clear on the point that mercuroiis nitrate when continuously boiled with water becomes mer- curic nitrnte and mercury, but he thought that the insoluble salt formed when mercurous nitrate is treated with water contained both mercury and mercuric nitrate, which is not the case.Although it has not been experimentally proved that mercurous nitrate in cold solution is dissociated by the action of light, it may be mentioned that exposure to bright daylight soon darkens basic mercurous nitrate, as it lies under the mother liquor ; and a similar effect observed in the case of some other mercurous salts is certainly due to dissociation. Oxidation of Mercurous Nitrate by Oxygen at 150°.-Three experi- ments were made using 1 gram of mercurous nitrate in each case. In I this was heated at 1-50' for six hours, with water (10 c.c.), in a sealed tube, the air in which had been displaced by oxygen.Much of the oxygen was absorbed, and 6.5 per cent. of the mercurous nitrate converted into mercuric salt, this was partly in solution, partly VOL. LXIX. 5 u1670 HADA: HOW MERCUROUS AND MERCURIC SALsTS in the form of brilliant, yellow crystals of basic salt (mercurous and mercuric). Experiment I1 was the same as I, except that all the salt was in solution in nitric acid of 1 per cent. More than 28 per cent. of the mercurous salt became mercuric nitrate. Much oxygen was absorbed, but no nitric acid reduced. In 111, mercurous nitrate was heated at 150', with water only, for five hours, in an atmosphere of carbon dioxide. It underwent no change beyond slight dissociation, the dissociation in the sealed tube being impeded by the retention of the mercury vapour.In these experiments it is possible that the nitric acid may have acted to a small extent as a carrier of oxygen, but as other mercurous salts are also oxidisable at 150', this may be left out of consideration. Nercurous Nitrate not sensibly Oxidised by Air at Lower Tempera- tures.-As experiments made long ago by Mialhe have been accepted as establishing the oxidisability of wet mercurous chloride by air at only a slight elevation of temperature, a modification of his experi- ment was made in order to test the point in the case of mercurous nitrate. Three experiments were made as follows :-Two small flasks were employed ; one (A) of these being closed by a cork, whilst' the other (B) was provided with a reflux condenser and a tube to pass carbon dioxide through the solution.In I, the two flasks ( A and B) each containing 1.5 grams of mercurous nitrate, and 15 C.C. of water, were placed side by side in an oven, and heated for about 45 hours at a temperature OE 45-47', carbon dioxide being continually bubbled through the mixed solution and precipitate in one of the flasks. In IT, each flask contained 2 grams of mercurous nitrate, 20 C.C. of water, and st little dilute acid, the temperature being 45-50Oand the time 75 hours. Experiment 111 was like I1 except that the temperature was 20- 30' and the time 50 hours. The quantity of mercury sulphide obtained from the mercuric salt produced was determined in each experiment. The following are the results, A being the closed flask containing air, and B the one through which the carbon dioxide was passed.Mercuric A . * . . . . . . 0.0040 gram 0.0082 gram. sulphide { B . . . . . . 0.0107 ,, 1. 11. 0-0276 ,, I n Experiment I, the amount of mei*curic sulphide in B is Z$ times what it is in A, whilst in I1 it is nearly 3k times as great, In 111 the quantities of mercuric sulphide were too.small'to weigh, but the blacking produced by hydrogen sulphide in B was far greater thanCHANGE INTO EACH OTHER. 1671 in A. This effect is, no doubt, due to the current of inactive gas carrying off mercury vapour. Mercurous Nitrate changed by Heat and by Light to Me?.cun'c Salt by Redwtion of Nitric acid. Action of Heat.-In a sealed tube and in an atmosphere of carbon dioxide, 1 gram of mercurous nitrate, dissolved in 10 C.C. of one per cent.nitric acid, and kept at 150' for five hours, was found to be largely converted into mercuric salt, some of the nitric acid being reduced to nitrous acid. Action of Light.-One gram of mercurous nitrate dissolved in 10 C.C. of one per cent. nitric acid was put into each of a number of small Erlenmeyer flasks, some closely sealed, and others having the mouth covered with filter paper. Most, of these were exposed to strong daylight, the rest being kept in the dark; other flasks containing mercurous nitrate with water alone were also exposed to light. The contents of the flasks were examined at the expiration of 19 days and 33 days respectively. In every case where the flask had been exposed to light, much nitrous acid and mercuric salt had been formed, whilst those which had been kept, in the dark had suffered no change after 19 days, and even after 33 days the amount was insignificant, notwithstanding that the place where the flasks had been kept was far from being absolutely dark.In these closed flasks, the mercuric radicle was found to be half as great again in 33 days as in open one. Evidently, therefore, asrial oxidation plays no sensible part in the conversion of mercurous nitrate into mercuric nitrate. Oxygen would seem, indeed, to impede the conversion in the absence of basic salt, for, at the end of 19 days, the conversiDn t o mercuric salt was half as great again in a closed flask in which the air had been replaced by carbon dioxide, as it was in a closed flask containing air.On the otber hand, in a flask containing 2 grams of mercurous nitrate and 10 C.C. of water, there was found, at the end of 19 days, a quantity of mercuric radicle just, the sanie, whether the atmosphere were one of oxygen or of carbon dioxide; a similar result was obtained after 33 days' exposure in atmospheres of carbon dioxide and air respectively. Some of the flasks employed had each a bent tube of considerable diameter passing through the cork, and, at its outer end, dipping into a, vessel of mercury. The effect was striking where the experiment lasted for 33 days. Whether the atmosphere was air or carbon dioxide, the production of mercuric radicle was only two-thirds in this mercurial atmosphere of what it was in a non-mercurial atmosphere.Some- The influence of mercury vapour was also studied. 5 u 21672 HADA: HOW MERCUROUS AND MERCURIC SALTS what similar, but less marked, results were obtained where the exposure lasted only 19 days. The inhibitory effect of mercury vapour is the same as that of free exposure to the open air, the reason being that the nitrous acid, produced by the action of light SO slowly as it is, gets diffused away on exposure to air, or removed by the memuray vapour, and its accu- mulation impeded. It mnst be remembered that, in these sollations the amount of free nitrous acid present must always be very minute, a consideration which will explain the resemblance between the effect of the action of mercury vapour and that oE free exposure to air.Experiments of this kind must all be made together, differences in temperature and, above all, in the intensity of the daylight, having a marked effect. The numbers in the table are the quantities of mercury found as mercuric salt, 0.7143 gram being the tot'al mercury present in each flask (or twice that where 2 grams of mercurous nitrate were taken instead of 1 gram). The results are appended in a tabular form. With nitric acid : Open ................. Closed, air. ........... Closed, air, mercury.. .. Carbon dioxide ........ Carbon dioxide, mercury Oxygen". ............. Oxygen, in darkness . , . Oxygen, mercury". .... May 21st- June 23rd. 0.0377 0.0543 0.0363 0.0542 0.0383 0.0247 0.0181 0.0042 May 21st- July 3rd- June 9th. July 23rd.- - 0.0146 0,0368 0*0158 - 0.0240 - 0.0201 0.0285 0.0324 lost - 0~0000 - - Without nitric acid : Oxygen (2 grams salt to - 10 c.c.) ............. 0,0680 0.0222 Mercury Xukhates. Conversion of Mercuric to Mercurous Xu1phate.-It is well known that mercuric sulphate and mercury, when rubbed together and moistened with water or alcohol and a little sulphuric acid, combine readily, but the process, although of great theoretical importance, is not a convenient one for the preparation of pure mercurous sulphate. Decomposition of Mercurous Sulphate by Water.--It is familiar to every chemist that, whereas mercuric sulphnte turns bright yellow on contact with water, mercurous sulphate remains white, even when f The result8 obtained in oxygen are too marked to be relied on, and need con- 6:rmation ; one analysis wae spoiled.CHANGE INTO EACH OTHER.I673 trashed. When mercurous sulphate is precipitated from a solution of mercurous nitrate free from mercuric salt and nitrite, by adding to it dilute sulphuric acid, and then well washed, a white precipitate is obtained, bui, if this is well shaken twice successively with 1000 parts of distilled water, i t becomes of a clear, though light, yellow. Decomposition of Mercurous Xulphate by Light and hy Heat.--In the experiments just described, light must be excluded, as mer- curous sulphate, when moist, becomes dark brown in a strong light, and that which has become yellow by treatment with much water becomes first greenish, and then dark brown. It seems safe to assume that these colour chaDges are due to dissociation of the mercurous salt into mercuric salt and mercury or n hypomercurous salt.As the efl'ect is only superficial, it is too slight to admit of its nature being ascertained. When the sulphate is boiled with water for some hours, mercurous sulphate is converted, to a small extent, into basic mercuric sulphate, mercury, and sulphuric acid. The mercury was got as a sublimate, the water became acid, and the undissolved sulphate yielded some mercuric chloride when treated with hydrochloric acid. Oxidation of Mercurous Xulphnte a t 150°.-Heated for six hoars in oxygen, with water and a little sulphuric acid, in a sealed tube at 150°, 1 gram of mercurous sulphate gave no mercury, but 0.0121 gram mercuric radicle, indicating the oxidation of 1.5 per cent.of the mei-curous sulphate. Owing t o its insolubility, much of the sulphate is kept out of contact with the oxygen, and is not acted on, the same being t'rue of the phosphate and chloride. Rose observed the dissociation of mercurous sulpha.te by boiling it for a long time with much water. Mercwy Phosphates. Conremion qf Mercuric into Mercurous Phosphate.-Moist mercuric phosphate, tritmrated with its equivalent of mercury, unites with it, growing warm, and becomes mercurous phosphate, at all events for the most part. Moist mercurous phosphate is darkened by light. No attempt was made tJo decompose it by cold water. Dissociation of 2CIercurozis Phosphate by Beat.-Mercurous phos- phate was obtained by adding a solution of mercurous nitrate to a good excess of sodium phosphate solution acidified with nitric acid ; the precipitate was then washed and dried on a tile.When this salt is boiled for six hours, a small sublimate of mercury was obtained and the phosphate became pale yellow from the presence of basic salt ; the liquid was acid and contained both mercuric and mercurous phosphates dissolved in phosphoric acid, or as acid phosphates. Rose got very similar results, and Gerhardt observed thah mercurous1674 HADA: HOW MERCUROUS AND MERCURIC SALTS phosphate when heated dry is converted into mercuric phosphate and mercury. Oxidation of Mercurous Phosp7zate.-When heated at 150" in oxygen, mercurous phosphate was oxidised to much the same extent as the sulphate. Mercury Acetates. Conversion of Mercuyic into Mercuyous Acetate.-A cold dilute solution of mercuric acetate shaken violently with much mercury is readily and rapidly converted into mercurous acetate ; Lefort (Annalen, 1845, 56) states that it requires long boiling to effect the change, which is incorrect, as mercurous acetate dissociates easily.Dissociation of Mercurous Acetate by Heat and by Light.--It has long been known that mercurolis acetate yields a little mercury when its solution is boiled. Berthemot (1848) definitely states that mercurous acetate is partly decomposed by boiling water into mercury which separates and mercuric acetate which dissolves. I find that mercurous acetate dissociates so freely when boiled with water, that the mercury not only volatilises with the steam,but collects in globules under the solution.Both the portion of the salt which remains undissolved and also that which ci-ystallises out on cooling are mixtures of normal and basic mercurous acetates, the mother- liquor containing much mercuric acetate. The addition of acetic acid before boiling does not sensibly affect the dissociation, though it prevents the formation of basic salt. Vogel has stated that sugar boiled with mercurous acetate yields mercury, but I find that the presence or absence of cane sugar makes no difference. Comparative experiments made with 1 gram of mercurous acetate in 10 C.C. of water and in 10 C.C. of B strong sola- tion of sugar, raised to the boiling point and then cooled, gave 0.0627 gram and 0.0612 gram of mercuric sulphide respectively. It is known that mercurous acetate is very sensitive to light.Some exposed under water t o sunlight for four days, was strongly blackened, and the solution contained mercuric acetate. In a com- parative experiment where light was excluded, the mercurous acetate was scarcely changed in colour. Oxidatiow, of Mercurous Acetate.-When mercurous acetate is heated a t 150" with water and oxygen in a sealed tube for some hours, mnch of the oxygen is absorbed and mercuric acetate formed. Only a little of the metal separates. Mercury Perchlorates, Oxalu tes, and Caybonate. With regard to the perchlorates (see Chikashigk, Trans., 1895, 67, It is known that mercurous oxalate when heated at 100' 1013). changes partly into mercury and mercuric oxalate.CHANQE INTO EL4CH OTHER. 1675 The decomposition of mercurous carbonate is so intimately con- nected with that of the oxide, tihat it will be noticed in that con- nec tion.Mercury Chlorides. Conversion of Merczcric into Jferctwozcs ChloYide.-A solution of mercuric chloride, when shaken with a large excess of mercury, is quickly converted into mercurous chloride ; the conversion, how- ever, cannot be completed in the presence of much alkali chloride. This process is not, indeed, well adapted to the preparation of mercurous chloride, but' as a mode of its formation, is only second in scientific importance to the union of chlorine with mercury. Dissociation of Mercurous Chloride by Heat.-The experiments on the dissociation o f mercurous chloride were carried out in a manner closely resembling those made on the nitrate. 1 gram o f freshly precipitated mercurous chloride in 10 C.C.water was heated in a flask immersed in boiling water ; it gave a sublimate of mercury in the coudensei* tube, and mercuric chloride was found in the solution. The results are given in the table. I n Experiment I, a current of sir was passed during the time of heating which was 7 hours. In 11, a current of carbon dioxide was used insbead of one of air, whilst in Experiment 111, a little hydrochloric acid was added to the water, and a current of air was used, the time of heating being 8 hours. I n Experiments IV and V, n dilute solution of potassium chloride was used instead of water. In IV, air was passed, and in V, carbon dioxide, the heating being 6 hours in both cases. The effect of the potassium cb loride on the dissociation was marked.I. 11. 111. IV. v. sublimed .. .. . . . . 0.08 0.08 0.1305 0.1763 0.16 salt . . . . . , . . . . . . . 0.0983 0*1008 0.1307 0.1923 0.1823 Metallic mercury Mercury as mercuric In all these experiments minute globules of mercury were visibly mixed with the mercurous chloride, accounting for the deficiency in weight of the sublimed mercury. The results of the carbon dioxide experiments show that little? if any, oxidation could have occurred in the air experiments. Xerczcrous Chloride not changed by Boililzg Water except that it slowly disappears as Mercury and Hercuric Chloride.--If shaded from day- light and contained in a porcelain or hard glass vessel, mercurous chloride may be boiled with distilled water, as long as any of it remains, without suffering any change in appearance or composition.Simon and Ginboch both noticed that when mercurous chloride is1676 HADA: HOW MERCUROUS AND MERCUHIO SALTS boiled with water in an open vessel, it disappears very slowly, the undissolved portion consisting of unaltered mercurous chloride. Notwithstanding statements to t'he contrary, there is no evidence whatever that in the decomposition of mercurous chloride into mer- curic chloride which takes place when it is boiled with dilute hydro- chloric acid, any oxidation takes place, dissociation fully accounting for all the facts observed. i\iIialhB found that mercurous chloride gave more mercuric chloride in an open vessel than in one which was closed; this was, no doubt, due t o the fact that dissociation could proceed in the former case, whereas the retention of the mercury vapour in the closed vessel stopped it, as is shown by what follows.Mercurous Chloride not seiasibly Oxidised at Lower Temperatures.- MialhB's experiments were repeated with the crucial modification of using a current of carbon dioxide instead of air, the method being precisely like that employed in the case of mercurous nitrate (p. 1670). The two flasks were heated at about 50' for 45 hours. The result was less marked than in the case of the nitrate, the mercuric chloride produced being exceedingly small in quantity. The water from the flask through which carbon dioxide had been passed gave a marked hlackening with hydrogen sulphide, whilst that which contained air and had been kept closed, gave only a moderate browning.This confirms MialhB's results, in so far as i t shows that much more mer- curic salt is produced in a current of gas than in a closed space. Oxidation of Jlercurous Chloride at 150°.-Although mercurous chloride is not sensibly oxidised by air at temperatures as high as 100' at least, it is readily oxidised at 150"; when heated with water for six hours in an atmosphere of carbon dioxide, in a sealed tube, there was scarcely any change, dissociation being hindered by the retention of the niercury vapour. Using a 3.7 per cent. solution of hydrochloric acid and a 6.5 per cent. solution of potassium chlor- ide instead of water, there wits a small amount of dissociation into mercury aud mercuric salt.Very different were the results when the air of the tube had been displaced by oxygen before sealing ; the amount of metallic mercury under these circumstances W R S very small, but much mercuric salt was formed. When water alone was used, and the heating lasted six hcurs, the mercuric chloride was found partly in solu- tion, and partly as brown, brilliant, micaceous scales of oxychloride. When the water contained hydrochloric acid in one case and potas- sium chloride in another, in the proportions given abow, all the mer- curic salt was found in the solution. In all cases there had been a large absorption of the oxygen. In presence of hydrochloric acid, using 1 gram of mercurous chloride, as much as 47.5 per cent. became mercuric chloride, whilst in the potassium chloride solutionCHASGE INTO EACH OTHER.1677 it was 19 per cent. ; in the latter experiment the solution was strongly alkaline. I n another experiment, where it was heated with 50 C.C. of the 3.7 per cent. of hydrochloric acid during 10 hours, 60 per cent. of the mercurous chloride was changed into mercuric chloride. I n the potassium chloride experiment, there was more dissociation than when hjdrochloric acid was used, as shown by the greater sepa- ration of mercurg . Memury Bromides a d Iodides. No new experiments upon the bromides and iodides seemed called for, it having becn proved that mercurous bromide dissociates in h o t solutions of alkali bromides, and mercurous iodide decomposes in solution of potassium iodide, also that the latter may be formed by rubbing mercury and mercuric iodidc together.i3Ierciwous Oxide and Carbonate. It has long been known that mercurous oxide decomposes nwre or less a t t,he common temperature into mercuric oxide and mercury, and i n 2883 Barfoed proved that the black substance produced by the action of alkalis on mercurous salts is, a t first, real mercurous oxide for the most part, although almost a t the moment of its production, it contains metallic mercury and, therefore, mercuric oxide. When freely exposed to the air, metallic mercury volntilises, the mercurous oxide also gradually disappears, and, finally, nothing but mercuric oxide remains, the mezwmous oxide, no doubt, continuing to decom- pose into mercury and mercuric oxide. I made two experiments by exposing mercurous oxide in cold, dry weather to the air, i n open vessels.The average increase in weight per diem was (1)-0*025 per cent., and (2) 0.023 per cent. ; this rate of increase, which represented the joint, effect of gain of oxygen and loss of mercury, though not very regular, did not become less towards the end of the exposure than it was on the first days. In a third experiment the oxide was spread orer it glass dish, after it was thoroughly dry. I n a desiccator it decreased in weight, but only 0.001 per cent. in 13 days, which seenis to prove that dry mei-curous oxide does not oxidise in dry air. The same portion was then exposed freely to cold, dry air for 14 days, during which time it lost in weight a t the rate of 0.004 per cent. per diem, as t'he combined result of loss of mercury and gain of oxygen.The oxidation of mercurous oxide is, therefore, a very slow proccss. So far as can be ascertained, this oxide is the only mercury compound t'hat does oxiclise a t the common temperature, or even a t 100'. Aferczcrozu carbonate is formed when moist mercurous oxide is1678 MERCUROUS AXD JIERCURIC SALTS. exposed to carbon dioxide gas (Barfoed). I n the air it slowly decom- poses into carbon dioxide, mercury, and mercuric oxide. Noit-existence of ikIerczcrous S!( Zphide. English authorities agree in stating that when mercurous nitrate is added to excess of hydrogen sulphide, it yields mercurous snlphide, which begins at once to decompose, yielding a mixture of mercurous and mercuric sulphides, with metallic mercury. Continental writers generally have accepted Barfoed's experiments, showing that hydro- gen sulphide at once converts a mercurous salh into mercury and mercuric sulphide, and therefore that mercurous sulphide has no existence.* I find that if the black precipitate produced by hydrogen sulphide in mercurous nitrate solution is digested with cold, nitric acid, itl quickly begins to whiten, being converted into mercuric-sulphide- nitrate. Moi-eover, if the moist precipitake is washed on a filter several times successively with small quantities of nitric acid of sp. gr. 1.2, the mercury cannot be completely separated from the mercuric sulphide. The freshly prepared black precipitate is quickly acted on by a solution of mercuric nitrate, the products being mercurous nitrate and mercuric-sulpliide-nitrate. But although the two cornponenh of the mixture cannot be quantitatively separated, the fact remains that mercury and mercuric sulphide together behave just as does the supposed mercurous snlphide. Thus, cold nitric acid, sp. gr. 1.2, does uot, by it8self, convert precipitated mercuric salphide into the white sulphide nitrate; but does so if some mercury is present, It is known, too, that mercuric sulphide i s whitened by digestion with a solution of mercuric nitrate. For particularsof early work on the subject of this paper, Gmelin's Handbook may be consulted. In conclusion, 31 wish to record gratefully my indebtedness to Dr. Edward Divers for his guidance in carrying out this research. Iwpwial University, !116kyii, JapaN. * The author appears to have overlooked the paper by Antony and Sestini (Gnzaettn, 24, i, 193), an abstract of which is to be found i n the 8ociefy'a Journttl (Abstr., 1894, ij, 318). - [EDITOR.]

ISSN:0368-1645    

DOI:10.1039/CT8966901667

出版商:RSC    

年代:1896

数据来源: RSC

摘要:

1679 CXV.---Solutiou and D@usion of certain Metals uiid Alloys in Mercury. (Second Paper.) By W. J. HUMPHREYS. IN a previous communication (Trans., 1896, 69, 243), I gave the results of an examination of the solution and diffusion of bismuth, copper, lead, silver, tin, and zinc in mercury. The present paper contains the results of a similar investigation with aluminium, anti- mony, cadmium, magnesium, thallium, and a few alloys. The method of investigation was the same as before; that is, to fill an upright vessel of uniform cross section with pure mercury, place on the free surface of the mercury a solid piece of the metal to be examined (freshly amalgamated at the surface of contact), and, after allowing the whole to remain a certain length of time iii a place free from disturbances, and of fairly constant temperature, to take, through properly constructed side tubes at definite depths below the surface, samples of the mercury, and examine them for the foreign metals carried down by diffusion.For a detailed description of the two classes of mercury tanks (glass and wooden) used, and of the method of drawing off the samples for analysis, reference is made to the previous paper. The cross sections of the mercury columns of the wooden tanks, A and B of the table, were each squares of 25 mm. on the side, whilst those of the glass tanks, C and D of the table, were circles 25 mm. in diameter. In all the experiments, the distance from the surface of the mercury to the first side tube was 25 mm.; this was also the distance from the first tube to the second, from the second to the third, from the third to the fourth, and from the fourth to the bottom of the tank.Some difficulty was found in experimenting with aluminium, owing to the rapid oxidation of its amalgamated sui-face, which soon separated it from the mercuy. However, after several fruitless trials of different kinds, it was found that one way to prevent this trouble was to cover the aluminium immediately after putting it on the mercury with soft petroleum vaseline that had been freed from water by boiling. At the end of six days, a large portion at least of the amalgamated surface was still in contact with the mercury, but, as shown in the table of results, the solution and diffusion was so slight that it was impossible to detect the aluminium 25 mm.from the surface. In the case of antimony: the amount that went into solution, although i t was distinctly present, mas so exceedingly small, that it seemed best to report it as a mere trace.1680 HUMPHREY S : SOLUTION AND DIFFUSION It will be seen from the table that cadmium dissolves in mercurj- to a considerable extent, and diffuses through it quite readily. I t seems from the results thatl no cadmium amalgam heaviey than mercury (though cadmiurn is said to form such an amalgam) is obtained under these conditions, or, if obhined, that it is quickly changed to one lighter than mercury. The process of analysis was to volatilise most of the mercury, and to dissolve the remainder, rich in cadmium, in nitric acid, evaporate slowly to dryness in a platinum dish, then gently, and at, last strongly, heat, thus getting rid of the oxide of mercury and leaving the oxide of cadmium, from which the percentage of cadmium in the original weighed sample of amalgatri could be calculated.The peculiar hehavioiir of magnesium amalgam led a t first to a few disappointments, although the method finally adopted left but little to be desired. 'The amalgamation was obtained by placing the magnesium in contact with a small globule of mercury, and heating them until the latter began to volatilise quite freely. I n this wa,y a small amalgamated spot was obtained, which, by the gradual addi- tion of more mercury, could readily be extended to any size desired, even a t a temperatuihe much lower than that a t which the amalgama- tion began, although not (in open air) below that of boiling water.The amalgamated surface remained bright, and rendilj tGok u p addi- tional mercury so long as the temperatuine \yas kept up to or above loo", but on cooling below this point it rapidly tarnished, and then refused further union with mercury. It was found that if a piece of amalgamated magnesium be left in t h o open air, i t will slowly increase in bulk t o several times its original size, meanwhile assuming a shape suggestive of some yegetable growth, the colour being any- thing, from a medium grey, to a dull or lustreless black approaching closely that of lamp-black. It is well known that magnesium amal- gam acts violently on water, forming hydrogen and magnesium hydroxide, aiid it was found that, the same action takes place in the air, nnless absolutely dry, in which case there is no action.It is the hydrogen thus formed that causes the mass to swell up and assume a plant-like form. The dark colour is due to excessively finely divided mercnyy. From the above, it is evident, that success in the diffusion experi- ment depended on keeping all traces of moisture away froni the amalgamated magnesium. It may be worth while to state that it was found that tlie amalgamated surface would remain bright indefi- nitely under melted paraffin, and that additional mercury would sink through the paraffin and adhere to this surface at once. However, the temperature at which solid paraffin melts excluded its use in the diffusion experiment. The substance used was semi-fluid vaselineOF CERTAIN METALS AND ALLOYS I N MERCURY.1681 that had been well freed from moisture by boiling. Before the freshly amalgamated magnesium had cooled to looo, it was placed in a bath of melted vaseline, and, when it had cooled t o about the temperature of the room, it was transferred t o the diffusion tank, where its union with the mercury was easily obtained; it was then covered with additional vaseline and left the desired length of time. I t was also found necessary to boil the woodeu rods (see description of apparatus in previous paper) used to close the side tube, in vaseline, because, when this was not done, the small amount of moisture in them acted on the amalgam and prevented it from running out when they were withdrawn. Of course, the amalgam tarnished instantly when it was drawn out into the side tubes, but it was all washed out and digested for some time in warm dilute hydrochloric acid ; in this way, all the magne- sium was dissolved, and the pure mercury was then collected, dried, and weighed.The magnesium was determined in the usual way as pyrophosphate, and, €rom the data thus obtained, the percentage of magnesium i n the original amalgam was calculated. No trouble whatever was found i n mialgamating thallium, but the tabulated results for it are probably too low : first, because it had all completely dissolved in the mercury before the samples were with- drawn, which was not the case with any other metal examined ; and, secondly, because the method of separation from the mercury gave results which were probably somewhat low.The method was as follows: After most of the mercury had been separated by distilla- tion, tlhe remaining amalgam was dissolved in nitric acid and the mercury precipitated by sulphuretted hydrogen, and from the filtrate the thallium was separated as thallious iodide by the method given by Crookes. Sulphure tted hydrogen does not precipitate thallium when alone in a nitric acid solution, although a small amount of it may come down with the sulphide of mercury. At any rate, two test analyses were made in this way, and each gave results somewhat more than 3 per cent. too low. Want of time prevented a further examination of the above method of separating thallium and mercury, as well as a search for any other. Several alloys were examined, and of these the alloy of approxi- mately equal parts of lead and tin dissolves more readily, and the constituent metals diffuse more rapidly, thau does either of them separately.The same seems true of the alloy of equal parts of cadmium and lead, but it is probably not true of the alloy of equal parts of cadmium and zinc, although this, too, dissolves and diffuses quite freely. In the case of the above amalgams, the mercury was removed by distillation as far as was possible without loss of the dissolved metals1682 HUMPHREYS : SOLUTION AND DIFFUSION occurring. The residual lead and tin amalgam was then treated with nitric acid, which dissolved the lead and mercury, but left the tin in a form from which it was obtained as the oxide. To the filtrate containing the mercury and lead, sulphuric acid was added, and the lead estimated as sulphnte in the usual way.The separation of the lead and cadmium from the remaining mercury and from each other was effected by dissolving them in nitric acid, evaporating to dryness, driving off the mercury by heat,, and leaving the lead and cadmium as oxides ; theso were again dissolved i n nitric acid, the lead precipitated as sulphate, and from the filtrate the cadmium was thrown down as sulphide. The amalgam of zinc and cadmiurn was dissolved in nitric acid, evaporated to dryness, and the mercury volatilised ; the residual oxides of zinc and cadmium were then dissolved in nitric acid, from which the cadmlum was obtained as sulphide; and on evaporating the filtrate to dryness and heat'ing, the zinc was obtained as oxide.One experiment was made with speculum metal, but it was not entirely satisfactory, owing to the fact that, after standing between seven and eight days, the tank began to leak, and continued to do so until about half the mercury had run out. However, careful examina- tion failed to show a trace of copper or tin either in the portion which had run out or in that which still remained in the tank. Solution and diffusion in this case was certainly very slight, although the amal- gamation was excellent. As shown by the table, the alloy consisting of 90 per cent. of copper and 10 per cent. of tin gave a diffusion of copper only-. The amount of copper found was just the same as if pure copper, instead of the alloy, had been used.The behaviour of brass in this respect was also tried, and found to be very interesting. The sample used was made for the occasion from nearly equal parts, by weight, of electrolytically prepared copper and chemically pure zinc. The brass was cast and then cut open, so that the surface to be amalgamated should come from the interior. Although it amalgamated with the greatest ease, not a trace of either zinc or copper could be found a t the end of fifteen days in any part of the mercury which was 3 mm., or more, from the brass. Of course there may be an exceedingly slow solution and diBusion of the brass, or of its constituents, and an experiment is now in progress t o test this point. The behaviour of brass suggested trying the diffusion of copper through a uniform zinc amalgam, the ratio of the mercury to the zinc being, approximately, 1000 t o 1; the diffusion of copper through this amalgam, however, was sensibly the same as through pure mercury.OF CERTAIN METALS AND ALLOYS IN MERCURY.1683 It will be noticed that, of the alloys used, those which dissolve and diffuse readily in mercury, namely, the alloys of lead and tin, of lead and Cadmium, of cadmium and zinc, are all believed to be mere mixtures, whilst speculum metal and brass, which certainly do not dissolve and diffuse in mercury with anything like the ease with which the individual constituents do, are probably true chemical compounds. Possibly, the alloy of copper and tin that gave a diffu- sion of copper only consisted of a compound of copper and tin with an admixture of copper.It would seem, from the behaviour of the alloys examined, that solution and diffusion in mercury may serve in many cases to distin- guish between mere mixtures and true compounds, and, in the latter case, t o determine when an excess of one of the constituents is present. The results for magnesium, cadmium, and thallium are represented graphically by two sets of curves (p. 1684). Those to the left of the median line have for abscissa the depths, in millimetres, below the surface of the points from which -the samples were taken, and for ordinates the percentages of the metals found. The time, in days, of diffusion is marked on each of these curves. The other curves, those to the right, have for abscisse the time, in days, of the diffusion, and for ordinates the percentages of the metals found ; the depths, in milli- metres, are marked on these curves.In the cases of magnesium and thallium, the curves to the right are drizwn in part from analogy to the corresponding curves for other metals, and are necessarily imper- fect, since only two points on them are known. The extent to which a metal dissolves in mercmy, that is, the per- centage of it in the saturated solution, at the temperatures at which I worked ; and the amount of i t that will dissolve in a given time, when undisturbed, in a mercury column of infinite extent (a func- tion of the coefficient of diffusion), seem t o be in some measure functions of its position among the elements. Whether the relations in these respects among the elements be accidental, despite their regularity, or essential I do not pretend to judge, but simply call attention to the fact, hoping that they may suggest further work, since every relation between the elements, when once established, must give a clearer conception of them, and, perhaps ultimately of the nature of matter itself. The metals used were selected chiefly with a view to the ease with which they amalgamate, but it will be noticed that, like mercury itself, they all belong to the uneven series of the Mendeleeff table.If we consider those metals that belong to the same group, it will be seen that the solution and diffusion increase with increase of atomic weight Thus iii Group I the solution and diffusion of copper are1684 HUJIPHREYS : SOLUTION AYD DIFFUSIOX less than those of silver, which in turn, from the results of Dudley, (Proceedings of American Association for the Advancement o,f Science, 1.889), are less than those of gold (a saturated solution of gold in mercury contains about 0.06 per cent. gold).Jn Group 11, the order of 0 '24 0 '22 0 "20 0 '18 0 '16 0 '14 0 -12 0 *lo 0 *08 0 -06 0 *04 0 -02 3 -6 3 ' 2 2 -8 2-4 2 -0 1 06 1 -2 0.8 0 *4 3 -6 3 *2 2 *8 2 -4 2 -0 1 . 6 1 *2 0 -8 0 -4 25 50 75 1 0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 0 increase in the magnitude of these results is given by the following order of the elements, namely: magnesium, zinc, cadmium, and mercury (considering mercury to dissolve in mercury) Group I11 gives the order aluminium, indium (examined as t o solution only),OF CERTAIN METALS AND ALLOYS IN MERCURY.168% tliallium. Group V gives the order arsenic (examined as t o solution only), antimony, and bis- muth. Again, if we consider the different series, we find the greatest valuea belonging to the metals of the mercury group, and the further away, in respect to yalenoy, a metal is from this group the less its solution and diffusion i n mercury. Thus the values for magnesium are greater than those for aluminium. The values for copper are less than those for zinc which in turn are greater than those for arsenic. So too the values for silver are less than those for cadmium, from which the order of decrease is indium (probably), tin, and antimony. Indium amalgamates with the greatest ease, and certainly dissolves to a greater extent than tin, possibly to even n greater extent than cadmium, but I cannot speak definitelg on this point as I bad not enough indium at command to test this point fully.Finally, the values f o r gold are less than those of mercurj. from which there is a decrease in the order of thallium, lead, and bismuth. These results are shown in the table OF e1emc:its examined (p. l69l), the arrows pointing in the direction of increase in solubilit’y and diffusion, with the possible exception of indium as explained above. Attention should be called to the fact that Dr. Guthrie (Phil. Mag., 1%3, 16, 321), obt>ained values for the solution and difiusion of sodium and potassium greater than my ralues for either copper GF silver. This seems to be at variance with the lam of increase of solu- tion and diffusion with increase of atomic weight of elements cf the same group-or rather of the same half of a Mendelheff group.Possibly tho law does not hold for sodium when compared with copper, silver, and gold, but i t should be remembered that Dr. Gutlirie worked with a sodium amalgam, whilst my work was done with solid pieces of the metals, and consequently a, comparison can scarcely be made. It may be worth while to state that those metals whose particles move though mercury with the greatest velocities, st11 belong to the first group. In my previous communication I called attention to the relatively great velocity of copper, and especially of silver ; a small amount at least of sodium and potassium also moves through mercury with great velocity, as shown by some of Dr.Guthrie’s (ibid.) experiments. At present I do not know with wbat velocity go14 diffuses through mercury, though from the above facts it might be expected to diffuse very rapidly. I trust that I shall be able, at an early date, to take this whole matter up in much greater detail, since all my results so far must be regarded as preliminary, although 1. hope they may serve to point Group IV gives the order tin and lead. VOL. LXTX. 5 XSubstance dissolved. Aluminium.. ......... ............. ............. ............. Antimony. ........... .............. ............... ............... ............... Cadmium ............. ............... ............... ............... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ................ ............... .............................. ............... ............. Maglesium. ........... .............. .............. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ), ............ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .............. Time of diffusion. Average temperature, in degrees C. TABLE OF RESULTS. Depth of sample in millimetres. 25 50 75 100 10 25 50 75 100 25 50 75 100 25 50 75 100 25 50 75 100 25 50 75 100 26 50 100 r r 4 3 Percentage of metal. -- nothing 9 7 9' ,9 t r u e Y 9 3 , 9 7 0 *?Sl 0'020 0 -001 nothing 2 *932 1 * OG7 0 -262 0 SO48 3 -510 1 -835 0.812 0 -312 0 *138 0 *036 0 *006 nothing 0 *238 0 *130 O-O'il 0*025 - Tank Sample from (estimated) depth of 10 min. taken out by pipette.OF CERTAIN METALS AND ALLOYS I N MERCURY. 1687 . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . - . . - . - . . . . h . . . . . . . . . . . . a . . . . s . . . . . . . . . . . . - - . . . . . . . . . . . . . . U z . . ' . Uz . . . . 3 : : : : . . . . . . . . , . . . . * : : : : z : . . . : : : : : : : : z : : : : I : : : : e . . . . . . . . . . . . i f . . . - g : : : : $ 2 : : : : 2 : : : : 3:::: -........-...., . . . . 7 : : : : d . . . . % ' " ., - - . . . . . . . . . . . a . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . - . . . . - . . . . w . . . . . z . . - " - . . - . . . . . . H . . " . 4 . . . . P I - - - 3 -4 5 -=I % * * * -..a c - - - ...... r/2 FL( - - - 5 x 2Substance dissolved. Time of diffusion.Alloy (Pb and an). Sn ................... ..................... ..................... ..................... Alloy (Pb and Cd). Pb ................... ..................... ..................... ..................... Alloy (Pb and Cd). Cd ................... ..................... ..................... ..................... Alloy (Cd and Zn). Cd ................... .................... .................... .................... Alloy (Cd and Zn). Zn .................. .................... .................... ), .................. Average temperature in degrees C. Percentage of metal. TABLE OF REsuLTs-continued. Tank. Depth of sample in miilime tre 5. 25 50 75 100 25 50 75 100 25 50 75 100 25 50 75 100 25 50 75 100 I I 0 *642 0 *272 0 -102 0 -017 0 -530 0 -046 nothing 1'357 0 -286 0.022 nothing 0 %Xi 0.147 0 '023 no thing Remarks.Tin and lead both determined from same sample of amalgam? Percentage of lead in alloy 50, of cadmium 50. Cadmium and lead both determined fi*om same sample of amalgam. Percentage of cadmium in alloy 54, of zinc 4G. Zinc and cadmium both determined from eame sample of amalgam.TABLE OF RBsuLTs-contimed. Substance dissolved. Alloy (Cu and Sn). cu. .................. .................... ..................... .................... Alloy (Cu and Sn). 611 ................... .................... ..................... ..................... Alloy (Cu and Sn). Alloy (Cu and Zn). cu ................... Speculum metal.. ...... ..................... )) ................... ..................... Alloy (Cu and Zn).Zn.... ............... ..................... )) .................. ..................... Time of diffusion. Average temperature in degrees C. Depth of sample in millimetres. 25 50 100 Y- l o 25 50 75 100 - 25 so '75 100 25 50 75 100 Percentage of metal. ! 0 '003 C 0 -003 0 '003 0 .003 nothing 17 7 ) 9 ) nothing nothing 1) Y l > Y nothing 9 ) $ 7 9 7 Remarks. Percentage of coppi* in alloy 90, of tin 10. Cupper and tin both debermined from swie sample of amalgam. B ' Not satisfactory owing to accident, but no evidence of diffusion of either tin or copper. Percentage of copper in alloy 53, of zinc 47. Copper and zinc both determined from same sample of amalgam.Substar-ce dissolved. Alloy (Cu and Zn). cu. .................. ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... )) ................... Alloy (Cu and Zn). Zn ................... ,) ................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... Copper. Cu in zinc amalgari .. . 9 , > 9 9 , .... . . I . .... Time of diffusion. Average temperature in degrees C. Depth of sample in millimetres. 3 10 25 50 75 100 3 10 25 50 75 100 25 50 75 100 Percentage of metal. 7 Tank , Remarks . Percentage of copper in alloy 53, of zinc 47. Samples from (estimated) depths of 3 and 10 mm. taken out, by pipette. Copper and zinc both determined from same sample of amalgam. Pel-centage of mercuq in amdgam used 99.9, of zinc 0 -1 approximntely.IDENTITY O F DEXTROSE FROM DIFFERENT SOURCES. 1691 Group 11. Groap 111. Group IT. ' I ___--- I---- ! out lines of f~irtlier investigation and even to indicate more or less cleni.ly in some cases the results that may be anticipated. TA HLT: (,S Elanzent.9 examined, s1aow;uy Reln!ive E'xte.itt of tizeir Solution Group Tr. Series. 1 Group I. I----. -- I

ISSN:0368-1645    

DOI:10.1039/CT8966901679

出版商:RSC    

年代:1896

数据来源: RSC

摘要:

IDENTITY O F DEXTROSE FROM DIFFERENT SOURCES. 1691 CXV1.-The Identity of Dextrose from Diffemnt Xouwes, zciith Special Re ferenee to the Cupric Beduciry Po me?'. By CORKELILTS ~'SULLIVAN, F.R.S., and ARTHUR I J . STERS, D.Sc. r i 1 J-r I, numerow, and often discordant, numbers which different ob- servers hare published as representing the cupric reducing power of dextrose, as well as other facts which have been brought under our notice, led us t o speculate on the possible existence of two 01- more destroses, which, although closely agreeing in most of their proper- ties, might yet differ in others. I n order to elucidate this point, we prepared specimens of dex hose from different sources, and examined their principal properties. The specimens were purified by repeated crystallisation from dilute inethylic alcohol until the successive crops which separated from the1692 O’SULLIVAN AND STERN: THE IDENTITY OF solution possessed the same properties.were : Those carefully determined 1. The specific gravity of the aqueous solution. 11. The specific rotatory power. 111. The cupric reducing power. I. The specific gqsavity was determined at 15*5O, compared with that of water at the saiiic temperature, which was represented as 1000. For purposes of comparison, we divide the excess of the specific gravity of the sugar solution over 1000 by the number of grams of sugar dissolved in 100 c.c., and the factor thus obtained is called the divisor, and denoted by D ; it varies, of course, with the concentration of the solution. For any one sugar, the factor is a convenient indi- cator of the dryness.11. T h e speci$c yotatoryyozuer mas determined by means of a Laurcnt (sodium flame) polarimeter in a tube 200 mm. long at 15*5O, and cal- culated in the usual way. 111. The czcp~ic Teduciizg power was determined according to the directions previously laid down by one of us (O’Sullivan, J. Chenz. Soc., 1876, ii, 125). As is well known, the amount of reduction varies mate~ially according t o the conditions of experiment, and, con- sequently, we took especial care to work always under the same conditions, which were as follows : The Fehling solution wa.s prepared immediately before me ; 30 C.C. were diluted with 30 C.C. of water, and placed in a boiling water bath; from 0.12 to 0.13 gram of the dextrose under examination was weighed into a small beaker, dissolved i n 30 C.C.of water, and the solution raised t o the boiling point and quickly added to the hot Fehling solution ; the reduction was allowed to proceed in the water bath for about 10 minutes, and the precipitate filtered off by means of a Soxhlet tube; washed with water, alcohol, and ether; dried in a water oven, and weighed as cuprous oxide. We proved by the fol- lowing experiments that no oxidation of the cuprons oxide takes plaoe under these conditions : I. 0.1796 CuzO yielded 0.1590 Cu. Theory, 0.1594 Cu. ,, 0.2596 ,, 11. 0.1822 ,, :, 0.1616 ,, 7, 0.1617 ,, 111. 0.2925 ,, 7, 0.2600 9 , The Soxhlet tube eniploj-ed in these experiments has been modified by the insertion of a piece of platinum gauze at the point marked A in the figure.This renders the usual constriction at the base of the A 0 I IDEXTROSE FROM DIFFEREKT SOURCES, ETC. 1693 tube unnecessary. The filtering material is composed of the usual layer of fine asbestos. Tbis modification has been found easier t o pre- pare for filtration, and much more rapid in action than the usual form. In calculating the results. i t has been found convenient to adhere to the method laid down in the paper above referiwd to, and to cal- culate the " K " on the assumption that 1 gram CuO is reduced by 0.4535 gram of dextrose (1 gram Cu,O = 0.5045 gram dextrose). Tbe first specimen of dextrose examined had been prepared many pears ago from the inversion products of cane sugar; whether the cane sugar was derived from the sugar cane or the sugar beet we cannot now say.The crude dextrose was fractionally crystsllised from dilute methylic alcohol, and eight crops were obtained, which were examined with the following results : Grams per K. 1 5.359 3.805 54.3 103.3 - 2 6-489 3.840 53% 100.8 99.9 3 4.490 3.840 53-5 105.3 103.8 4 4TCO 3+49 53.2 104.6 104.5 5 4-643 3.834 53.0 103.0 106.0 6 4.335 3934 49.6 - - 7 5.703 3.823 50.6 - - 8 5.693 3.820 50.3 - - [.ID. 7-A- 7 Crop. 100 C.C. These experiments indicate that the product from which these crops were obtained was not pure. The next step was to recrys- taliise them with a view to obtaining a pure sugar. Crop 1 was dissolved ia dilute methylic alcohol, and a small crop (9) separated. Crops 2, 3, 4, and 5 were mixed, dissolved in dilute methylic alcohol, whereby crops 10 and 11 were obtained, the latter amounting to nearly half the original mixture.Crops 6, 7, and 8 were in the same way recrystallised, a crop (12) being obtained amounting to rather more than one-half of the original mixture. These crops were examined with the following results : Grams per K. 7 r--h-- Crop. 100 C.C. D. f a I D . 9 5.661 3.835 53.0 104.9 - - 10 10.502 3.814 52.8 104.1 - 105.9 11 10.088 3.825 52.4 102.9 104.6 104.2 12 9,715 3.832 526 103.9 - 102.6 We have here, without question, i n these four crops, one and the same substance in a state of practical purity, Laving [ a f D = 52.7 and K = 104.0. 5 x 31694 O’SULLLVAN AND STERN: TEE IDENTITY OF The next specimen of dextrose was prepared from a fairly pure commercial sample of cane sugar prepared from the sugar-beet.1000 grams were inverted by yeast at 60°, the inversion being normal. The filtered inverted syrup was concentrated under diminished pres- sure, dissolved in methylic alcohol, and from this a crystalline crop 8oon separated ; this WAS recryatallised several times from dilute methylic alcohol, and ultimately 130 grams of dextrose were ob- tained (crop 13). This was divided by fractional crystallisation from methylic alcohol into three crops (14, 15, and 16), which were examined with the following results : Grams per K. Crop. 100 C.C. D. [a]D. 7------ -7 13 8.968 3.822 527 105.0 106.3 14 10.154 3.823 52.3 105.4 105-0 15 10.392 3.830 52.8 104.2 103.7 16 9.66 7 3,827 52.5 104.4 103-7 These figures show that the whole crop (13) of purified dextrose was a pure substance, having [ a ] D = 52.6 aiid K = 104.7.The next specimen of dextrose was prepared i n exactly the same way from a sample of cane sugar obtained from the sugar cane. The purified dextrose was fractionally crystallised, yielding two crops, which were examined with the following reoults : Grams per K. Crop. 100 C.C. D. [a],,. -PA---- 7 17 9097 3.839 52.6 - 104.9 104-0 104.2 18 9.004 3.814 52.6 103.7 104.6 105.4 105.3 These are evidently fractions of a pure substance having [aID = 52.6 and I( = 104.6, and are identical with the pure dextrose already prepared. The next specimen of dextroBe was prepared from maize starch. A 25 per cent. starch-milk was acted on by 2 per cent. sulphuric acid at 100’ for three honrs, arid the solution, after removal of the sulphuric acid by baryta, was concentrated under diminished pres- sure, and the syrup dissolved in methylic alcohol.The dextrose was obtained in six crystalliaed crops. They were examined with tbe following results : Grams per Crop. 100 C.C. 19 7.974 20 9.460 21 8.429 22 8.169 23 8.183 24 9.054 K.+ 7 r-A- D. ra1D. 3.798 53.3 201.7 102.1 3.809 54.2 102.3 101.3 3.800 54.6 100.1 101.5 3.826 548 101.7 102.2 3.823 55.0 99.7 99.4 3.829 55.0 - - * We have in the K of these fract,ions at least some explanation how it waa that the K of doxtrose was put down at 100.DEXTROSE FRO11 DIFFERENT SOURCES, ETC. 1695 The syrup from which these separated was evidently a mixture ; Two large crops were the fractions wera mixed and recrystallised.obtained, which were examined as follows : Crop. 100 C.C. D. i a h . Grains per K. T--h-.-7 95 8.378 3.823 52.8 103.7 105.2 105.2 26 8.279 3.830 52.5 104.2 105.0 105.2 These two are evidently one and the same substance with [a]= = 52.65 and K = 104.7; and are identical with the pure dextrose pre- pared from cane sugar. Lastly, a specimen of dextrose was prepared from the inversion products of lactose. A solution containing 25 per cent. of pure lactose and 2 per cent. of sulphuric acid was heated a t 100' for two hours. The sulphuric acid wag then Feparated by bargta, and the filtered solution conceii- trated, under diminished pressure, to a syrup which goon solidified ; on treating this with methylic alcohol, the dextrose dissolved, leaving a residue of galactose.The dextrose mas then recrjstal- lised from water and examined, with the following results : Crop 27. 8.027 grams per 100 C.C. D = 3.834. [a]D = 53.9, agreeing fairly closely with the factors obtained above. It was recrystallised from methyh alcohol, when a first and large crop gave : Crop 28. 8.210 grams per 100 C.C. D = 3.829. [alD = 53.4. H = 106.2, 104.7, 105.4, 105.6, 103.6, 105.2. The experiments shorn that the samples of carefully purified dextrose prepared from f o u r different sources gave the following average results : Dextrose from cane sugar (of unknown origin) .... [ a ] D = 52.7, K = 104*0 cane). ..... [a]= = 52.6, K = 104.7 beet). ..... [a]D = 52.6, K = 104.6 3 7 ,: ), ,, (from sugar- 7 7 ., .) ), (from sugar- .. maize starch............ [aID = 52-65, K = 104.7 ,, .. lactose ................ [ a ] D = 52.4, K = 105.1 7 . It is evident tliai dl these dextroses have the same optical activity and K, and are apparently identical. The average of the above described experiments, and many others which we have not thought it necessary to record, give the following divisors for the specific gravity : 5.0 grams per 100 c.c.. ......... 3.840 10.0 ,, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.825 7.5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.8331696 POPE: A COJlPOUNI) OF CAMPHORIC AClD The figures which we hare obtailicd for the cnpric reducing power are higher than those which were given in the paper previously referred to ; the latter were made over 20 years ago, when the appli- ances for purifying the sugar were rery imperfect, and the limitations of the method not fully understood. Since then many observers have investigated the method, and amongst tllese the work of some stand out pre-eminent, on nccour,t of the care and thoroughness with which they have worked. We refer more particularly to the woyk of Soxlilet (J. p ~ . Chew,., [ a ] , 21, 227), Maercker ( 0 s ; . Uizg. Zeif. fu?. Zzcckey-iiad. und Landwidschcq?, 7, 699), and Allihn (J. p ~ . CJiem., 22, 55). Allihn’s figures appear to be in general use in Germany, mid onr experiments, although carried out’ in a slightly different manner, yet agree closely wit11 thern; this is shown by the figures given below. Mgrins. dextrose taken. Mgrms. cliprotis oxide obtai ricd. I---------- ---- 0 -043 0 *G84 0 *1265 0 *121 0 -127 0 -1 225 Mgrins. devtroso tables. K. found from Allihn’s ------- 115.0 0 *044 109.9 , 0 ‘085 104.1 0 *1245 104 -9 0 -12G 105.6 1 0.1225

ISSN:0368-1645    

DOI:10.1039/CT8966901691

出版商:RSC    

年代:1896

数据来源: RSC

摘要:

1696 POPE: A COJlPOUNI) OF CAMPHORIC AClD CXVTII.--A Compoum? of C'urnpho~k acid with, Acctozze. By WLLLLAV JACKSON P O P E . L)ESTROCAMPHORIC acid is moderately soluble in acetone, and the solu- tion on spontaneous evaporation deposits crjstds of the composition CIoH ,,O,,+COMeo ; the crystals are large, transparent, colourless tablets (Fig. 1): belonging to the orthorhombic system. F r G . 1.WITH ACETOSE. 1697 C rz s (,a 1 1 i n e system : 0 rt horhom bi c . (I : b : c = 0.8386 : 1 : 1.2386, Forms present : n = (1CO). z, = (010). p = (110). p'= (120). p = (011). The following angular measurements were obtained : Number of Angle. measurements. up = 100 : 110 24 "]I = 100 : 120 hp = 010: 110 18 611' = 010 : 120 yp = 110: 110 9 pp' = 110 : 120 64 = 010: 011 29 q y = 011 : o i l 5 21'1 = 110: 011 11 2 1 ~ = 110: o i l G 5 G 3 Liiiiit*P.40" 31' -49' 50' 59 37 -59 54 49 11 -49 27 30 1 -30 19 81 4 -81 31 18 59 -19 12 35 51 -39 5 101 58-102 24 55 17- 55 49 120 13-120 45 D h n . 40" 39' 59 49 49 19 30 11 81 17 19 5 38 55 10s 12 53 25 120 29 CsLlculn ted - 59" 47' 49 21 30 13 81 18 19 8 102 10 55 33 120 27 - - The crjstals niay readily be obtained of a centimetre in length, and usual!y grow quite separately in the solution. The dominant form is n(1@0), and this and the other pinaco'id, b(OlO), give good reflectioiis on the gonioimeter ; the dome form, q ( O l l ) , is frequently very layge, and only gives moderately sharp reflections. The prism p { 110) is very TTariable in size, and does not give good mcasuremeiits, whilst the prism p ' ( l 2 0 ) is not often observed ; the faces i u this zone are striated para1121 t o the zone axis.There is a perfect' cleai-age parallcl to c~(100), and a less perfect one parallel to b(010); the cleavage plates are usually striated parallel to the axis c. The axis b is the acute bisectrix, and the optic axial plane is n(IO0) ; the optic axial angle is large, the double refi-,zc!ion indium in strength and positive in sign, a d the optic: axial dispersion is slight. Although this substance is optically active i n solut>ion, no indica- tion of lieniihedrisni could be ohtained; the forms present would not be affected, so far as the number of faces is concerned, by eiiantio- morphous hemihechism, and attempts to obtain characteristic etch- fignres were unsuccessful. During cold weather, the crystals are perriisnent in the air, but after n few minutes' exposure in warm weather they become opal- escent, and when left exposed over night turn quite white and op:que, owing to loss of acetone of crystallisation; the crystals, however, retain their shape, and to a great extent their lustre, during1698 POPE: A COMPOUND OF CABlPLIORIC ,4ClD this change, and remain quite hard and brittle.Some of the porcc- lain-like crystals thus obtained were measured, and the results agreed with those tabulated above. It is ve1.y noteworthy that the crystals from which all the acetone has escaped retain the two cleavages. Attempbs were made to again render the opaque crystals transparent by soaking them in various liquids, with a view of obtaining results similar to those obtained by Mallard from his well-kuown experi- ments on zeolites, but with no success; if the opaque crystals be soaked i n acet.one, they slowly fall to a fine, white, opaque powder, without again becoming transparent!, and other liquids do not seem to be absorbed by the crystals.Although the transparent crystals lose acetone continuously on ex- posure to the air, the whole of the acetone of crystallisation isnot lost by the massive crystals even after several days’ exposure at ordinary temperatures ; 011 di=opping the crystals on to a metal plate heated by boiling aniline, the solvent of crystallieation is driven off so rapidly that the crystals disintegrate and the escaping acetone may be inflamed, but the massive crystals still decrease in weight after 10 hours’ heating at 100’.The weight becomes constant after four hours’ exposure at 1 5 0 O . The following analytical numbers 1iave been thus obtained : 2.6189 grams lost 03297 gram at 150’ = 12.59 per ceut. 2,4271 7, ,, 0.3061 ,, ,, = 12.61 ,, Theoretical loss f o r C,,,E,,O,,~COMe, = 12.66 ), On either slow or rapid heating, samples of camphoric acid crystal- lised either from water or from acetone, melt at the mme tempera- ture if placed in the same bath. I n view of the fact that the acetone is comparatively firmly retained by the camphoric acid, it is of interest to note that the specific rota- tion of the acid dissolved in acetone is not appreciably different from that observed in other solvents (Aschan, Acta Xoc.h’cieytt. f e w . , 21, [51,1). comparison of the crystallographic properties of this substance with those of the ordinary monosymmetric crystals of camphoric acid reveals the existence of very little i f any true morphotropic relation- ship between them ; on comparing the crystalline form of the acetone compound witch that of camphoric anhydride, however, a remarkably close morphotropic relationship is found to exist. Camphoric anhydride has been crystallographically examined by v. Zepharovich (Sitzungsbey. Wz’en. Akad., 1876, 73, i, 7), who determined its geome- trical aud optical constants, and from his data it was obvious that the new substance now described is rnorphotropically related to cam- phoric anhydride. There beiug, however, a few points in whichWITH ACETONE.1699 comparison mas impossible, owing, it seemed, to inconiplete descyip- tic;n, i t was thought advisable to re-examine the anhydride. This was done, with the result that the crystallographic similarity of the two substances was found t o be even closer than was at first supposed. Camphoric anhydride dissolves freely in acetone, and cry stallises from it in large prisms which do not contain acetone of crystal- Iisation ; it crystallises from ethylic acetate 01- ether in very lustrous transparent prisms 01- plates, each of these habits being closely similap in appearance t o the corresponding habits of the camphoric acid compound with acetone. The moat suitable crystals for goiiionietric examination are obtained by the spontaneous evaporation of an alcoholic solutioii containing acetone, the substance being sparingly soluble in cold alcohol; the crystals thus deposited are small, flat,teriecl plates showing much internal striation, and which, prob- ably owing to this, are very friable.The crystals show the forms named by Zepharovich and also the dome ~ ( 1 2 0 ) ; the latter if; rarely present, and, although its faces give good reflections. is always very small. Crystalline sys tern : Orthorhombic. a : B : c = 0.9990 : 1 : 1.7251 (Pope). n : 2, : c = 0.9973 : 1 : 1.7170 (Zepharovich). Forms observed : 4 100 1 c ~ o 0 1 1 q~01Ll P W W 1'( LO1 1 T'( 102 1 In the following table of angles the values obtained by Zepl~aro- vicli are given for the sake of comparison, the numbers which he took as the basis of calculation being indicated by asterisks.Angle. 01 a,?. = 100 : 101 ni" = 100 : 102 9.1.' = 101 : 102 cis = 001 : 101 Pi'' = 001 : 102 cq = 031: 011 2g = 011 :oii 4p = 011 : o i l pq = 120: 011 pr = 120: 101 fp' = 011 : 101 ap = 100 : 120 No. of wervations. 41 29" 8 49 10 18 34 59 8 40 47 59 6 59 8 119 1 2 63 4 39 7 66 6 15 Calculated. 7 r------ Limits. Mean. Pope. Zeph. 49'- 30"25' 30" 49' -- 30" 9' 50- 449 31 49 13 49" 11i' 49 17 54- 19 18 19 d . L 19 7 19 8 17- 60 38 59 54 - 59 47* 9 - 63 46 63 26 G3 24g - 7- 39 31 39 24 39 19 - 58- 67 27 67 14 67 13 - 14- 75 50 '75 29 75 26h - 29- 60 24 59 54 50 559 59 51" S1- 40 59 40 47 40 43: 40 4 3 54- 60 30 60 15 60 12 60 26 16-120 0 119 44 119 $53 119 34 There is a fairly good cleavage parallel to c(OOl), and a. less perfect one parallel to ~(100); these two cleavages were apparently not1700 POPE: h COJlPOUND OF CAMPHORIC ;lCIi) 010 : 012 001 : 011 noticed by Zepharovich.The optic axial plans is c,( 1 WO), and t h e c-axis is the acute bisectrix; t’he double refraction is weak and uegative in sign. The optic axial angle is small-about 30’ in air- and the axial dispersion slight ; the interference picture is visible through a cleavage plate cut parallel to c(OO1). Although the substance is optically active in solution no indication of ppo-electricity could be obtained. Many Rttempts t o develoFe etch- figures iiidicative of hemihedrsl structure were made, a number of solvents being used as corrosive agents, but these were uniformly unsucccssful. It must be admitted, however, that tlie failure to obtain evidence of hemihedral strncture cannot be regarded as n particularly strong argument in favour o F the holohedral nature of the crystals ; very probably asymmetric etch-figures might be ob- tained by a happy choice of condit,ions (compare.Walden, Bey., 1897, 29, 1692 ; Traube, Ber., 1896, 29, 2446). 40 48k 30 4f On transforming t.he axial ratios a : b : c = 0.9989 : 1 : 1.7251 of camphoric anhydride in such a way that the old maxis becomes the new b-axis and rice ziei-scZ, it is found that the new CG : b : c = 1 : 0.9989 : 1.7251 = l*QOll : 1 : 1.7270, whilst the new indices of the forms become a(010), c(OOl), q { l O l > , r(011), ~’{012], a i d ~ ( 1 1 0 ) . Similarly, the axial ratios assigned to the new compound of cainphoric acid and acetone may be so transformed that the new ratio a : b : c assumes the value of the old ratio c : b : 2n aucl is thus a : Z, : c = 1.2386 : 1 : 1.7172; the indices of the forms present siniul- taneonsly change to b(010), a(001), p(O12), ~ ’ { O l l ] , and q(110).The very close similarity between the two crystal forms is now apparent. The cr~stitls having the composition C10H1604,~COMe2 exhibit the forms ( O l O ) , ( O O l ) , ( O l l ) , (0121, and {110), whilst tlhose of camphoric anhydride show the same forms and also { 101 ). The similarity is not confined t o this, for in the zone [loo] which contains the four common forms (OlO), (OOl), (Oll), and (012), it is observed that, each angle measured on the one substance is nearly identical in mngnitude with the corresponding angle on thc other compound.The following table shows this clearly. 1 On C,oTI,40,. j Pope. 1 Zeplmrovicli. 011 C,olfl,O.$,i MC:CO. Angle. I ---I-_- FBO 51/ 4.0 43 30 9 49 1’1 19 8 69” 47’ 40 39 30 13 If) 21 19 sWITH ACE'TOKE. 1 T O 1 The same morphotropic relationship is also clearly expressed by the practical equality of the ratio c : 2, in the new form into which the axial ratios have been cast ; thus On C,,H,,O,.. .. . . .. ,, CI,,HIG04,hC@Mell a : b I c = la0O11 : 1 : 1.7270. a : b : c: = 1.2386 : 1 : 1.i172. There is, fnrther, a very close correspondence between the cleavages on the two sets of crystals, The crystals of caniplioric aiihydride show a fairly good cleavage on ~(001) and a poorer one on a( 1001, whilst the crystals of camphoric acid with acetone exhibit a fairly good cleavage on a(100) and a less perfect one on b(O1O) ; on transforming the indices of these forms in accordance with the method described above for the two substances respectively, it is found that them is in each case a good cleavage on (001) and a corn- payatively poor one on { O l O ) .The correspondence between the cleavages is hence very complete. Again, in crystals of camphoric anhydyide, the optic axial plane is (010) and the acgte bisectrix is the c-axis, whilst on the compound of the composition C,oH1601,$CONe2, tlie optic axial plane is (100) and the Laxis is the acute bisectrix ; on transforming these indices and axes as before, it becomes evident that in each case the optic axial plane is (OOl), and the 6-axis is the acute bisectrix.Here, again, the correspondence is singularly complete. The sign of double refraction is the same in both substances, but the optic axial angle is niuch smaller in the crystals of camphoric anhydride than in those of the acid. Lastly, there is complete coi-respondence between the striations observed on the two sets of cryc;tals; all the forins in the comn1011 zone [loo] are striated parallel to the zone axis. It should be noted that the second set of indices and axial ratios given above for each of the two carnphoric derivatives .are quite possible, and might. have been chosen for describing the crystals in the first place, were it not aavisable to respect the usual conventions in crystallographic description, naniely, that the dominant dome forms should make unit intercepts upon two axes, and that the c-axis should be tlie longest, whilst the a-axis should be the shortest axis.A little consideration of the intimate nature of the crystallographic resemblances existing between these two compounds is sufficient to remove any suspicion that the similarity miglit be only fortuitous, and we are forced to the conclusion that what is probably one of the most striking morphotropic relationships yet recorded exists between two substances which although diff eying widely in composition arc constitutionally very closely related. The fact tllat obvious morphotropic relationships exist betvreen1702 A COMPOUND OF CAJIPHORIC ACID WITH ACETONE. camphoric anhydride and tlic coinpound of camphoric acid with acetone, whilst both are ciaystnllogrraphically very different from camphoric acid, a substance of intermediate composition, may very possibly be clue to dimorphism in camphoric acid, the missing form being an orthorhombic one morphotropically related to cainphoric anhydride and the new compound; attempts t o find evidence of pol~rnorphisni in camphoric acid aiid its anhydride mere maae by sel7eral methods, but all proved unsuccessful. The importance of searching for morphotropic relations such as that now demonstrated amongst camphor derivatives-of which the coiistitutions and constitutional inter-relations are st ill so problema- tical-can scarcely be exaggerated. Chemical Department, C'e?ztraE Technical C'ollep, City and Guilds of London Institrite.

ISSN:0368-1645    

DOI:10.1039/CT8966901696

出版商:RSC    

年代:1896

数据来源: RSC

摘要:

INDEX OF AUTHORS’ NAMES. T R A K S A C T I 0 N 8. 18 9 6. (Ettked T.) ; and to Proceedings of t h e Session 1895-1896, Nos. 155-168 ; Nov., 1895--June, 1896 (marked P.). A. Abel, (Sir), Frederick Azigustus, Eof- niann Meinorial Lecture : the liistorg of the Royal Coilege of Chemistry, and reminiscences ot Iiofmann’s pro- fessorship, T., 580; p., 1893, 135. Allen, Alfred Benry, an improT-ed method of determining urea by the ligpobromite process, P., 1896, 31 ; discussion, ibid., 33. Andrews, Ernest Robert. See Xnphael Meldola. Appleyard, James Xohert. See James Walker. Archdeacon, William Hewy. See Julius Bereiad Cohen. Armstrong, Henry Xdzcard, Hofrnann Memorial Lecture: notes on Hof- mann’s scientific work, T., 637. - studies of the terpenes and allied compoonds : note on ketopinic acid -a product of tlie oxidation of the solid h ydrichloride (chlorocamphydr- ene) prepared from pinene, T., 139’1 ; P., 1896, 167.- the origin of colour. No. 11. The yellow colour of 2 : 3-hydroxy- naphthoic acid, P., 1896, 42. - note on etherification, P., 1896,43. -- the relation of pinene to citrene, P., 1896, 44. - tlie conditions involved in the occurrence of inversion in the case of asymmetric (optically active) com- pounds, P., 1896, 45. Armstrong, I€enry Edward, and William Paliner Wynne, 2 : 1-9- naplithylaminesulphonic acid and the corresponding chloronaphthalene- sulplionic acid, P., 1895, 238. -- - 1 : 3-a-naphthylaminesulph- onic acid and the corresponding chloro- POL. LXIX. naplithale~csulplioiiic acid, I?., 1895, 238. Armstrong, Heiwy Ediuard, :ind William Palmr Wynne, studics o n the conetitution of tlie tri-deriTatires of naplithalene.No. 16. Tlic cli- sulphonic acids obtained by sulphoi at- ing 1 : S-a-naphthylamine- and 1 :% a-chloronnplitlialene-sulphonic acids, P., 1835, 240. B. Bablich, Het*inmn. See Arthur Geoiye Perkin. Baker, H. Breretoit. See Barold Baily Dixon. Barnett, Robert E. See ?Vi!liam rltigustus Tilden. Barr, John M. See George Gcrdd Henderson. Bedson, Peter Phillips, Lothar Me: e r Memorial Lecture, T., 1403 ; P., 1896, 119. Bentley, William Henry, Edwci,*d Eaworth, and Wdliana fleiiry Perkin, jun., on y-phenoxy-derivn- tives of iiialonic acid and acelic acid, and n r i o u s compounds used in the sjnthesis of these acids, T., 161 ; P., 1896, 35. Bentley, William Henry, and William Uenry Perkin, jun., note on y-accto- butyric acid, T., 1510.-- on the xjlic and xylidinic acids, P., 1896, 79. B entl e y, William Eenry , Wil li<z nr Henry Perkin, jun., and Joidgn Fleld Thorpe, cis- and trans-methj 1- isopropylsuccinic acid, T , 270; P., 1896, fi4. Bevan, Edward John. See Charles Frederick Cross. 5 Y1704 IXDEX O F AUTHORS. Bone, William A r t h u r , and David Smiles Jordan, the union of carbon and hFdrogcn, P., 1896, 60. Bone, William A r t 7~ ur , and William He?trzj Pcrkin, ~ u H . , the symmetrical climeihylsuccinic acids, T., 253 ; P., 1896, 63. - - note on the aal-dimethyl- glutaric acids, T., 26s; P., 1896, 63. Burgess, Eerhert E. See A l f r e d Chastom Chapman. , Burrell, B . -4rtAz/r, analysis o€ the water o€ tlie dropping well a t Knsres- borough, Yorksliire, T., 536: ; P., 1896, 73.C. Gain, John Caiznell, note on the action of hydrogen chloride on ethylic alco- hol, P., 1896, 12. Calvert, 2iarr-y Thornton, and Thomas Ewan, colloi'dal chromosulphuric acid, P., 1896, 160. Cannizzaro, Stanislao, congratulatory address to, P., 1896, 120. Cam, Fraiacis Wozoard. See Wyndiianz &owland Dunstan. Chapman, Alfred C'hastoit and Herbert E. Eurgess, note on santal and some of its derivatives. P.. 1896. 140. Cross, Cl'la7-l~~ Frederick, Edioni*d John Bevan, and Claud Smith, carbohydrates of cereal straws, T., 1604 ; P., 1896, 174. D. D' Arcy, 2aQik Yrancis, 011 certain views concerning tlie condition of thc dissohed substance in solutions of so- dium sulpl-tate, T., 993 ; €'., 1896, 104.Davy, S. lV. X., obituary notice of, T., 733. Dewar, James, the liquefaction of air, and resei~rcli a t low temperatures, P., 1895, 221 ; discussion, ibid., 231. Divers, Edward, and Tameitzasa Haga, thc rrduction of nitrososulphates, T., 1610 ; P., 1896,179. -- iluidosulphonates. Part 11. T., 1620 ; P., 1896, 179. -- amidosulphonic acid, T., 1634 ; P., 1896, 180. -- the economical preparation of 1iydroxylamii;e sulphate, T., 1665 ; Dixon, Azigzistzrs Edward, the chemis- try of dibromopropylthiocarbimide and tlic action of brmiine ancl iodine i~.,'isss, 1'7s. on allyltiiiourca, T., 17; I?., 1895,215. - halogen additive products of sub- Cecil Turle Evans, nietadichloro- slituLed tliiosiiiainiues, T., 851 ; Chattaway, Frederich. U., Ilnd Robert benzene, T., $48; P.,'1896, 97.-- the diphenylbenzenes. I. n~etndiplienSlbenzene, T., 980; P. 1896,113. Chikashig6, JfasunzZ;, the atomic weiglit of Japanese tellurium, T., 881 ; P., 1896,161. Clowes, Fraizk, the evolution of car- bon monoxide by alkaline pyrogallic solution during absorption of oxygen, P., 1895, 200. - the composition of the limiting explosive mixturcs of various com- bustible gases with air, P., 1895, 201 ; discussion, ihid., 20:. - explosion and detection of acety- lene in air, P., 1896, 143. Cohen, Julius Berend, and Willriain Beenry Archdeacon, the action of sodium alcoholate on the acid amides, Collie, John Norma%, and N. T. A?. Wilsmora, ihe production of noph- tlialene and of isoquinoline deriva- tives from dehydracetic acid, T., 293 ; P., 1896, 4'7.Cross, Charles Ei.ederick, Edward John Bevan, and Claud Smith, constitution of the cereal celluloses, T., 804 ; P., 1896,95. T., 91; Y., 1896, 8. P., 1896, 99. - acidic tliiouorbiniides, thioureaj, aiid ureas, !I1., 855 ; P., 1896, 100. - tliiocarbimidcs derived from COD- plex fatty acids, T., 1593 ; P., 1896, 223. Dixon, Harold Uaily, the node of formation of carbonic acid in the burning of carbon compouuds, Dixon, Harold B a i l y , and H. BI.ere- toit Baker, the clicmical inactivity of tlie Rontgen rays, T., 1305; P., 1896, 160. Dixon, Karold Bail<y, and J. A . Rar- ker, on the detonatim of chlorine pxoxide, T., 789; P., 1896, 57. Dixon, Aarold Buily, 3. H. Strange, nncl Edward Graham, thc explosion of cyanogen, T., 759; P., 1896, 53. Dohorty, W. X., apparatus for the detection of boric acid, P., 1896, 101.Doran, Robert E l l i o t , the action of lcnd tliiocpuate on the chlorocarbon- shes. Part I. Carboxyethplthio- carbamide and its derivatives, T., 1324 ; P., 1896,74. Dougal, illniyaret Donie, the eEcct of heat on aqueous solutions of chrome alum, T., 1526 ; P., 1896,183. T., 774; P., 1896, 55.INDEX OF AUTHORS. 1705 Dunstan, HGp2r’Lam Rowland, and Trancis Howard Carr, note on piper- oratine, P., 1895,177. -- clibenznconine and tetracetyl- aconitine, P., 1895,187. - note on a difficulty in the deter- mination of nitrogen by the absolute method, Y., 1896, 48. Dunstan, 7Vyndlrana Rozoland, and Ernest Goulding, the hydriodides of Iiydroxylaniine, ’.I?., S39 ; P., 1896, 72. Dunstan, 7+7qndha??z Roleland, Thomas Tickle, and David flarniltou Jack- son, tlie action of methylic alcohol on aconitinc.Formation of methylbenz- aconine, P., 1896, 159. Durrant, Reyiizald D., on a new com- pound of cobalt, and a rapid method of detecting cobalt, in presence of nickel, P., 1896, 96. E. Easterfield, Illhontas B i l l . See Thomas Barlozu Wood. Elliot, Waller John, action of chioro- form and potassium hydroxide on nietamiclobenzoic acid, T., 1513 ; P., 1896, 171. Evans, Claya de Brereton, researches on tertiary benzenoid amines. I. Derivatives of dimethylaniline, I?., 1895, 235. Evans, Robert Cecil T w l e . See Fred- erick D. Chattaway. Ewan, Thomas, note on the electrolytic conductivity of formanilide and thio- formanilide, T., 96 ; P., 1896, 8. Ewan, Thomas. See also I€arry Thormhn Calvert.F. Fenton, Henry John Horstrnan, the constitution of a new dibasiu acid resulting from the oxidation of tar- taric acid, T., 546 ; €’., 1896, 67. Fitzgerald, George B a n c i s , Helmholtz Memorial Lecture, T., 885 ; I?., 1896, 26 ; discussion, ibid., 26. Forster, Martin Onslow, studies of the terpenes and allied compounds. New derivatives of a-dibromocamphor, T., 36; P., 1895, 207. - preliminary note on a new base derivedfrom camphoroxime, P., 1896, 145. See Arthur Rich- ardson. Fortey, Zmily C. Frankland, Perez/ Tarada-y, and John MacGregor, on some of the ethereal salts of active and inactive monoben- zojl-, dihenzoyl-, diplienylacetyl-, and dipropionjl-glyceric acids, T., 104 ; P., 1896, 9. Frankland, Percy Faraclay, and Robert IIbwson Pickard, rotation of optic- alIF active coniponnds in organic solvents, T., 123; P., 1896, 11.Frankland, Percy Paraday, and Tred- ericr’c Malcolm Wharton, position iso- merism and optical activity. The methylic and ethylic salts of ortho-, meta-, and para-dit,olLiyltartaric acids, T., 1309; Y., 1896, 148. -- position isomerism and optical activity. The comparative rotatory powers of tlie dibenzoyl-, and clitoluyl- tartrates, T., 1583; Y., 1896, 186. G. Galloway, Robert, obituary notice of, Gardner, Joh.lt Addy:i;nn. See James Goodwin, William. See William Goulding, Erneyt. See Wyndham Graham, Edward. See Harold Baily Gunnell, Oswald. See Arthur George T., 733. Eme.rt Marsh. Henry Perkin, jun. Rozoland Dunstan. Dixon. Perkin. H. Hada, Seihaehi, how mei-curous and inercuric salts change into each other, Haga, Famemasa.See Edward Divers. Hake, H. Wilson, preliminary note on the absorption of moisture by de- liquescent salts, P., 1896, 33 ; diseus- sion, ibid., 35. Harcourt, Auyicslzi.r George TTernoia, Presidential Address, l’., 561 ; P., 1896, 80. Harker, J. A. See Harold Baily Dixon. Hartley, Walter A’oel, the determina- tion of the composition of a “white sou ” by a method of spectrographic analysis, T., 842; P., 1896, 98. - on the temperature of certain flames, T., 844; P., 1896, 98. Haworth, .Edward, and Wdliam Benry Perkin, jun., note on the prepara- tion of glycol, T., 175; P., 1896, 37. T., 1667 ; P., 1896, 182. 5 ~ 21706 INDEX OF AUTHORS. Haworth, Edward. See also William Benry Bentley. Heinke, J o h ~ LeatAart, and William Henry Perkin, jun., action of etliylic P-iodopropionate on the sodium deri- vative of ethylic isopropglmalonate, T., 1506; P., 1896, 155.Helmholtz, Herrnann Ludwig Terdi- nand von, memorial lecture on, T., 885; P., 1896, 25. Benderson, George Gerald, and John A!!. Barr, the action of certain acidic oxides on salts of the hydroxy acids. III., T., 1451; P., 1896, 168. Henderson, James, action of sugars on ammoniacal silver nitrate, T., 145 ; I?., 1896, 9. Henderson, James. See also James Walker. Rewitt, John Theodore, and Frank G. Pope, the condensation of cliloral with resorcinol, T., 1265; I?., 1896, 150. Hewitt, John Theodore, and Henry E. Stevenson, the three chlorobenzenc- azosalicylic acids, T., 1257 ; P., 1896, 149. Hodgkinson, William Richard Eaton, fluorene and acenaplithen?, P., 1896, 110.Hofmann, August Wilhelin con, nie- morial lectures on, T., 575, P., 1893, 133. Hooker, Samuel C., the constitution of lapaehol and its derivatives. Part 111. The structures of the nmylene chain, T., 1355 : P., 1896, 166. - lomatiol (hgclroxyisolapachol) , T., 1381 ; l’,, 1896, 166. Hummel, John James. See Arthur Qeorge Perkin. Humphreys, W. J., solution and diffu- sion of certain metals in mercury, T., 243, 1679; P., 1896, 5, 220. Hutchinson, Arthtcr and William Pol- lard, lead tetracetate and the plumbic salts, T., 212 ; P., 1896, 30. J. Jackson, Dauid Hamilton. See 7Fynd- ham Rowland Dunstan. Jackson, Herbert, note on the use of certain phosphorescent substances in rendering X-rays visible ; P., 1896, 57 ; discussion, ihid., 60. Japp, Francis Robert, and Q.Druce Lander, condensation of benzil with ethylic acetoacetate, T., 736 ; P., 1895, 146. 7- synthesis of pcntacarbon rings. Part I. Anhydrncetonebend and its homologues, P., 1896, 108. Japp, 3ranci.s Robert, and G. Druce Lander, reduction of desyleneacetic wid, and the constitution of Zinin’s pyroamaric acid, P., 1896, 109. - - synthesis of pentacarbon rings. P a r t 11. Condensation 01 bezzil with acetonedicarboxylic acid, P., 1896, 109. Japp, Francis Roh~rt, and Thoinns Smith rdurray, synthesis of penta- carbon rings. P a r t 111. Condensa- tion of benzil with levulic acid, P., 1896, 146. Jones, ,4. ZVentworth, molecular volume change duriiig the formation of dilute solutions in organic liquids, P., 1895, 179. Jordan, Dacid Smiles.See WiZZiam Arthur Bone. Jowett, Hooper Al6ert Dirkinson, contributions to our knowledge of thc aconite alkaloids. Part XIII. On atisine, the alkaloid of Aconitunz heterophyllum, T., 1518 ; P., 1896, 158. K. Kelvin, 7ViIliain Thomson ( L o r d ) , congratulatory address to, P?, 1896, 121. Xipping, Frederick Stanley, w-bromo- camphoric acid, T., 61; P., 1895, 212. - deriratives of crtmphoric acid, Part I, T., 913 ; P., 1895,33,88,210 ; 1896, 114. - wdibromocamphoric acid and its derivatives, P., 1895, 211. Kipping, Frederick Stanley, and William J. Pope, 7r-chlorocamphoric acid, P., 1895, 213. Kipping, Prederick Stanley. See also Arthur Lapworth, Cecil Revis. L. Lander, G. Druce. See B a n c i s ]tobet-€ JaPP. Lapworth, Arthwr, note on the formn- tion of camphorquinone from a- chloronitrocamphor, T., 322 ; P., 1896, 76.Lapworth, Arthur, and Frederick Stanley Kipping, isomeric wbromo- a-nitro-camphors, T., 304 ; P., 1895, 209 ; 1896, ’77. - - derivatives of camphene- sulphonic acids, T., 1546 ; P., 1895, 57; 1896,152, 185.ISDES OF AUTHORS. 1707 Law, Zobert, an auxiliary assay bal- ance, l'., 526; P., 1896, 75. Laycock, 'CVilliam Frederick, an ex- amination of the prodiicts obtained by the dry distillation of- bran w-ith lime, P., 1896, 38. Lewes, Pivian Byam, the acetylene theory of luminosity, T., 226; P., 1896, 1 ; discussion, ibid., 3. Loew, Oscar, the physiological action of amidosnlphonic acid, T., 1662 ; P., 1896,182. Luxmoore, Charles Mnnn, the oximes of benzaldehyde and their derivatives, T., 177; P., 1895, 149.M. XacGregor, JOJLIZ. See Pcrey Para- day Frankland. Mackenzie, John Edwin, dimethuxy- diphenylniethane and some of its homologues, T., 985 ; P., 1896, 117. Maclaurin, J. S., double sulphides of gold and other metals, or the action at a red heat of sulphur on gold when alloyed with other metals, T., 1269 ; P., 1896, 149. -- the relative weights of gold and silver dissolred by potassium cyanide solutions from alloys of these metals, T., 1276 ; P., 1896, 149. XcLeod, Herbert, liberation of chlor- ine durinn the heating of a mixture of potnsk chlorate ant1 mniiganic peroxide, T., 1015 ; P., 1896, 141. M'Roberts, George, obituary notice of, Marchlewski, L e o . See E'dlcard Schunck. Marsh, James Ern&, and John Addy- ma?$ Gardner, researelies on the ter- penes.VI. Products of the oxidation of camphene. Cartiphoic acid and its deriratiyes, T., 74; P., 1895, 206; discussion, ibid., 206. Marshall, B. i7leryn C., the rotation of aspartic acid, 'I., 1022; P., 1896, Meldola, Raphael, monouitroguaiacol, P., 1896, 125. Meldola, Xapkael, and Emest Robert Andrews, the alkaline reduction of metanitraniline, T., 7; P., 1895, 214. Meldola, Raphael, and Frederick William Streatfeild, mixed diazo- suiides containing an ortho-nitro- group, P., 1896, 49. benzene: a study of the relations T., 734. 196. - - all~lparadinitrodinzoamido- between melting point and constitu- tion, P., 1896, 51. Meldola, Raphael, George ITarold Woolcott, and Edward Wray, con- tributions to the chemistry of the phenol deriratives, T., 1321 ; Y., 1896,163.Meyer, Jztliu.~ LotJmr, memorial lecture on, T., 1403; P., 1896, 119. Murray, Thomas Smith. See Francis Bobert Japp. N. Newth, Geovge S., an apparstus for sliowing expeihents a-itli ozone, T., 1298; P., 1896,139. - note on the action of liydrofluoric acid on crystallised silicon, P., 1895, 176. Nicholls, A. See PTi'illiaat Augustus Tilden. Nicol, Williccnz Walker Jamps, the molecular volumes of orgallic sub- stances in solution, T., 142; P., 1895, 237. 0. O'Sullivan, Cornelius, and Arthur Landauer Stern, the identity of dextrose from different sources, with special reference to the cupric oxide reducing power, T., 1691 ; Y., 1896, 218. P. Pasteur, Louis, telegram of condolence on the deathof, P., 1895, 167. Paterson, Daaid, effiorescence of double ferrous aluminium sulphate on bricks expoecd to sulphur dioxide, T., 66; P., 1895, 203.Patterson, Thomas Stewart, iodoso- and iodoxy-benzaldehSdes, T., 1002; P., 1896, 153. Perkin, Arthur George, luteolin. Part I. T., 206; P., 1896, 37. Part 11. T., '799; P., 1896, 105. - acid compounds of natural ccolour- ing matters, T., 1439; P., 1896, 167. Perkin, Arthur George, and Rermam Bablich, morin. Part I. T., 792; P., 1896, 106. Perkin, Aythur George, and Oswald Gunnell, the colouring matter of Querbracho Colorado, T., 1303 ; P., 1896,158. Perkin, A r t h w Georfe, and John James Hummel, the colouring prin,1708 ISDEX OF AUTHORS. Perkin, William Henry, jun., and Jocelun Fkld Thorae. the condensa- I ciple contained in the bark of iiyrica magi, T., 1287 ; P., 1896, 145.Perkin, Arthur George, and John James Hunnmel, occurrence of quer- cetin in the outer skins of the bulb of the onion, %., 1295 ; P., 1896, 144. -- the colouring matters occur- ring in British plants, T., 1566; P., 1896, 185. Perkin, A r t h u r George, and George Young, colouring matter of Sicilian sumach, Xhus coriaria, T., 1299 ; P., 1896, 157. Perkin, Williaiit Raary, seiz., the influ- ence of temperature on refractive power and on the refraction equira- lents of acetylacetone and of ortho- and para-toluidine, T., 1 ; P., 1895,199. -- Hofmann Memorial Lecture : the origin of the coal-tar industry and the contributions of Hofnisnn and his pupils, T., 696; P., 1893, 137. - on magnetic rotatory power, especially of aromatic compounds, Perkin, William Henmy, j u u .(and in part William Goodwin and Jocehyn Field Thorpe), some derivatives of propionic acid, of acrylic acid, and of glutaric acid, T., 1457; P., 1896, 154, 170. T., 1025 ; P., 1896, 122. tain inetnls in mercury. P., 1896, 319. Pope, William .Jackson, pol-ymorphisrm as an explanation of the thermo- chemical peculiarities of chloral and bromal hydrates, P., 1896, 142. I_ a compound of cnmphoric acid with acetone, I., 1696; P., 1896, 217. Pope, William Jao7csoit. See also .Frederick Stanley xipging. Proude, James, and ?Villiam Henry Wood, experiments on the formation of the so-called ammonium amalgam, P., 1895, 236. Purdie, Thomas, and Sidney William- son, ethereal salts of optically active rnalic and lactic acids, T., 815; P., 1896,96. R. Revis, Cecil, and Frederick Staide9 Kipping, deriratircs of a-hyrlrin- done, P., 1895, 214.-- bromocaniphor, P., 1898, 77. Richardson, Arthur, and Em{I?/ C. Fortey, action of light on amp1 dco- hol, T., 1349; P., 1896, 164. -- note on the action of light on ether, T., 1352; P., 1896, 165. Roberts-Austen, William Chandler, note on Mr. W. J. Humplireys' paper on the solution and diffusion of cer- J ~- - 7 tion of halogen deriratires of fatty Ruhemann, Siqfrierl, forination of ethereal salts with ketones and pyrazolone derivatives from chloro- l,,t,,:, ..,:,1, D 1Qna l E < +'7.-3e..:- --:A m 1 onn ~ 13 iona ntxuuici LILLLLJ, I ., A a u u , I U U . ILLIIIL(ILIG +&LILL, I., ~ o d r , I., &ouu, Perkin, William Henry, j m . See also 166. William Artkiir Bone, W'illirrm , Ruhemann, Siegfried, and E.A. Henry Bentley, Edward Haworth, 1 Tyler, contributions to the know- and John Leathart Heinke. 1 ledge of ethylic acetoacetate. Part Pickard, Robert Hoirsow. See Percy I. Acetonylmalic acid, T., 530 ; FOWJC~OTI Frankland. 1 P.. 1896 73 - __. I'"1J - ___-II_-___ Playfair, Lord, Hofmann memorial lecture. Personal reminiscences of Hofmann, and of the condit,ions which led to the establishment of the Royal College of Chemistry, and his appointment as its professor, T., 575 ; P., 1893, 133. Pochin, Isenvy Davis, obituary notice of, T., 735. Pollard, William. See Art7mr Hut- chinson. - 7 --- -, - -. Ruhernann, Siegfried, and C. G. L. Wolf, contributions to the know- ledge of the &ketonic acids, T., 1353 ; P., 1896, 166. ~ S. I Sakurai, J G j i , the molecular con- ~ ductivity of arnidosulphonic acid, - constitution of glycocine, P., 1896, ' T., 1654 ; P., 1896, 181.I "PY, z , U,"," >. . W Y Y " V l Y l l ...."-".""I v VV. Hewit t . Schunck, Edward, and Leo March- Pope, William Jackson, substances lewski, Borne derivatives of anthra- exniair;ing circuiw poiwisiCuuIi U O ~ I L quinune, I ., 00 ; I ., LOW^, LUO. in the amorphous and crgstalline Sell, William James, studies on citra- states, T., 971; P., 1896, 116. I zinic acid. Part IV. T., 1447 j line salts, T., 1530 ; P., 1896, 177. j Shaw, George E l l i o t t , perioclides of - the refraction constants of crystal- ' P., 1896, 165. t1ianhvnm;no 1' In'>. PINDEX OF AUTHORS. 1709 Smith, Claud. See Charles Frederick Cross. Snape, Henry Llopd, on certain phenylthiocarbamates, T., 9s ; P., 1898, 12.Spivey, W. T. Xeiutoiz. See Thoinns Barlow Wood. Stephens, 3'. 12. See 7V'ilZiaea Henry Symons. Stern, Arthur Landauer. See COT- webius O 'S ullivan . Stevenson, Henry A'. See Johiz Theo- dwe Hewitt. Strange, E. I€. Sce Ilurolcl Bail:! Dixon. Streatfeild, If'rederic7c William. See Raphael Meldola. Symons, William IIenrJy, and 2'. R. Stephens, carbon dioxide : its volu- metric determination, T., 869 ; P., 1896, 103. T. Thomas, G. L., and Sydney Young, normal liexane from light petroleuin (petroleum ether), P., 1895, 173. Thorpe, Jocelyn Field. See JVdliuna Henry Bentley, Willianz Henry Perkin, jun. Tickle, Thowms. See Wyudhain Xozu- land Dunstan. Tilden, Jvd/iam Azigustzis, the action of broniiiie on piiiene with reference t o tjhe question of its constitution, T., 1009; P., 1896, 137.Tilden, William Augustus, and Robert E. Barnett, the molecular weight and formula of phosphoric anhydride and of metaphosphoric acid, T., 154 ; P., 1896, 30, discussioii, ibid., 30. Tilden, C-ViZEium Augz(stus, and A . Nicholls, preliminary note on some product froni pinene tetmbroniide, P., 1896, 138. Tutton, Alfred Edwin, connection between tlte atomic weight of cun- tained metals and the cyystallographi- cal charavters of isomorphons salts. The volume and optical relationships of the potassium, rubidium, and cesium salts of the monoclinic series of double sulphates, T., 34.4 ; Y., 1896, 68. - comparison of the results of the investigations of the simple and double sulpbates containing potas- sium, rubidiuui, and csesium, and general deductions therefrom con- cerning the inlluence of atomic weight R,M (SO,):,GH,O, on crystal character, T., 495; P., 1 1896, 71.I Tutton, Alfred Edwin, the bearing of the results of the inrestigations of 1 simple and double snlphates contnin- ing potassium, rubidium, and cmiuni 1 on the nature of the structural unit, 1 T., 507; P., 1896, 71. Tyler, E. A . See Siegfried Ruhe- mann. I V. Vernon Harcourt. See Harconrt. W. Walker, James, and Jaines R. Apple- yard, transformaLions of the allij-L amrnoniari cyanntes into the corre- sponding urms, T., 193 ; Y., 1896,12. -- absorption of dilute acids by silk, T., 1334; P., 1896, 147. Walker, James, and James Hender- son, electrolysis of potassium 2110- ethjlic camphorate. Part 11, T., 748 ; P , 1896, 110. Walker, James Wallace, electroljsis of the salts of monhydroxy-acids, T., 1278; P., 1896, 157. - action of formaldehyde on plienrl- liydrazine and on some hydmzii:es, T., 1280; P., 1896, 157. Wharton, Frede~*ick 3falcoZm. See Percy flaradn!/ Frankland. Willcax, W. H., note on the estimx- tion of butyric acid, P., 1895, 202. Williamson, Sidizey. See Thoinns Purdie. Wilsmore, AT. 2'. 1Y. See Johni'ior- man Collie. Wolf, C. G. L. See Siegfried Ruhe- mann. Wood, Thomas Barlow, availab!o potash and phosphoric acid in soils, T., 287 ; P., 1896, 13. Wood, Thomas Badow, TV. T. iieictou Spivey, and Thomas Hill Easter- field, charm, the resin of Indian hemp, T., 539; P., L896, 76. Wood, JVillinni Benrg. See Jtc1ne.r Proude. Woolcott, George Harold. See Raphael Xeldola. Wray, Edward. See Raphael 1\ICeldola. Wynne, William Palmer. See .Eez~*y Edward Armstrong. Y. Young, Geoiye. See -4rlhur Gewge Young, SydizpJI. See G. L. Thomas, Perkin.

ISSN:0368-1645    

DOI:10.1039/CT8966901703

出版商:RSC    

年代:1896

数据来源: RSC

摘要:

INDEX OF SUBJECTS. T R A N SAC T I 0 N S. 18 9 6. (Marked T.) ; and to Proceedings of the Session 1895-1896, Nos. 155 to 168, Nov., 1895--June, 1896 (marked P.). J. ERUCE. A . W. CROSSLEE’, M.Ec., 1’Ii.D. ‘2. EWAN, B.Sc., P11.D. 31. 0. FORSTEB, Ph.D. J. S. HALDABE, &LA., M.D. INDEXERS. If. A. n. JOWETT, D.Sc. 1’. A. 1L RICIIAXDS. 1,. J. SPENCER, 1II.A. J. B. THORPE, P1i.L). A. -lcenaphthene, magnetic rotatory power, &c., of (PERKIN), T., 1088, 1083, 1197, 1242. oxidation of (HODGKrSsOs), P., 1896, 110. Acetaldehyde, foi*mation of, from ether bv action of light (ElCHARDSON and FOIWEY), T., 1355; P., 1896, 166. a-Ac.ot amido-?r-bromocamphor (LAP- WORTII and KIPPISG), T., 31’7. o-Acetnmidophenol and its acctjl deri- vative (lwELDOL.4, WOOLCOTT, and 2 : 4-bromonitro- (MELDOLA, WOOL- COTT, and WRAY), T., 1326 ; P., 1896, 163.anhydride ( MELDOLA, VOOLCOTT, and WRAY), T., 1337 ; P., 1896, 164. 5-nitro-, acetyl derivatiw of (MEz- i)or,b, WOOLCOTT, and WRAY), T., 1325 ; P., 1896, 163. Acctxnilide, constitution of (COIIEX :tvtl ARCHDEACON), T., 96. magietic rotatory power, kc., of (PRXKIN), T., 1114,1216,1246. acLioii of sulphur on ( H O F X ~ X N LEC- TITRE), T., 713. use of, i n preparing aniline deriva- tives (HOEXANN LECTURE), T., 695. sodium ethoxide (COIIEX and Ai<ciz- DEACON), T., 93. \::LAY), T., 1323. Bcetsnilido sodiunz niethoxidc, prepara- tion of (COHEN and ARCH- DEACON), T., 91; P., 1896, 8. action of benzck chloride on (Coimx a i d ARCHDEACON), !I!., 92. dcetanilide, p-chlor- (CHATTAWAT and o -p - diclilor-, and its 11 ypochlori te (CHATTAWAT and E v s ~ s ) , T., Acet-o-anisidide, 4-niti-o- ( XELDOLA, WOOLCOTT, and WRAY), T., 5-nitro- (MELDOLLA, WOOLCOTT, and WRAY), T., 1331; P., 1896, 16 1..dcetethj Ianilamide, action of sodium inethoxicle and etjhoxide on (COHEN and A~~C~ZDEACOX), T., 93; P., 1896, 8. Acetic acid, formation of, from ether by action of light (RICHARDSON and FORTEY), T., 1355 ; Y., 1896, 16G. msqnetic rotatory power of (PERKIX), Y., 1251. absorption by silk of dilute (w-ALKER and APPLEYARD), T., 1346; l’., 1896, 147. iicclic acid : lead tetracetate, history and preparation of ( ~ ~ ~ T C I I I N S O N and POLLARD), T., 212, 213; P., 1896, 31. EVANS), T., 849; P., 1896, 97. 849, 850 ; P., 1896, 97. 1330; P., 1896, 164.IX-DEX OF SUBJECTS. 1711 Acetic acid, lead tctracetate, crystdlography of (HUTCHISSON and POLLARD), T., 215; P., 1896, 31.action of glacial acetic acid on (HTJTCII~NSON and POLLARD), Y’., 214. action of halogen acids on (HUT- CHINSON and POLLARD), T., 218, 219, 220; P., 1896, 31. action of hydrogen sulphide on (HUTCHINSON and POLLARD), T., 220. action of orthophosphoric acid on (HUTCHINSON and POLLARD), ‘l’., 221 ; P., 1896, 31. actioii of sulphiiric acid on ( H ~ T - CHINSON and POLLARD), T., 221. action of water on (HUTCHINSON and POLLARD), T., 214, 218; P , 1896, 31. A4cetic acid, o-acetamidoplienyiic salt, and its hydrate and 5-nitro-deriva- tive ( MELDOLA, WOOLCOTT, and WRAY), y., 1323; P . , 1896, 163. (hfELDOLA, WOOLCOTT, and acetoguaiacolauiide salt, nitro- WBAY), T., 1331; P . , 1896, 164.amylic salt, molecular volunie of, in organic solvents (NICOL), T., 143 ; P., 1895, 237. anthraflavic acid salt (HOFMANN LECTURE), T., 633. benzaldehyde, 1%-iodoso-, salt (PAT- TERSON), T., 10@4; P., 1896, 153. benz-anti-aldoxime salt ( LCX- butjlic salt, lrolecular Tolume of, in organic solvents (NICOL), T., 143 ; P., 1895, 237. guaiarol salt (MELDOLA), P., 1896, nitro- (MELDOLA), P., 1896, 126. iso-B-lapachol salt (HOOKER), T., 1364. a-lapachone salt (HOOKER), T., 1371, 1372. inetliylic salt, molecular volume of the, in organic solvents (NICOL), T., 143; I?., 1895, 237. 4.-chloro-3-nitroplienol salt (MEL- DOLA, w-OOLCOTT, and ’CI.’RAP), T., 1323 ; Y., 1896, 163. 2-cliloro-4-nitropl1enol salt of (MEL- DOLA, WOOLCOTT, and WI~AY), T., 1328 ; P., 1896, 164.phenylic salt, magnetic rotatory power, &c., of (PERPIN), T., 1064, 2075, 1076, 1179, 1238. Acetic acid, chloro-deriratives of, mag- netic rotatory power and relative MOORE), T., 185. 126. density of (PERKIN), T., 1063 J 1 i 72, 1236. Acetic acid, trichlor-, inagnetic rotatory power and relative density of (PERKIN), T., 1063, 1172, 123G. ..4cetoacetic acid, ethjlic salt, magnetic rotatory power and relatire den- sity of (PERPIN), T., 1063,1172, 1236. volatility of its copper coinpoulld (JAPP and LANDER), T., ‘737. action of ethylic chlorofumarate and ethylic chloromalente on (RUHEMANN and TYLER), T., 532; P., 1896, 73. and ethylic a-bromisobutyrate, action of zinc on (PERKIN and TRORPE), P., 1896, 156. condensation of, with benzil (JAPP and LANDER), T., 736 ; P., 1895, 146.condensation of, with a-clilorocro- tonic acid (RUHENANN and WOLFF), T., 1391; P., 1896, 166. sodio-, ethylic salt, action of ethylic 15-iodopropionate on (BENTLEY and PERKIN), T., 1511. dcetodiphenglamide, action of sodium inethoxide and ethoxide on (COREN and ARCHDEACON), T., 94 ; P., 1896, 8. Acetoguaiacolamide, nitro- [OH : OMe : NO, : NHAc = I : 2 : 4 : 61 (MELDOLA, WOOL- COTT, and WRAY), T., 1331; P., 1896, 164. Aceto-a-naphthylamide sodium etlioxide (:OHEX and ARCHDEACON), T., 93 ; 1 ., 1896, 8. Aceto-fi-naphthjlamide sodium ethox- ide (COIIEN and ARCRDEACON), T., 93 ; P., 1896, 8. Aceto-a-naphtliylaiid e sodium ineth- oxide (COHEN and ARCHDEACON), T., 93 ; P., 1896, 8. Acetone, action of etliylic a-bromopro- pionate on (PERKIX and THOBPE), T., 1482; P., 1896, 156.Acetonedirarboxylio acid, condensation of, with benzil (JAPP and LANDER), P., 1896, 109. Acetonylinalic acid, barium, silver, and phenylhydrazine salts (RuHEMANh- and TYLER), l’., 534; P., 1896, 74. Acetophenone, magnetic rotatory power, &c., of (PERKIN), T., 1064, 1091, 1092, 1200,1243. Acetophenonehydrazone, action of form- alde1iF.de on (WALKER), T., 12SU. Acetophenglthiocarbaniide, action of acetic chloride on (DORAN), T., 343,1712 INDEX OF SUBJECTS. Acetophenyltliiocarbamide, action of 1 ethylic chlorocarboiiate on (DORAN), T., 343. Aceto-o-toluidide sodium ethoxide (COIIEN and ARCHDEACOR), T., 93 ; P., 1898, 8. sodium methoxide (COHES and ARCH- DEACON), T., 93; P., 1896, 8. Aceto-p-toluidide sodium ethoxide (COHEN and AMXDEACOS), T., ’ 93 ; P., 1896, 8.sodium metlioxide (cOHEN and ~ ARCHDEACON), T., 93; P., 1896, 8. j PIEG), T., 949; P., 1896, 115. zu-ilcetoxycis-rr-camphanic acid (KIP- 8-Acetoxycamphoric anhydride (KIP- PIEG), T., 940; P., 1896,115. Acetylacetone, refraction equivalents of, ~ a t different* temperatures (PEEKIN), j P., 1895, 199; T., 2. I Acetyl-n-br0iiio-a-1.sonitrocamplior I (LAPWORTH and ~~IPPINQ), y., 320. y-Acetylbutpric acid (BEETLET and 1 PERKIN), T., 1511. action of nitric acid on (BEKTLEY 2nd PERKIN), T., 1512; I?., 1896,169. oxime of (BENTLEY and ~ R K I N ) , T., 1512 ; P., 1896, 169. semicarhazone of (BENTLEY and PER- XIN), T., 1513; P., 1896,169. Acetylcaiiiiabinol (WOOD, > PIVET, and EASTERFIELD), T., 545; P., 1896, 76. 2-Acetyl-1 : l’-dihydrox~-3 : 3’-dirne- thylnaphthalene, behaviour of, towards sulphuric acid (COLLIZ and WILSNORE), T., 898; P., 1896, 47.Acetylene, synthesis from carbon and hydrogen OP (BONE and JORDAN), P., 1896, 62. luminosity of hydrocarbon Barnes due to (LEWES), T., 226; P., 1896, 1. explosive mixtnres of air and (CLOWES), P., 1896, 143. estimation of, in air (CLOWES), P., 1896,144. Acetylglutaric acid, ethylic salt, and hydrolysis of (BENTLEY and PERKIN), Acetyl-d-lactic acid, rotatory power of the ethylic salt of (PURDIE and WILLIANEON), T., 828; P., 1896, 97. Acetylluteolin triethgl ether (PERGIN), T., 801; Y., 1896, 105. Acetylmalic acid, rnethylic salt, specific rotation of (PERDIE and WILLIAM- SON), T., 834; P., 1896, 97. Acetylmorin tetramctyl ether ( PERPIN and BABLICH), T., 797; P., 1896, 106.T., 1511; P., 1896, 169. Acetylphenylrnalic acid and its s d t 3 (RUHEMIANN and WOLFF), T., 1385 ; P., 1896, 166. ,k?-dcetylpropionic acid. See Le rulinic acid. Acetjlisorhamnetin (PERGIN and HTM- MEL), T., 1569; P., 1896, 186. Acid C8HiN03, obtained by thc action aminobenzoic acid, and its bariuni salt (ELLIOTT), T., 1515 ; P., 1896, 171. C9Hi4O3, front potassium alloethylio csmphorate : its phenylhydrazone (WALKER and HENUERSON), T., 755 ; P., 1896, 110. CloHI,03, from a-bromocampholide, bariiiin salt (FORSTER), T., 31. C10HIT,03, from oxidation of hydro- carbon arising from pinene tetra- bromide (TILDEN and NICILOLLS), P., 1896, 13‘3. CI(IHI,02, froiii clibroiiiocanipholide : its barium salt, dibromc-derivatiIT-1: (FORSTER), T., 44; P., 1895, 208.CIOHIGOT,, froiii bromocampliorenii: acid, and its silver salt (FORSTER), T., 49; P., 1895, 208. Cl,,H,x03, from c*ampliolide : its barium salt (FORSTEB), T., 57; l’., 1895,209. Acocine, acetyl and benzoyl deriratires of (DUNSGAN m d CAW), P., 1895, 178. Aconitic acid, occnrrence of, in Acouitzi m heterophyllum (JOWETT), T., 1521 j P., 1996, 158. Aconitine, action of methylic alcol101 0:1 (DUNSTAN, TICKLE, and JACKSON), Y., 1896, 159. estimation of nitrogen in, by the absolute method (DUXSTAX and CARR), P., 1896, 48. AcoiLitunz lieferoph~/llitrn, atisine, tlie alkaloid of, and aconitic acid in (JOWETT), ’l’., 1618; P., 1896, 158. Acraldehyde, prepara tion of (HOFXANN LECTURE), T., 697. Acrylic acid, preparation of ( ~ O P X ~ N S Address, congratulatory, to tlie Institute of France, P., 1895, 167; reply thereto, P., 1895, 199.of chloroform ilnd pottzsh 011 UZ- LECTURE), T., 697. to Lord Kelrin, P., 1896, 121. to Professor Stannizzaro, P., 1896, 120. of condolence on the death o€ Louis presidential, of A. W. Vernon Hnr- Alcohol-radicles, nature of (HOFMAXN Yasteur, ?., 1895, 19’7. court, T., 563 ; P., 80. LECTURE), T., 696.IXDEX OF SUBJECTS. 1713 Alcohol-radicles, haloi’ds of, use of, as agents of substitution (HOFXANN LECTUKE), T., 659. Aldehydocit,razinic acid, its oxiine and phenylhydrazine deriratire (SELL), T., 1449 ; P., 1896, 168. Alizarin, formation of, from anthracene (HOPJIANN LECTURE), T., 627. brom-, formation of (HOFMANN LEC- TURE), T., 633. @-nitro-, preparation of (HOFIfAXN LECTURE), T., 633. Alizarin-yellows, A and C, non-forma- tion of acid compounds of (PERPIH), T., 1440 ; P., 1896,167.Alkaloids, constitution of (HOFMANPT LECTURE), T., 650, 651. acid solutions of, action of light on (RICHARDSON), and FORTEY), T., 1349. AZZiuin cepa, occurrence of quercetin in outer skins of bulb of (PERKIN and HuMnrEL), T., 1295; P., 1896, 144. Allophanic acid, thio., ethylic sait, probable non-existence of (DDRAN), T., 339, 344; P., 1896, 75. Allylbenzene, magnetic rotatory power, &c., of (PERKIN), T., 1054, 1126, 1143, 1149, 1224, 1246. (MELDOL-4 and STREATFEILD), I?., 1896, 51. Allylic alcohol, preparation and pro- perties of (HOFNANN LECTURE), T., 687. bromide, prepamtion of (HOFXANN LECTURE), T., 697. chloride, preparation of (HOFMANN LECTURE), T., 697.iodide, preparation of (KGFMANN LECTURE), T., 697. sulphide, preparation of ( HOFMAKX LECTURE), T., 697. Allylthiocarbimide, synthesis of (HOF- action of bromine on (DIXON), T., 17. action of iodine and iodine nionobro- mide on (DIXON), T., 26. ~4llylthiocarbimide, a-chlor- and n- broil-, action of ammonia on ( DISON), T., 25. Allgthiourea, action of bromine on ( a D ~ ~ ~ ~ ) , T., 18,19 ; P., 1895, 215. action of iodine on (DIXON), T., 25 ; P., 1895, 216. Allyltoluidine, preparation of (HoF- Sluminium, solution and diff iision of, in mercury (HUMPHREYS), T., 1679 ; P., 1896, 220. Aluminium ferrous sulphate, occurrence -411y1-p- dinitrodiazoamidobenzene NANN LECTURE), T., 697. MANN LECTURE), T., 604. of, on bricks exposed to sulphurous anhydride (PATBRSON), T., 66; P., 1895, 203.Amidep, action of bromine on (HOF- Amides, thio-, preparation of (HOF- dniine Cl4H1,BY2NZO2, obtained in the preparation of p-brom-o-anisidine (MELDOLS, WOOLCOTT, and WRAY), T., 1329. Aniines, action of bromine on @OF- action of carbon bisulphide on (EIoF- separation of (HOFMANN LECTURE), Amines, secondary and tertiary, pre- paration of (IIOFMANN LECTURE), T., 658. Amino-group, influence on the strength of acids of the (SAKURAI), T., 1659; P., 1896, 181. Ammonia, action of iodine on (CHATTA- WBY), T., 1577; P., 1896, 173. A4mmonium compounds, constitution of (HOPMA.” LECTURE), T., 667. Ammonium aivnlgnm ( PROUDE and antinionioinalate (HENDERSON nncl BARR), T., 1452; P., 1896, 168. antimoniomncate (HENDERSOX and BARR), T., 1453 ; P., 1896, 169.imidosulphonstes (I)ITERS and HAGA), T., 1621; P., 1896, 1’79. barium iniidosulphonates (DIT-ERS and HAGA), T., 1622. mercury iinidosulphonate (DIVERS and HAGA), T., 1629. iso-Amylcnrbamine, preparation of (HOFMANN LECTUXE), T., 709. A4niylic alcohol, action of light on (RICHARDSON and FORTEY), ‘I., B- iso-Am y lnap h thalene (HOOK E I<), T., 1356, 1358. p - 4nethoil. magnetic rotatory power, &c., of (PERKIK), T., 1148, 1226, 1247. MAXN LECTURE), T., 7l9. MANN LECTURE), T., 710. MANS LECTUEE), T., 720. XANN LECTURE), T., 663. T., 662. WOOD), P., 1895,236. 1349 ; P., 1896, 164. Snhydroacetonedibenzil, reduction of (JAPP and LANDER), T., 745. Anhydrocamphoic acid (MARSH and GARDNER), T., 76; P., 1895, 206. Anhydrodibenzylacetoacetic acid. ethylic salt of (JAPP and LAKDER), T., 737 ; P., 1895, 146.Anhydrodihydroxy hydrolapachol, syn- thesis of (HOOKER), T., 1370, 1378. Aniline, discovery of (HOFMANN LEC- preparation of (HOFNARN LECTURE), TURE), T., 597. T., 642.1714 INDEX OF SUBJECTS. Aniline, composition oE (HOFXANN magnetic rotatory power, &c., of LECTURE), T., 641. 1207,1214. (PERKIN, T., 1064, 1098, 1155, action of cyanic acid on (HOFXAKS LECTURE), T., 648. action of cganogen on (HOEMANN LECTURE), T., 590, 649. action of cysiiogen haloids on (.HOFMANN LECTURE)), T., 590. action of cganogen chloride on ( HOF- XAXN LECTURE), T., 649, 650. action of, on mercur3iiy iodide (.FRANCOH), A., i, 22. action of phosgene gas on (HOFXANX LECTURE), T., 619. ch!orination of ( HOFXAIW LECTURE), T., 644. A d i n e and its salts, constitution of (HOFMANN LECTURE), T., 655.compounds oE phosphoric acid with l~ydrochloride, magnetic rotatory power, &c., of (PERKIN), T., 1111, 1159, 1218, 1235, 1246. Aniline, substitution products of, con- stitution of (HOFNANN LECTURE), T., 661. substitution of chlorine and bromine Aniline, bronio-d erivat i r es of, basic character of (IIoFia" LECTURE), Y'., 646. p-broin-. action of ethylic bromide on ( HOFXANN LECTURE), T., 661. m-chlor, magnetic rotatory power, &c., of (PERPIS), T., 1106, 1131, 1205, 1244. p-clilor-, preparation of ( AOFIIANK LECTURE), T., 615 ; (LOB), b., i, 605. magnetic rotatory power, (Fc, of (PERPIN), T., 1106, 1131, 1208, 1244. action of ethylic bromide on ( KOF- di-chlor-, preparation of (HOFMANN LECTURE), T , 648- o-p-dichlor-, preuaration of (CHAT- TAWAP and EVANS), T., 850; Y., 1896, 98.2 : 4 : 6-trichlor, preparation of ( HOFMANN LECTURE), T., 644. p-iodo-, preparation of (HOBMAKX LECTURE), T., 649. ?%-nitro-, preparation of ( ETOFNANN LECTURE), T., 646, 647. alkaline reduction of (MELDoLaand ANDREWS), T., 5'; P., 1895,214. Aniline, m-nitro-, action of ethylic brom- ide on (HOFXANN LECTURE), T., 661. (HOFXAKX LECTURE), T., 590. ill (I~OFMANN r>ECTURE), T., 645,. MANN LECTUILE), T.. 661. Anisaldeliyde, magnetic rotatory power kc., of (PERKIN), T., 1128, 1136, 1200,1242. dnisic acid, magnctic rotatory, k c , of the ethylic salt of (PEHIEIN), T., 1138, 1136, 1160, 1176, 1231. Anisic alcohol, magnetic rotatory power and relative density of (PERKIN), T., o-Anisicline, magnetic rotatory power, &c., of (PERKIN), T., 1131, 1211, 1245.p-brom- (MELDOLA, WOOLCOTT, and WRAY), T., 1339. 2 : 4-bromonitro- (MELDOLA, WOOL- COTT, and WRAP), T., 1327; I?., 1896,164. o-Acisidine, p-nitro-, and its acetvl derivative ( MELDOLA, WOOLCOTT, and Wray), T . , 1329; P., 1896,164. 5-nitro-, aud its acetyl dcrivative ( MELDOLA, WOOLCOTT. and WRAY), T., 1330 ; P., 1896, 164. p-Anisidine, magnctic rotatory powe i', &c., of (PERKIN), T., 1131, 1211, 1245. Amisoil (pbenyl inethyl oxide), magnetic rotatory power, &c., of (PERKIK), T., 1080, 1OS1, 1030, 1187, 1186, 1240. 4-bronio-2-nitro- ( NELDOLA, WOOL- COTT, and WRAY), !!!., 1329. 2 : 4-dinitro- preparation of (MEL- DOLA, WOOLCOTT, and WRAP), T., 1330. Auisoldisulphouic acid, preparation of (HOFMAKX LECTURE), Y., 697.Annual General Meeting, T., 563; P., Anthracene, discovery of (IIOFMAXX LECTUXE), T., 598. distillation o€ ( ~IOFMANN LECTURE), T , 630. Anthraccne, brom-, preparation of (HOFMANK LECTUSE), T., 601 ; P., 1893,138. dibroin- (HOFMANN LECTZ'RE), T., 633. clilor-, preparation of (HOPMANN LECTGRE), T., 601; P., 1893, 138. dichlor-, action of sulphuric acid on (HOFMANN LECTURE), T., 631. Anthracenedivulphonic acid, dichlor-, preparation of (HOFMANN LECTURE), T., 631. Antliracenesulphonic acid, dichlor-, preparation of (HOFMAXN LECTURE), T., 633. Anthrxflavic acid, compo3ition of, and its diacetyl and dibenzoyl derivativz~ (HOFMANN LECTURE), T., 633. iao-dnthraflavic acid, discovery of 1 1 2 5 , i i 3 6 , i i 9 9 , 1 ~ 4 2 . 1896, 80.(HOFMANN LECTURE), T., 633.INDEX OF SUBJECTS. 1715 Anthrapurpuramide, preparation of (HOFMANN LRCTURE), T., 633. Anthrapurpurin, formation and coni- position of (HOEMANN LECTURE), T., 633. Anthraquinone, discovery of (HOFJIAXX LECTURE), T., 601; P., 1893, 137. dibromo-derivatives of (HOFMAKX LECTURE), T., 633. Anthraquinone group of natural yellow colouring matters (PERKIS), T., 1441 ; P., 1896, 167. Anthraquinonedidphonic acid, pre- paration of (KOFMANN LECTURE), T., 631. Anthraquinoneoxime, methyl, ethyl, and benzyl ethers (SCHUNCK and MARCH- LEWSKI), T., 73 ; P., 1895, 203. hnthraquinonesulphonic acid, formation of (HOFMANN LECTURE), T., 629. Antimoniomalic acid, ammonium salt of (HENDEI~SON and BARR), T., 1452 ; I?., 1896, 16s. Antiuioniomucic acid, salts of (HEXDER- SON aild UARR), T., 1453 ; P., 1896, 163.Antimony, solution and diffusion in mercury of (HUXPHREPS), T , 1679 ; P., 1896, 220. Antimony pentachloride, action of, on cai-bon bisulphide (HOFMAXN LEC- TURE), T., ‘700. Triethylstibine, discovery of ( HOF- NANN LECTURE), T., 671. Artocarpus integriyoolia, colouring mac- ters o l (PERKIN and BABLICH), T., 792; P., 1896, 106; (PERKIN), T., 1440; P., 1896,167. Aspartic acid, rotatory power of (MAR- SHALL), T., 1022; P., 1896, 146. Assimilation, distinction between elaboration and (CROSS, BEVAN, end SNITH), T., 1605; P., 1896, 174. Atisine, extraction of, from the root of Aconitum keterophyllum and its purification (JOWETT), T., 1519 ; P., 1896, 158. properties and salts of (JOWETT), T., 1521 ; P., 1896, 158. action of alkalis and acids on (JOWETT), T., 1525 ; P., 1896,159.Atmospheric air, liquefact,ion of (DE- WAR), P., 1895, 221 ; (BLOUNT), P., 1895,232. Atomic weight or weights of the ele- ments (L. MEYER), (BEDSON), T., 1423; P., 1896,119. Atomic weight of Japanese tellurium (CHIKASHIG~), T., 881; I?., 1896, 151. Atoms, analogy of, with vortex rings (FITZG‘ERALD), T., 8%; P., 1896, 2.5. Atoms, forces acting between (FITB- GERALD), T., 001. Azobenzene, di-m-amino-, bisazimide, diacetyl and dibenzoyl derivatives, oxalate, azo-&naphthol cleriwtive ( MXLDOLA and ANDREWS), T., 10 ; P., 1895, 215. di-m-amino-, behaviour of, towards p-nitrodiazobenzme chloride ( h h L - DOLA and ANDREWS), T., 13. diiodo-, from di-na-aminoazobenzenc (MELDOT,A and ANDREWS), T., 13 ; P., 1895, 815.Azonsphthalene, amino-, discovery of (HOFMANR’ LECTURE), T., 603; P., 1893, 138. .~4zotrinaplith~ldiamine, preparation of (HOFM-44” LECTURE), T., 621. Azoxy benzene, di-nz-zmino-, dihydro- chloride, diacetyl derivative, bis- azimide, nzo-8-naphthol derivative (MELDOLA and rhDREWS), T., 7 ; Y., 1895, 215. diiodo-, from di-rn-aaiinoazoxS-beii- zene ( MELDOLA and AXDREWS), T., 10 j P., 1895,215. B. Balance, an auxiliary assay (LAW), T., Balance-sheet of the Chemical Society, Balance-sheet of the Research Fund, Barium imidosulphonates (DIVERS and HAGA), T., 1622; P., 1896, 179. tungstitartrate (HENDERSON and BARR), T., 1457; P., 1896, 169, Barley, yield of, from different soils (WOOD), T., 288; P., 1896, 13. strrtw.carbohydrates of (CROSS, BEVAN, and SMITH), T., 1604; P.,1898,174.Base, C1&lRN, from camphoroxitne and its salts (FORSTER), P., 1896, 146. Benzaldehyde, magnetic rotatory power, 1123,1199,1342. from the electrolysis of potassium mandelate (WALKER), T., 1279. 0-iodo-, and its dichloride (PATTER- SON), T., 1006; P., 1896,153. tn-jodo-, and its dichloride (PATTER- 60N), T., 1002; I?., 1896, 153. p-iotio-, and its dichloride (PATTER- SON), T., 1005; P., 1896, 153. o-iodoso- (PATTERSON), T., 1007 ; P., 1896, 153. 9%-iodoso (PATTERS ON), T., 1003 ; P., 1896, 153. 526 ; P., 1896,75. March Blst, 1896, T., 572. March 21st, 1896, T., 573. AC,, of (PRRKIK), T., 1064,1091,1716 INDEX OF SUBJECTS. Benzaldeliydc, p-iodoso- (PATTERSOT), J I m-iodosy- (PATTERSON), Il., 1004 ; P., ' piodoxy- (PATTERSON), T., 1005 ; P., T., 1005 ; P., 1896, 153.1896, 153. 1896,153. Benzaldehy deph eny lhydrazone (WALKER), T., 1279. EER), T., 1255. action of formaldehyde on (WAL- o-iodo- (PATTEESOF), T., 1008 ; P., 1896,153. tn-iodo- (PATTERSON), T., 1009 ; P., 1896, 153. p-iodo- (PATTERSON), T., 1009 ; P., 1896,153. Benzanfialdoxime and its hydro- chloride (LUXMOORX), T., 17'7; P., 1895,149. action of phosphorus tricliloride on (LUXMOORE),T., 191 ; P., 1895,149. action of phosphorus pentachloride on (LUXNOORE), T., 190; P., 1895, 149. chloro-derivative of (LUXMOORE), T., 191; P., 1895, 149. Benzaldoxime sulphntes (LUXMOORE), T., 180 ; P., 1895, 149. o-iodo- (PATTERSON), T., 100s ; P., 1896, 153. m-iodo-, and its dicliloridc (PATTER- SON), T., 1008; P., 1896, 153. p-iodo- (PATTEXSON), T., 1008 ; P., 1896,153. 33enzscynaldoxime, action of pliosphorus trichloride on (LUXMOORE), T., salts of (LUXMOORE), T ., 180; P., 1895, 149. hj~rochloride (LUXMOORE), !I1., 179 ; 1. ., 1895, 149. Benzaldoximcs, isomerism of alkyl de- rivatives of (LUXMOORE), T., 187 ; P., 1895, 149. methyl derivative3 of (LUXMOORE), T.: 186. Benzamide, preparation of (LUXMOORE), T., 188. magnetic rotatory powel*, &c., of (PER- KIN), T., 1114, 1216, 1246. action of sodium ethoside on (COUES and ARCHDEACON), T., 94; P., 1896, s. Benzamide, thio-, action of iodine on (HOFMANN LECTURE), T., 714. Benzanilide, preparation of (COHEN and AXCHDEACON), T., 92. Benzanilamide sodium etlioxide (COHEN and ARCHDEACON), T., 94; P., 1896, 8. Benzene, discovery of (HOFNANN LEC- TURE), T., 597.192 ; P., 1895, 149. Benzcnc, discovery of, in coal tar (HOF- MANN LECTURE), T., 690. constitutionof, according to the vortex atoin theory (FITZG-ERALD), T., 892; P., 1896, 25. magnetic rotatory power, &c., of (PERKIN), T., 1064, 1082, 1084, 1085, 1191, 1241. voluine changes during the formation of solutions in (JOKES), P., 1895, 179. separation of, from coal-tar naphtha Benzene, broruo-, magnetic rotatory power, Ac., of (PERKIN), T., 1064, 1118, 1119, 1202, 1243. cliloro-, magnetic rotatory ]sower, &c., of (PERKIN), T., .1064, 1118, 1202, 1243. ~n -diclil oro-, preparation of (CHA TTA- WAY and EVANS), T., 848; P., 1806, 9'7. condensation of with chlorobenzene (CIIATTAWAY aiid ET-ANS), T., 982 ; P., 1896,li4. p-dichloro-, magnetic rotatory power, &c., of (PERPIN), T., 1120, 1202, Ruoro-. magnetic rotatory power, &c., of (PERKIN), T., 1118, 1119, 1162, 1201, 1343.iodo-, magnetic rotatory power, &c., of (PERKIN), T., 1064, 1118, 1119, 1203, 1243. nitro-, preparation of (HOFMANN LECTURE), T., 60'7. magnetic rotatory power, &c., of (PERKIN), T., 1064, 1094, 1180, 1239. nz-dinitro-, magnetic rotatory power, &c., of (PERKIN), T., 1095, 1181, 1239. reduction of (HOFMANN LECTURE), T., 647. Benzene-4-azo-2-acetamidophenol, m- nitro- (MELDOLA, WOOLCOTT, and WRAY), T., 1324. Benzene-4-azo-2-aniinopheiio1, m-nitro- (?~EI,DOLA, WOOLCOTT, and WRAY), Jl., 1325. Eenzeneazoguaiacol, m-nitro-, and its benzoate [OH : OMe : N2 = 1 : 2 : 41 (MELDOLA, WOOLCOTT, and WRAP), T., 1333. Benzeneazoealicylic acid, potassium, ethgiic salts (HEWITT and STEVEN- SOX), T., 1265; P., 1896, 150.o-chloro-, ammonium, potassium, sil- ver, inethylic, ethylic salts, be- haviour towards bases (HEWITT and STEVENSON), T., 1258; P., 1896,149. (HOFMANN LECTURE), T., 598. 124.3.ISDES OF SUBJECTS. 1717 Renzencazosalicylic acid, m-chioro-, am- monium, silver, barium, potmsiuni, inethylic, ethylic salts (HEWITT and STEVENSOX), T., 1262 ; P., 1896, 150. p-chloro-, potassiuiu, ammoniurn, barium, silver, methylic, ethylic salts (HEWITT and STEVENSON), T., 2 : 4-bromo- nitro- (MELDOLA, WOOLCOTT, and WRAY), T., 1327; P . , 1896, 164. 4-nitro- (I~ELDOLA, WOOLCOTT, and Benzene-in-disulphoiiic acid, calcium salt of (SSAPE), T., 100. Benzene-p-disulphonic acid, calcium salt of (SNAPE), T’., 100.Benzenesulphonic chloride, magnetic rotatory power, kc., of (PERKIN), T., 1123,1205, 1244. Beiizenyl-o-arninotl~iophcnol, prepara- 1263 ; P., 1896, 150. Benzene-fi : 1-diazouicle, AFTRAY), f., 1328. tiOd Of (HOFXAXN LECrURE), T., 712. Eeiizil, condensation of, with acetone- clicarboxylic acid (JAPP aiid LAX- DER), P., 1896, 109. condensation of, with ethylic aceto- acetate (JAPP :ind LAXDER), T., 736; P., 1895, 146. condensntion of, with levulinic acid (JAPE’ and &fURRAY), P., 1896, 146. Eenzodietli~ltliiourea (Dmozr), T., 1604; Bc-nmic acid, absorption bv silk of dilute (WALKER and APPLEYARD), T., 1346 ; I?., 1896, 147. antliraflavic acid salt of (HOFXANN LECTFRE), T., 633. allylie, butj lie, iso-butglic, ethFlic, inetliylic, octylic, propylic, and iso- propylic salts of, magnetic rotatory powers, &c., of the (PERKIN), T., 1073-1078, 10~4,1125,1141,11’73- 1175, 1226, 1237, 1238, 1247.nruylic and ethylic salts, molecular volumcs in orgLznic solrents of the (NICOL), T., 1413; P., 1895, 237. 2-cl1loro-4-nitroplienol salt of (MEL- DOLA, WOOLCOTT, and WRAY), T., 2-chloro-5-nit1~o-phenol salt of ( MEL- DOLA, WOOLCOTT, and WELAY), T., 1326 ; P., 1896, 163. 4-chloro-3-nitroplieiiol salt of (MEL- DOLA, WOOLCOTT, and WRAY), T., 1323 ; P., 1896,163. guaiacol salt of (MELDOLA), P., 1896, m-nitro-benzeneazoguaiacol salt of, Y., 1896, 224. 1328; Y., 1896, 164. 126, 127. ( ~IELDOLA. WOOLCOTT, and WRAY), T., 1333. Benzoic arid, o-nitroguaiacol salt of, (MFLDOLA), k‘., 1896, 127. ~ (MELDOLA), I?., 1896, 127. 1 Benzoic acid, m-amino-, action of chloro- I fo1.m and potash on [ELLIOTT), T., 1513 ; P., 1896, 171.I o-iodo- (PATTERSOX), T., 1007. ’ wiodc- (PATTERSON) T., 1003. 1 Benzoic chloride. magnetic rotator7 j 1205, 1244. [OBz : OME : NO2 = ! : 2 : 61 p-nitroguaiacol salt of, [OBz : OME : NG2 = 1 : 2 : 41 po\ier, Bic., of (PEEKIN), T., 1121, action of lead thiocyanate on (DIXOX), Benzoindicarboxylic acid, diamino-, and its osazone (ELLIOTT), T., 1517 ; I?., , T., 1603. I 1896, 1’71. Benzonitrilc, preparation of (LUX- MOORE), T’., 189 ; (HOFSIANN IiEC- TURE), T., 705. magnetic rotatorg power, kc., of nitro-, reduction of (HOFXAXS LEC- Benzophenone, magnetic rotatory power, &c., of (PERKIX), T., 1064, 1091, Bcnzothiazolecarboxylic acid, prepam- ( h R h I X ) , T., 1096, 1206, 1244.TURE), T., 709. I 1 1093, 1201, 1243. tiOn O f (IIOFXANN LECTURE), T., $13. Ben~otliiocaibiniide, and the action of diethylamine on (DIXON), T., 1603 ; Y., 1896, 224. Benzoylacetic acid, ethylic salt, magnetic rotatory power, &c., of ( PERKIF), T., 1064,1178, 1238. condensation of, with o-ethylic chlorofumarate (RUHEJIANN and WOLFF), T., 1384; P., 1896,166. Bciizoylcannabinol (WOOD, SPIVEY, and EdSTEltFIELD), T’., 545; P., 1896, 76. Benzoylglyceric acid, active, rotatory power of t?ie inethylic nnd ethplic salts of (FRANKLAND and MAC- GREGOR), T., 112; P., 1896, 10. Benzoylglyceric acid, inactive, inethylic GREGOR), T., 113; P., 1896, 10. Bcnzyl methyl oxide, magnetic rotatory power, &c.: of (PERKIN). T., 1090, 1190,1241. Benzylnmine, magnetic rotatory power, &c., of (PESKIX), T., 1103, 1157, 120s, 1245.Benzylaniline, magnetic rotatorp power, t i c . , of (PERKIN), T., 1102, 1209, 1232, 1245. Salt Of (FRANKLaND and MAC-1718 INDEX O F SUBJECTS. ab-Benzylcarboxyethy !thiocarbamide ( DORAN), T., 327 ; P., 1896, 74. Benzyldimethylamine, preparation of (H~FNANN LECTURE), T., 670. Benzylic alcohol, inagnetic rotatory power, &c., of (PERKIN); T., 1061, 1090,1125, 1198, 1242. chloride, magnetic rotatory power, &c., of (PERPLN), T , 113), 1203,1243. sulphide, magnetic rotato1.y power, &c., of (PERKIF), T., 1164, 1204, 1244. Benzylpliosphine, preparation of ( HOF- MANN LECTFRE), T., 682. Benzyltrimethylammoni~~ni chloride and liyciroxide, action of heat on (HOFMANN LECTURE), Y., 670. Bismuth, rate of diffusion of, in mer- cury (HUMPRREYS), T., 251 ; P., 1896, 9.Bisphenylpyrazolonecarbovylic acid, ethylic salt of (RUHEMaNS), T., 1396; P., 1896, 166. Blood, gases OE the, Lotliar Neyer's in- vestigations on the (BEDSON), T., Boric acid. detection of, apparatus for (DOHERTY), P., 1896, 101. Bran, dry distillstiou of, with lime Bricks, efflorescence on, exposed to sulph- urous anhydride (PATERSON), T., 66 ; P., 1895, 203. Britannia-violet, discovery of (HOF- MANX LECTURE), T., (318. Bronial hydrate, crystalline forms of (POPE), P., 1896,142. Butter, estimation of butyric acid in (WILCOX), P., 1895, 202. ;.so-Butenylbenzene. See Yhenylbutyl- ene. iso-Butylanhpdrod ibenzilacetoacetic 1410; I?., 1896,119. (LAYCOCK), P., 1896, 38. acid (JAPP ancl LANDER), T., 740; I?., 1895, 146. silver and barium salts (JAPP and LANDER), T., 740 ; Y., 1895, 146.ethylic and iso-butylic (P) salts of, redrction of (JAPP and LANDER), 'l'., 743 ; P., 1895, 146. i,o-Butylbenzene, magnetic rotatory power, &c., of (PEXKIK), T., 1082, 1083,1192,1241. nb-iso-Butylcarboxyetli ylthioc~rbamicle ( DORAN), T,, 331 ; P., 1896, 75. i.so-Rutylenf1, formation of (HOOKER), T., 1356. iso-Butyiic alcohol, action of light on (RICHARDSON and FORTEP), T., B u t p k acid, ethylic salt, molecvlar volume of, in organic sohents (NICOL), T., 143; P., 1895, 237. 1352 ; P., 1896, 164. Butyrio acid, phenylic salt, magnetic rotatorypower, Sc., of (PERKIN), T., 1075,10iG, 1078, 1180, 1238. estimation of ('A'ILcox), P., 1895,202. iso-Butyric chloride, action of mercuric or lend t1iiocpn:ite on ( D ~ x o s ) , T., 862; P., 1896, 100.Bntyrolactone ( BENTLEE', HAWORTII, and PERKIN), T., 16s; P., 1896, 36. Butyronitrile, preparation of ( KOF- XANN LECTVRE), T., 696. Butyrjlmalonic acid, specific rotation of the ethylic salt of (hJBDIE and WILLIAMSON), T., 825. ab-iso-Buty~.yl-a-naph thylthionarb- amide (DIXON), I!., 865; P., 1896, 101. aE-iso-Butgrylpheiiylt2iiocarbamide (.I)IxoN), T., 862 ; P., 1896, 101. action of silrer nitrate on (DIXON), T., 863; P., 1896, 101. ab-ico-~utyrylpheii~-lurea (DIXON), T., iso-Butyrylthiocnrbiiiiide (DIXON), T., 862. action of aniline, 0- and p-toluidme, siid a-naphthylamine 0x1 (DIXON), ab-iso-~utyryl-o-tolylthiocarbamide and action of silver nitzate on (DIXON), T., 863 ; P., 1896, 101. ab-iso-Butyry 1-p-tolylthiocarbamide and action of si!ver nitrate on (DIXON), T., 864; P.1896, 101. nb-iso-Butyrg'-o-tolSlurea (DIXON), T., 863; P., 1896, 101. ab-i.so-But~ryl-~-tolylurea (DIXOX), T., 864; P., 1896, 101. 863; P., 1896, 101. T., 862-865. C. Cadmium solution ancl diffusion of, in mercury (HUMPHREYS), T., 1680; P., 1896, 220. Cadmium-allop with lead and with zinc, solution and diffusion of, in mercury (HUMPHREYS), T., 1681 : P., 1896, 220. Cadmium umium sulphate, density and optical behaviour of ('~'uTToN), T., 451. rubidium sulphate, density and opti- cal behaviour of (TUTTON), T., 445. CBesium sulphate, constitution of double salts containing (TtiTTON), T., 519; P., 1896, 71. cadmium sulpimte, density and opti- cal behaviour of (TUTTOB), T., 451. cobalt sulphate, density and optical behaviour of (TUTTON), T., 428.TSDEX OF SUBJECTS.1719 Caxiuni copper sulphate, density and opt,ical bchariour of (TCTTON), T., 441. ferrous sulphate, density and optical hehaviour of (TUTTON), T., 396. magnesium sulphate, density and optical behayiour of (TUTTON), T., 366. optical behavioiir of (TUTTON), T., 403. nickel sulphate, density and optical behaviour of (TUTTON), T., 415. zinc sulphate, density and optical behaviour of (TVTTON), T., 383. Caffeino periodide, analogy of, to theo- bromine periodide (SHAW), T., 103 ; P., 1895, 177. Calcium chloride, hexnhydratc~, ab- sorption of moisture by (HAKE), P., 1896, 34. imidosulphonateq (DIVERS and HAGA), T., 1625: P., 1896, 1'79. mercury imidosulphonate (DIVERS and HAGA), T., 1630; Y., 1896, 179.Camphanic acid from tr-bromocam- phoric acid (KIPPING), T., 65; Y., 1895,213. from chlorocamplioric anhydride (MARSH and GABDNER), T., 82. a-broino- (KIPPING), P., 1895, 212. rr-Camphanic acid, lactoanhydride (KIPPINO), T., 942. cis-a-Csmphanic acid, circular polarisa- tion of, in the crystalline state (POPE), T., 974; P., 1896, 116. crystallography and pyroeleetric pro- perties of (POPE), T., 973; P., 1896,116. methylic salt, anhydride (KIPPIXG), T., 943 ; P., 1896, 115. traiw-7r- Camphanic acid, oxidation of (KIPPING), T., 960; P., 1896, 1.15. silver, ammonium salts, anhydride, amide (KIPPING), T., 929; P., 1895, 33, 88,211 ; 1896, 11 4. Camphene, constitution of (MARSH and GARDNER), T., 90; (TILDEN), T., 1014. from pinene (TILDEN and NICHOLLS), P., 1896, 138.oxidation of (MARSH and GARDNER), T., 74; P., 1895, 206. Camphene, a-dichloro- (KIPPING and POPE), P.. 1895, 57; (LAPWORTH and KIPPING), T., 1559; P., 1896, 152, 188. Caniplienephosphonic acid, chloro-, oxi- dation of (MABSH and GARDNER), VOL. LXIX. manganous sulpliate, density and T . , 75. Calruphenesulphonic acid, a-chlol~o-, potassium and sodium salts, chlor- ide, amide, anilide (KIPPING and POPE), P., 1895, 57; (LAPWORTH and KIPPING), T., 1551 ; P., 1896, 152, 188. P-chloro-, potassium, sodium, barium, salts, lactone, chloride, ainide, anilide (KIPPING and POPE), P., 1895, 57; LAPWORTH and KIP- PIN;), T., 1560; P:, 1896, 152, 188. Camphoic acid and its nionnmmonium, trianimonium, copper, and triplumbic salts (MARSH and GARDEER), T., '75 : P., 1895, 206.Campholide, hydrolysis of (FORSTEB): T., 55 ; P., 1895, 209. a-broino-, Iiydrolysis nf (FORSTER), T., 50 ; P., 1895, 209. p-bromo- (FORSTER), T., 58; ?., 1895, 209. dibromo-, and its l~ydi~olysis (FOE- STER), T., 41 ; P., 1895, 208. allo-Campholytic acid ethylic salt, (WALKER and HENDERSON), T., 749. Camphopyranilis acid (MARSH and GARDNER), T., 83 ; P., 1895,206. cis-Camphopyric acid and its lead and sodium salts and chloride (MARSH and GARDRER), T., 77; P. 1895, 206. meso-Camphopyric acid (MARSH and GARDNER), T., 79. tmns-Catnphopyric acid (MARSH pnd GARDNEE), T., 80; P., 1895,20C. Camphopyric anhydride (MARSH and GASDNER), T., '77; P., 1895, 206. chloro- (MARSH and GARDXER), T., Camphopyric chloride (MARSH and GARDFER), T., 73; P., 1895, 206.chloro- (MARSH and GARDNER), T., Camphor, constitution of (MARSH and GARDNER), T., 90. Camphor, amino-, from a- bromo-a- nitrocamphor and its hydrochloride and platinochloride (LAPWORTH and KIPPINO), T., 315 ; P., 1895, 210. a-bromo-, from n~-dibromocamphor, oxime of (RETIS and KIPPING), P., 1896, 77. a-dibromo-, behaviour of, towards nitric acid (FORSTEE), T., 36; P., 1895,207. ax-dibromo-, oxidation of (ICIPPINQ), T., 915; P., 1895, 210; 1896, 114. oxalate, ylatinochloride, and acetyl 83 ; P., 1895, 206. 80; P., 1895, 206. a-brom-a-amino-, hydrochloride, 5 z1720 INDEX OF SUBJECTS. derirative (LAPWORTH and KIP- I Camphoroximc, behaviour of, towards PING), T., 316; P., 1895, 210. 1 methjlic iodide (FORSTER), P., modifications of, and the potassium, hydrobromiclc, methyl and acetyl ainmoniuin, sodium, barium, cal- derivatives of (FORYTER), P., 1896, nickel, cobalt, bismuth, lead deri- Camphor, r-bromo-a-nitro-, three 1896, 146.vatives (LAPWORTH and KIPPINO-), T., 309 ; P., 1885, 210. up-dibromo-a-nitxo- (LAPWORTH and KIPPINQ), T., 308; P., 1895, 209. rr-bromo-a-isonitro-, and its potas- sium, barium, calcium, cobalt, nickel, copper, mercuric, bismuth, and acetyl derivatives ( LAPWORTH and KIPPINO), T., 317; P., 1895, 210. .ir-chloro-, oxidation of (KIPPI.W and POPE), I?., 1895, 213. a-chloronitro-, conversion of, into camphorqninone (LAP WORTH), T., 322 ; P., 1896, 76. Camphorenic acid, &odium, zinc. and methylic salts (FORSTER;, T., 5 2 ; I?., 1895, 208. bromo-, barium, silver, zinc, nmmon- ium, copper, methylic salts, and oxidation of (FORSTER), T., 4G ; P., 1895,208.Camphorenic anhgdride (FORSTEX), T., Camplioric acid, constitution of (MARSIX and GARDNER), T., 90 ; (WALKER and HENDERSON), T., 957; P., 1896,110. from camphene (MARSH and GARD- NER), T., 84; Y., 1895, 206. compound of, with acetone (POPE), T., 1696 ; P., 1896, 217. potassium allo-ethylic salt, eiectro- lysis of (ivALKER and HENDERSON), Caniphoric acid, r-bronio- (KIPPINQ), 52 ; P., 1895,208. T., 745 ; P., 1896, 110. T., 924: P., 1895, 34, 210; 1896, methylic salt (KIPPING), T., 924 ; P., w-bromo- (KIPPING), T., 63; P., r-chloro- (KIPPING and POPE), P., d-Camphoric acid, from rr-bromocnni- phoric acid (KIPPISG), T., 928. Camphoric anhydride, r-bromo- (KIP- PING), T., 927; Y., 1896, 114. w-brorro- ( K I P ~ I ~ G ) , P., 1895, 212.n--dibromo- (KIYPIXQ), P., 1895, chloro- (MARSH and GARDBEB), T., Camplioric chloride, chloro- (MAESII 114. 1895,34,210; 1896,114. 1895,212. 1895,213. 212. 82. and GARDNER), T., 81. Caniphorquinone, froni a-chloronit~~- camphor (LAPWORTH), T., 323; P., 1896, 76. Camphorsulphonic acid, a-b~onio-, oxida- tion of ammonium sait (LAPWORTH and KIPPIKG), P., 1896, 77. cis-Camphotricarbox~lic acid, and its silver salt, and anhydride (KIPPING), T., 966; P., 1896, 115. tram-Camphotricarboxylic acid, hy- drated, crystallography and circii- lar polarisation of (POPE), T., 978 ; P., 1896, 116. and its silver, calcium salts and anliy- dride (KIPPING), T., 951 ; P., 1896, 115. Cannabin, preparation of cannabinol from (WOOD, SPITEY, and EASTER- FIELD, T., 546; Y., 1896, 76.Cannabinol, active constituent of Indiiiii hemp (WOOD, SPIVEP, and EASTER- FIELD), T., 544; P., 1896, 76. existence of, in pliariiiaceutical pre- paration (WOOD, SPITEY, on(\ EASTERFIELD), T., 545; P., 1896, 76. acetyl and beiizoyl derivatives of (WOOD, SPITEP. and EASTER- FIELD). T., 545 ; P., 1896,76. Cannabinone, preparation of canna- binol from (WOOD, SYIVEY, and EASTERFIELD), T., 546 ; Y., 1896, 76. Canizadis indica, constituents of (WOOD, SPITEF, and EASTERFIELD), T., 539 ; P., 1896, 76. Caprylic acid. See Octoic acid. Carbamide, action of hypobromites on, in presence of a cganate (ALLEN), P., 1896, 31. Carbamides, allryl substituted, rate of formation of, from the corresponding cyanates (WALKER and APPLEYARD), T., 193; F.,. 1896, 12.Carbazole, discovery of (HOFMANN LECTURE), T., 631. Carbohydrates of barley straw (CROSS, BEVAN, and SMITH), T., 1604; P., 1896,174. relation of furfuroids to total, from barley straw (CROSS, BEVAN, and SMITH), T., 1606; P., 1896,174. Carbon atom, asymmet,ric (FITZQERALD), T., 892; P., 1896, 25. direct union of, with hydrogen (BONE and JORDAN), P., 1896,61.INDEX O F SUBJECTS. 1721 Carbon :- Carbonic oxide, evolution of, by a h - lice pyrogallol during oxygen estimations (CLOWES), P., 1895, 200. duration of the ffsme in the explo- sive combustion of moist and dry (DIXON, STRANGE, a d GRA- HAX), T., 773; P., 1896, 55. com.bustion of oxygen with (DIXON), T., 774; P., 1896, 55. explosive mixtures of air and (CLOWES), P., 1895, 201. combination of, with nitrous oxide (DIYON), T., 780; P., 1896, 56.Carbonic anhydride, mode of forma- tion of, in the combustion of carbon compounds (DIXOX), T., effect of electric sparks on (HOF- solubility of, in sodium phosphate solution, 1;. Meyer’s investiga- tion on (BEDSON), T., 1413. estimation of, volumetrically (SYMONS and STEPIIEXY), T., 869 ; P., 1896,103. Carbonic acid, chloro-, action of pheiiylacetylthiocarbamide on (DORAN), T., 343. action of phenylthiocarbamide on (DORAK), T., 342. action of lead thiocyamte on (DORAN), T., 325; P., 1896, 74. Carbon bisulphide, magnetic rotatory power, &c., of (PERKIN), T., 1123. volume changes during the fornia- tion of solutions in (JONES), P., 1895, 179. intluence of, on the combination of carbonic oxide * and oxygen (DIXON), T., 783 ; P., 1896, 56.774; P., 1896, 55. MANN LECTURE), T., 728. ah-Carboxyethyleth ylthiocarbanlide (DORAN), T., 330; P., 1896,75. ah-Carbox yethylmethylthiocarbamide (DORAN), T., 330; P., 1896, 75. Carboxyethylthiocarbamic acid, salts of, action of silver nitrate on>(l)oRtaN), T., 335. methylic, ethylic, propylic, isobutylic, and benzylic salts (DORAX), T., 334; P., 1896, 7’5. T., 326, 335. derivatives of, constitution of, and isomerism of (DORAN), T., 337. action of ammonia, aminee, piperi- dine, and phenylhydrazine on (DORAN), T., 327-339 ; P., 1896, Carboxyethylthiocarbimide (DORAN), 74, 75. Carboxyethyletl~~ltliiocarbimide, action of alcohols on (DORAN), T., 333 ; Y., 1896, 75. action of water on (DORAN), T., 836. Carboxyethylthiourea (DORAN), T., 331 j P., 1896, 75.Carboxyethyl-+- thiourea, hytlrcchloride of and hydrolysis ot (DORAN), T., 341. Carvacrol, inagnetic rotatory pomer, S-c., of (PERILIS), T., 1132, 1183, 1239. Catechiii, non-formation of acid CODI- pounds of (PERKIN), T., 1410; P., 1896, 167. Catechol, magnetic rotatory power, k c . , of (PERKIN), T., 1127, 1130, 1133, 1184, 1240. Catechol, dinitro- (SfELDOLA, IVOOL- 5-nitro-3-amino- (MELDOLA, \VOOL- COTT, and WRAY), T., 1334; P., 1896,164. Cedrene (CHAPM-4N and BURGESS), P., Cellulose, composition of the soluble products of acid hydroljsis of (CROSS, BEVAN, and SMITH), T., insoluble, obtained by acid liydrolysis, composition of (CROSS, BEVAN, and SMITH), T., 809 ;. P., 1896, 96. separation of wheat straw into in- soluble cellulose and soluble pro- ducts (CROSS, BEVAN, and SUITE), T., 807; P., 1896, 96. separation of, from furfuroids by acid hydrolysis (CROSS, BEVAN, and SMITH), T., 806; P., 1896, $6.Celluloses of barley straw : their re- actions (CROSS, BETAN, and SXITR), T., 1609; P., 1896, 175. cereal, constitution of the (CROS, BFVAN, and SXITH), T., SO.%; P., 1896, 95. acid hydrolysis of, and sepamtion of the constituent groups ( C X O ~ S , BEVAN, and SXITH), T., 804; P., 1896, 96. Charas, constituents of (WOOD, SPIVEH, and EASTERFIELD), T., 539; P., 1896, 76. Cheiranthus chcivi, quercetin, the yellow colouring matter of (PERKIN and HUNMEL), T., 1567; P., 1893,185. chloral, condensation of, with resoin- cinol (HEWITT and POPE), T . , 1265 i P., 1896, 150. Chloral hydrate, two crystalline forms of (POPE), P., 1896, 142.condensation of, with reoorcind (HEWITT and POPE), T., 1266 ; P . , CDTT, a11d \vRSY), T., 1333. 1896,140. 810; P., 1896,96. 5 2 21722 INDEX OF SUBJECTS. Chloranil (tetmc7~lororluii~one), prepara- tion of (HOFMAXS LECTURI), T., 641, 699. Chlorine, formation of, on heating man- ganese dioxide with ])oti~ssium chlorate (McLEoD), T., 1015; P., 1896, 104. IIydrochloric acid, abjorptioii bj- silk of dilute (WALKER and QPPLE- YAIZD), T., 1346; P., 1896, 147. Chlorine peroxide, detonation of (Ihxox and HARICER), T., 789 ; P., 1896, 57. Chrome alum, effect of heat on aqueous solutions of (DouGAr,), T., 1526 ; P., 1896, 183. Chroniosulphuric acid, colloidal (CAT,- VRRT and EWAX), P., 1896, 160. Chrysaniline (dianiinophe?~y7lacricZine), discovery of (HOFMANN LECTURE), T., 610.Chrysin, non-formation oE acid corn- pounds O f (PEHKIS), T., 1443; P., 1896, 167. Chrysoidine, composition of (HOFNANN LECTURE), l’., 626. Cinnamaldehyde, magnetic so tatory power, &c., of (PERKIN), T., 1126, 1145, 1149, 1227,1247. Cinnsmene. See Styrene. iso-Cinnamenylmandelic acid ( JAPP Cinnamic acid (~-pheny7acryZic acid), physiological action of (HOFMAXN LECTURE), T., 698. etliylic salt, magnetic rotatory power, &c., o f tlirt (PERGIN), T., 1145, 1149, 1228, 1247. Cinnamic alcohol, magnetic rotatory power, &c., vf (PERKIN), T., 1064, 1126,1149,1228; 1247. Citraconic acid, ethylic salt, niagnetic rotatory power and relative dcnsit y of (PERKIN), T., 1063, 1173, 1237. Citzaconic anhydride, magnetic rotatory power and relative density of (PER- KIN), T., 1063, 1173, 1237.Citrazinic acid (2 : 6-dihydroxqpyri- dine-3-cai.box/lic acid), discovery of (HOFMANN LECTURE), T., 724. action of cliloroforrn and sodium hydroxide on (SELL), T., 1418; P., 1896, 168 Citric acid, absorption by silk of dilute (WALKER and APPLEYARD), T., 1316; Y., 1896, 147. Cobalt, action of hydrogen peroxide on solutions containing (DTJRRANT), Y., 1896, 96. cesium sulphate, density and optical behaviour of (TUTTON), T., 428. pDtaesiuni sulphate, density and opti- cal hehariour of (TCTTON), T., 419. and LANDER), P., 1896, 108. Cobalt, riibidi urn sulphate, density and optical behariour of (TUTTOK), T., 421. detecticn of, in presence of nickel (DURRAN~), P., 1896, 96. Colophony. See Rosin. Coniceines, preparation of (HOFIIIANN LECTURE), T., ’724.Coniine, constitution of (HOFNAR’K LEC- Conhydrine, constitution of (HOFNAKN Conyrine (%propyZpyridine), prepara- tiOn Of (HOFM.4NN LECTURE), T., 723. Copper, solubility and rate of diffusion of, in mercury (HUMPHREYS), T., 247; P., 1896, 9 ; (ROBERTS- AUSTEN), P., 1896, 219. TURE), rr., 723. LECTURE), T., 724. Copper-alloys with tin, solution and dif- fusionof,in mercury (HUMPHREYS), T., 1682 ; P., 1896, 220. with zinc solution and diffusion of, in nicrcury (HGMPHEEYS), T., 1682 ; P., 1896, 220. Copper cmium sulphate, density and optical behavionr of (TUTTON), T., 441. potassium sulphate, density and optical behaviour of (TUTTON), T., 431. rubidium sulphate, density and optical behaviour of (TUTTOhr), T., 437. Cuprous gold sulphide (MACLAUI~IN), Coumarone, magnetic rotatory powel., &c., of (PERKIN), T., 1201, 1240.Cratcqgics Oxyacantha, colouring matter in (PERKJN and HUMMEL), T., 1570 ; P., 1896, 186. Creosol, magnetic rotatory power, &c., of (PERKIN), T., 1127,1135, 1185,1240. iso-Creosol, magnetic rotatory power, &c., of (PERKIN), T., 1127,1285,1220. o-Cresol, magnetic rotatory power, &c., of (PERPIN), T., 1126, 1129, llS3, 1239. m-Cresol, magnetic rotatory power, &c., of (PERKIN), T., 1126, 1129, 1183, 1239. p-Cresol, magnetic rotatory powers, &c., of (PERKIN), T., 1126, 1129, 1183, 1239. Crotonic acid, ethylic salt, condensation of, with acetoacetic acid (RUHEMANN and WOLFF), T., 1391 ; P., 1896,166. Crystallography : - Atomic weight,, influence of, on the crystal characters of the sulphates containing potassium, rubidium, and cmium (TUTTOX), T., 496 ; P.1896, 71. T., 1275 ; P., 1896, 149.INDEX OF Crystallography :- Axes of the optical ellipsoid of the double sulphates of potassium, rubidium, and cwium, relocity of light along the (TUTTON), l'., 466; I?., 1896, 69. Axes of the optical ellipsoid, orienta- tion of, for double sulphates of potassium, rubidium, and cesium (TUTTON), T., 460; P., 1896, b9. Cleavage of double sulpliates of potas- sium, rubidium, and csesium (TUTTON). T., 455 ; P., 1896,6S. Distance ratios of the double sulph- ates of potassium, rubidium, and caesiuin (TUTTON), T., 458; P., 1896, 69. Morphology of the double sulphates of potassium, rubidium, and cmium (TUTTON), T., 486. of chloral and bromal hydrates, thymol, and menthol (POPE), P., 1896,142.of ris-~-camphsnic acid (POPE), T., 973; P., 1896, 116. of trans-camphotricarboxylic acid (hydrates) (POPE), T., 978; P., 1896, 116. Optic axial angles of the double sul- phates of potassium, rubidium, and coesium (TUTTON), T., 480; P., 1896, 70. Point systems corresponding to the sulphates containing potassium, rubidium, and c3eeium (TUTTON), T., 504. Polymorphism and molecular com- plexity (TUTTON), T., 509. Structural unit of the crystals of sulphates containing potassium, rubidium, and csesium (TUTTON), T., 507; P., 1896, 71. Cunene (isopropylbenzene) , magnetic rotatory power, &c., of ( PERPIN), formation of, from cuminic acid ( HOF- d h m e n e (propylbenzene), magnetic ro- t*tory power, &c., of (PERPIN), T., 1082,1083, 1094, 1192, 1241.(1 : 3 : 4-trimethylhenrene), magnetic rotatory power, &c., of (PERKIX), T., 1064, 1130, 1193, 1241. separation of, froin coal-tar naphtha p-Cumidine, preparation of (HOFNANN action of cyanogen on (IXOFMANN l'., 1052-1084, 1194, 1241. MA" LECTURE), T., 611. $-Cilmene (HOFXAXN LECTURE), T., 598. LECTURE), T., 625. LECTURE), T., 590, 649. SUBJECTS. IT23 p-Cumidine, colouriiig matter obtaincd by oxidation of (HOFNANN LEC- TURE), T., 605. Cuininaldehj-de (p-i.so~ropylbenznltk- hycle), magnetic rotatory power, 1242. Curninic acid (0-isopropylbenzoic acid), ethrlic salt, magnetic rotatory power, 8x.l of (PERPIN), T., 1125, 1176, 1238. Cnminyl alco!iol, magnetic rotatory power, &c., of (PERKIN), T., 112% 1198,1242.Cyaniline, preparation of (HOFXANN LECTURE), Y., 649. Cyanogen, spectrum of the flame of (LEWES), T., 240; P., 1896, 2. luniinosity of the flame of (GROVES), P., 1896, 5. combustion of (DIXON), T., 775 ; P., 1896, 56. explosive combustion of ( DIXON, STRANGE, and GRAHAM), T., 759 ; P., 1896, 63. duration of the flame in the explosive combustion of (DIXON, STRANGE, and GRAHAM), T., 763 ; P., 1896, 54. influence of, on the combination of CRP- boiiic oxide and oxygen (DIXON), T., 783 ; P., 1896, 56. Cyanic acid, ethereal salts of (HOP- ethylic salt of, preparation of (HOP- MANN LECTURE), T., 716. rate of change into the corresponcl- ing carbamides of the methjl-, dirnethgl-, ethyl-, diethyl-, iso- aniyl-, and tertiary amyl-ammo- niuin salts of (WALKXR and APPT~EFARD), T., 193-202 ; P., 1896, 12.action of lieat on eolutions of the tetramethyl- and triethyl-ammo- nium salts of (WALKF:~~ and APPLEPARD), T., 205; P., 1806, 12. Cyanuric acid, discovery and constitu- tion of (HOFMANN LECTURE), T., 717. triethglic salt, preparation of (EoP- XANN LECTURE), T., 716. Cyanuric acid, trithio-, trimethylic salt (HOFMANN LECTURE), T., 717. iso-Cyanuric acid, trichlorotri- methylic salt of (HOFYANN LEC- TURE), T., 718. trjphenylic salt of (HOPYANK LEC- TURE), T., 715. &c., of (PElZPIX), T., 1125, 119'3, MASN TJECTUBE), T., 654.1724 INDEX O F SUBJECTS. Cyanogen. iso-Cyanuric acid, thio-, ethereal salts of, discovery of (HOFXANN LEC- TURE), T., 718. Cpnoruaclurin, non-formation of acid compounds of (PEREIN), T., 1440 ; P., 1896, 167.Cymene (p-?,zeth.yZisopr#p~~Zbeizzene), magnetic rotatory power, &c., of (PEEKIX), T., 1125, 1194, 1242. C~rmophenone. See Phenyl cynijl lietone, D. Datiscetin, non-formation of acid com- pounds of (PERPIN), T., 1440; P., 1896,167. Datisca can?tabi)i a , datiucetin, the colouring matter of ( PERKIN), T., 1440 ; P., 1896, 167. (HOOKER), T., 1369. 1362, 1377. Dehvdrolapachone, constitution of +L)eliydrolapachone (HOOKER), T., .Density of liquids, method of deter- mining (PERKIN), T., 1043; I?., 1896, 122. of liquid oxygen and ail. (DEWAR), P., 1895, 226. of double sulphates of potassium, rubidium, and cesium (TUTTON), T., 456 ; P., 1896, 68. Deneity, vapour, Hofmann's method for the determination of (HOF- of nietaphosphoric acid (TILDEN and BARNETT), T., 158; P., 1896, 30.of phosphoric anhydride (TILDEN and BARNETT), T., 154; P., 1896, 30. MANN LECTURE), T., 724. Deoxybenzoiii. See Phenyl benzyl Desjlacetic acid (B-beiazo~Z-8-pheiz~~ro- pionic. acid), formation of, from desyleneacetic acid (JAPP and LANDER), P., 1896, 109. forination of, from diphenylcliliy- dmxyglutonic acid (JAPP and LANDER), P., 1896, 108. Desyleneacetic acid (8-benzoylcinnanzic acid), formation of, from anhydr- wcetonebenzil (JAPP and LAXDER), reduction of (JAPP and LANDER), P., 1896, 109. Dextrin, reducing power of, on ammo- niacal silver nitrate (KENDEESON), liet one. P., 1896, 10;. lr., 151 ; P., 1896, 9. Dcsti*ose. See Glucose. Diacetamidoazobenzenc (MELDOLA and ANDREWS), T., 11; P., 1896, 215. Diacetamidoazoryhenzene (MELDOLA and ANDRETW), T., 8; P., 1895, 215.1 : 3 : 1'-Diacetoxymethylanthracene (SCHUNCK and MARCHLEWSKI), T., 71; P., 1895, 202. Diacetglacetone, condensation of (COL- LIE and WILSMORE), T., 295; P., 1896, 47. Diacetylglyceric acid, ethylic salt, rota- tory power of solutions of, in benzene and acetic acid (FRANK- LAND and PICKARD), T., 135, 136 ; P., 1896, 11. freezing points of solutions of, in benzene and acetic acid (PRANKLAND and PICKARD), T., 134,135 ; P., 1896, 11. Diazo-compounds, discovery of (HOF- MANN LECTURE), T., 698. Diazoaminobenzene, o-dinitro-, alkyla- tion of (RIELDOLA and STREAT- FEILD), P., 1896, 49. p-dinitro-, alkylation of (MELDOLA and STREATFEILD), P., 1896, 51. op-dinitro-, ethyl derivative (MEL- DOLA and STREATFEILD), I?., 1896, 50. Diazobenzene, op-dichloro- (CHATT- AWAY and ETAN~), T., 850; P., 1896, 98.6 : 1-Diazoxyanisoil, 4-nitro- (MELDOLA, WOOLCOTT, and WRAY), T., 1332; P., 1896, 164. 3 : %Diazoxypheno!, 5-nitro- (MELDOLA, T~OOLCOTT, and WRAY), T., 1334; P., 1896, 164. Dibenzaconine and its salts (DUNSTAN and CARR), P., 1895, 178. Dibenzamidoazobenzene ( MELDOLA and ANDREWS), T., 12 ; P., 1895, 215. Dibenzoclithiazole, preparation of (HOF- Dibenzoxydiphenylmethane (MAC- KENZIF.), T., 992; P., 1896, 117. Dibenzoylglyceric acid, methylic salt, rotatory powers of solutions of, in benzene, ethylene clibromide, nitrobenzene, and acetic acid (FRANKLAND and PICPARD), T., 127, 130, 131, 133; P., 1896, 11. freezing points of solutions of, in benzene, ethylene dibromide, nitrobenzene, and acetic acid (FRANKLAND and PICKARD), T., 125,127,129,131,132; P., 1896, 11.Dibenzoylglpceri- acid (active), me- tliylic, ethylic, and propylic salts, rotatory power of the (FRASKLAND MA" LECTURE), T., 713.INDEX OF SUBJECTS. 7 735 and MACGREGOR), T., 104; P., 1 1896, 9. I Dibenzoylglpceric acid (inactive), methylic salt (FRANKLAND and MAC- GREGOR), T., 106; P., 1896, 9. Dibcnzoylphenylacetic arid and its silver salt (CTAPP and LINDER), T., 741 ; P., 1895, 146. Dibenzoylphenylmethane (JAPP and LANDER), T., 742 ; P., 1895, 146. Dibenzoyltartaric acid, 1-otatory powers of the methplic and ethylic salts of (FRANKL~ND and \~'IIARTOS), T., 1585; P., 1896, 186. Dibenzyl, magnetic rotatory power, &c., of (YERKIN), T., 1085, 1C86, 1195, 1242. power, &c., of (PEBKIN), T., 1103, ' 1208, 12-15. Dibenzylphosphine, preparation of ( HOFJlA4NN LECTURE), T., 6S2.Uiethoxydiphenylmethane (MAC- PENZIE), T., 990; P., 1896,117. Diethylamine, disccvery of (HOFMANN LECTURE), T., 661. Diethylanilino ( KOFMANN LECTURE), T., 598. discovery of (HOFXANN LIWTURE), T., 660. magnetic rotatory .power, &c., of (PERKIN), T., 1099, 1100, 1205, 1244. aztion of ethylic bromide on (HOP- MANN LECTURE), T., 663. sulphonation of (EVANS), P., 1895, 235. Dietliyldiethylenediamine, discovery of {KOFMANN LECTURE), T., 685. Eiethyienediamine (HOFMANN LEC- Diethylenetriamine, discovery of, and its salts (HOFMANN LECTURE), T., Diethyletliylenediamine, discovery of ( MOFMANN LECTURE), T., 686. Diethyloxamic acid, ethylic salt, pre- paration of (HOFMANN LECTURE), T., 662. Diethyloxamide, preparation of (HOF- MANN LECTURE), T., 662.Dietlzylphosphonic acid, preparation of ( HOFMANX LECTURE), T., 682. Diffusion of metals in mercury (Hux- PHREYS), T., 293, 16'79; P., 1896, 9,220 ; (ROBERTS-AUYTEN), P., 1896, 219. Ditluorpls, a - , B-, and y- ( HODGKINSON), P., 1896, 111. Dihydrocymene. See Xethylisopro- pplcyclohexadiene. 1 ' Dibenzylamine, magnetic rotatory TTBE), y., 684, 685. -686. Dihydroxydiphenylglutaric acid (JAPP and LANDER), P., 1896, 108. 1 : 2-Dihydroxyflavone, acid compounds of (PERKIN), T., 1443; P., 1896, 167. Dihydroxyhydrolapachol, action of sulphuric acid on (HOOKER), T., 1368. Dihydroxylarnine hydriodidc ( DUNSTAN and GOULDINB), T., 841 ; P., 1896, 73. Dili-j-droxynialeic acid (FENTON), T., constitution of (FENTON), T., 556.isomeric form of (FENTON), T., 557. a- and P-modifications (FENTON), T., 560. action of acetic anhydride, chloride, and benzoic chloride on (FENTON), T., 550, 551, 552; P., 1896,68. action of aniline on (FENTON), T., 652. action of bromine on (FENTON), T., 517. action of ethylic bromide on (FEN- TON), T., 554. action of hydrogen bromide, chloride, and iodide on (FENTON), T., 547, 553, 555, 558 ; P., 1896, 68. action of hydrovylamine and phenyl- hydrazine on (FENTON), T., 548, 549; P., 1896, 68. action of water on (FENTON), T., 547. 547; P., 1896, 67. Dihydroxymaleic acid, aniline salts diethylic salt (FENTON), T., 554. (PESTON), T., 651, 552. behaviour of, with dehydrating agents (FENTON), T., 555. action of phenylhydrazine and liydroxylamine on (FENTON), T., 548 ; P., 1896,68.dimethylit: salt, diaeetpl derivative (FENTON), T., 550. action of acetic chloride, of phenyl- hydrazine, and hydroxylamine on (FIXTOS), T., 549; P., 1896, 68 phenylhydrazine salt, and action of heat on (FENTON), T., 548; P., 1896, 68. Dihydroxymaleic anhydride, diacetyl and dibsnzoyl derivatives of (FEN- Diliydrouy-p-iial)litliaquinone, discovery of (HOFXANN LECTURE), T., 621. o-Diinethoxybenzene, magnetic rotatory power, &c., of (PERKIN), T., 1127, 1135, 1159, 1158, 1240. nz-Diniet1i3xybenzene7 magnetic rota= TON), T., 551.1726 naphthalene, and its oxidation (COL- LIE and WILSNORE), T., 298; P., 1896, 47. , p-Dimethglpenthiazoline, y-bronio-, pro- bable identity of, with dimethylallgl- thiocarbamide dibromide (DIXOK), T., 854; P., 1896,100.Dimethylprotocatechuic acid, existence of, in Crntagws oxyncantha (PERKIN and HUNMEL), T., 1571; P., 1896, 186. 2 : 6-Dimethylpgridine-4 : 5-dicarboxylic acid f r o x hydroxytriniethglisoquinol- ine (COLLIE and WILSNORE), T., 303; P., 1896, 4.7. cis-afl-Dimethylsuccinic acid from e th y 1 ic m ath7 lm donate and ethylic a-bromopropionate (BONE and PER- KIN), T., 262; P., 1896, 64. conversion of, into tvansdimethylsuc- cinic acid (BONE and PERKIN), T., calcium salt (BONE and PERKIN), T., cis-a&Dimetliylsuccinic anhydride from cis- and trans-modifications (BONE and PERKIN), T., 264; P., 1896,64. trans- aB-Dimet h y I succinic acid from ethjlic inethylmnlonate and a- bromoproliinnat e ( BONE and PER- KIN), T., 263; P., 1896, 64. a n d its ferric, copper, lead, silver, calcium salts (BONE and PERKIN), T., 260 ; P., 1896, 64.264; P., 1896,64. 261 ; P., 1896, 64. trans-a&Diniethylsuccinic anhydride (BONE and PERI~IK), T., 266; P., 1896, 64. INDEX OF tory power, &c., of (PEEPIN), T., p - Din?ethoxybenzene, magnetic rotatory power, &c., of (PERKIN), T., 1064, 1136,1188,1240. Dimethoxyrliphenylmethane (MAC- KENZIE), T., 987; P., 1896, 117. Dimethylacetoacetic acid, ethylic salt, action of ethylic bromacetate on (PERKIN and THORPE), Y., 1896, 156. 1127, 1169, 1187, 124'0. SUBJECTS. PP-Dimethylglutaric anhydride, action of aniline on (PERPIN), T., 14.76. 1 : 3-DiniethylcycZohexane (hezahydro- in-xylene) from camphopgric acid (MARSII and GARDNER), T., 84; P., 1895, 206. 1 : 2-Dimethylgclohexane-4-carboxylic acid (hexah.ydro-p-xylic acid) and its ethylic salt, chloride, and anilicle (BSNTLEY and PERPIN), P., 1896, 79.bromo-, et,hylic salt of (BENTLEY and Dimetliylacetylacetone, magnetic rota- tory power and relative densit.y of ' (PERPIN), T., 1063, 1172, 1237. 3 : 4-Dimcthy1c~z/cZol1exenccarbox~lic Ihnethylaniline, preparation of (ITOF- I acid (f~trahydro-p-xy7ic acid) MA" LECTURE), T., 624, 628. 1 [Me2 : COOH = 4 : 3 : 11 (BENT- magnetic rotatory power, &c., of , LEY and PERKIN), P., 1896, '79. (PERKIN), T., 1064, 1099, 1100, 1 dibromide (BENTLEY and PERKIN), PERK IN),"^., 1896, 79. l l A Q 11KC 1.7A3 10QO l O A A D i o n 0 kn lLUU, IIUU, L A W I , IYOY, l&'l!?c. sulphonation of (EVANS), P., 1895, 235. hydrochloride, magnetic rotatory power, &c.. of (PERKIN), T., 1110.L ., AQVU, I J . Di~nethylhoniocatecliol, magnetic rota- tory power, &c., of (PERKIN), T., 112'7, 1135, 1188, 1240. 3 : 3'-Dimeth~lnanhthalene. from 2- Dimethylaniline, tetrabromo- (EVANS), 2 : 4-dinitro- (EVANS), P., 1895, 236. Diinethylaniline-m-sulphonic acid, p - broino- (EVANS), P., 1895, 236. dibromo- (EVANS), P., 1895, 236. dinitro- (EVANS), P., 1895, 236. Dimethylaniline-p-sulphonic acid, pre- paration of (EVANS), P., 1895, 235. bromo-, and its clibromide (EVANS), P., 1895, 235. o-nitro- (EVANS), P., 1805, 236. aa-Dimethylcyanosuccinic acid, ethylic salt (BOSE and PERPIN), T., 259; Y., 1896, 63. Dimethyldietliylsn~inoninm iodide, pre- paration of (HOFMANN LECTURE), T., 670. ~ ~ - D i u i e t l ~ ~ l g l u t a r a n i l (PERKIN), T., 1476.~~-Dimetliylglutaranilic acid ( PERIEIN), T., 1476 ; P., 1896,170. nal-Dimethylglutaric acids, reso1ution of a mixture of (BONE and PERKIN), T., 265 ; P., 1896, 63. @-Dimethylglutaric acid and salts (PERKIN and GOODWIN), T., 1473; P., 1896, 170. high dissociation constant of (PER- KIN), T., 1461. action of acetic anhydride on (PER- KIN and GOODWIN), T., 1475. ethglic salt (PERKIN and GOODWIN), T., 1475. BP-Dimethglglntaric anhydride (PER- KIN and GOODWIN), T., 1475; P., 1896,170. P., 1895, 235, 236.IXDES OF Diniethyl-o-toluidinr, magnetic rotatory 1138, 1156, 1211, 1233. 1245. 11 yd rochloride, magnetic rotatory power, Src., of (PERKIN), T., 1111, 1131,1139, 1222, 1246. Diniethyl-p-toluidine, magnetic rotatory power, Src., of (PERKIN), T., 1108, 1138,1156, 1211,1233, 1245.hydrochloride, magnetic rotatory power, &C., Of (PERKIX), l’., 1108, power, &C., Of (PERKIK), T., 1111, 1131.1139.1222.1246. Dipentcne, cons.titution of (TJLDEN), T., 1014. Diphenacyl. See Diphenylethylene di- ketone. Diphenoxybutyric acid. See Diphen- oxy rth ylace t ic acid. Diphenoxydiethylacptic acid (diphen- oxyhexoic acid) and its salts (BENT- LEY, HAWORTH, and PERPIN), T., 169; P., 1896, 36; (PERKIN), T., 1302. Diplienoxydieth~~~nalonic acid and its salts (BEXTLEP, H-QWOI~TH, and PERKIN), T., 169; P., 1896, 36; (PERPIN), T., 1501. action of heat on (BENTLEY, HA- WORTH, md PERKIN), T., 169 ; P., 1896, 36. Diplienoxgethglacetic acid (diphenoxy- butyric acid). action of hydrogen chloride in acetic acid on ( RENTLEP, HAWORTH, and PERKIN), T., 170; P., 1896, 36.Diphenoxyhesoic ncid. See Diphenoxy- diethy lacetic acid. Diphenvl, magnetic rotatory power, &c., Of ~(PEltKIh-), T., 1085, 1087, 1089, 1153, 1196, 1230, 1242. LECTURE), T., 689. p-aniino-, composition of ( HOFXASN niphenylacetamidine, discovery of (HOFMANE; LCCIUBE), T., 704.. Diphenylacetjlglyceric acid (active), ro- tatory power of the methylic salt of (FBANKLAND and MACGREGOR), T., 111; P., 1896, 10. Diphenylallophanic acid, etliylic salt (HOFXANN LECTURE), T., 715. Diphenylamine, discovery of (HOFNSNN LECTURE), T., 615. absorption of picric acid from aqueous aolution by (WALKER and APPLE- YARD), T., 1342; P., 1896, 148. Djplienylbenzamidinc, discovery of (HOFNANN LECTUEE), T., 705. 9%-Diphenylbenzene, synthesis of, and its identity with isodiphenylbcnzene (CHATTAWAY and EYANS), T., 982 ; P., 1896, 114.By-Diphenylbutjric acid, identity of, SUBJECTS. I727 with pyroamaric acid (JAPP and LAX DEB), P., 1896, 110. s-Diphenylcarbamibe (carbanilide), preparation of (HOFNANN LEC- TURE), T., 649, 652. niplienyldiethylenedianiine, discovery Diphenjlethylenedianiine, discovery of Diphenylformamidine (dipheylmelh- of (HOFMANN LECTURE), T., 6844. (HOFMANN LECTURE), T., 683. enylamidine) discovery of (HOFMANN LECTURE), T., 684, 705. Diphenylfumaric acid, production of, from anhydracetoneben zilcarboxy lic acid (JAPP and LANDER), P., 1896, 109. production of, from diphenylcyclo- pentenonylacetic asid (JAPP and MURRAY), P., 1896,147. Diphenylguanidine (melaniliue), prepa- ration of: its salts and l~alogen derivatives ( HOFMANN LECTURE), T., 600.action of cyanogen on (HOFMAXN LECTURE), T., 651. dicyano- (HOFYANN LECTURE), T., ($53. dinitro- (HOFNANN LECTURE), T., 651, 695. DiplienSlh ydroxycyclopentanonecarb- oxylic acid (JAPP and LANDER), P., 1896,109. Diphenylic ethylenic ether (BENTLEY, HAWCRTR, and PERKIN), T., 165. inethglenic ether ( BENTLEP, HA- WORTH, and PEIZKIN), Y’., 166,167. Diphenjlmaleic acid, production of. from anhjdracetonbenzilcarboxylic acid (JAPP and LANDER), P., 1896, 109. production of, from diphenylcyclo- pentenonylacetic acid (JAPP and MURRAY), P., 1896, 147. Diphenylmetbane, magnetic rot d o r y 1085,1086,1152, 1195, 1230,1242. LANDER), P., 1896, 108. LANDER), P., 1896, 108. (JAPP and MURRAY), P., 1896,147. iodine on (HOFMANN LECTURE), T., 71 5.Dipropionglglyceric acid, active, rota- tory power of t h e methylic salt of (FRANKLAND and MACGREGOR), T., 116; P., 1896,lO. Dipropyl ketone, magnetic rotatory Dower and relatire density of (PER- KIN), T., 1063, U i 2 , 1236. power, &C., O f (PERKIN), T., 1064: DiphenyIc,~clopentarie (JAPP and Diphenylc.yclopentenone (JAPP and Diphen~lcycZopentenonylacetic acid .r-l)iphenylthiocarbamide, action of‘1728 INDEX OF SUB.JECTS. Disazo-compound, C,,H12ZLr4, obtained from the product of the action of chloroforni and potash on m-amino- benzoic acid (ELLIOTT), T., 1516; P., 1896, 171. Dissociation of carbon dioxide, effect in limiting the combustion of carbonic oxide of the (DIXON), T., 786; P., 1896, 56. o-Ditoluoyltartaric acid, rotatory power of the metliylic and ethylic salts of (FRANKLAND and WRARTON), T., 1312, 1589; P., 1896, 148.In-Ditoluoyltartaric acid, rotatory power of the methylic and ethylic salts of (FRANKLAND and WHARTON), T., 1317 j P., 1896,145. p-Ditoluoyltartaric ucid, rotatory power of the methjlic and ethjlic salts of (FRANKLAND and WIXARTON), T., 1314; Y., 1896, 148. Dyeing, chemical theory of (WALKER and APPLEYARD), !P., 1341; I?., 1896,148. Dyes, acid compounds of yellow (PERKIN), T., 1440; P., 1896,167. constitution of nature1 yellow (PER- KIN), T., 1439 ; Y., 1896,167. E. Elaboration, distinction between assimilation and (CROSS, BEVAN, and SNITIS), T., 1605 ; P., 1896, 174. Conductivity of formanilide (EwAN), of sodium thioformanilide (EwAN), fyroelectric properties of cis-wcani- phanic acid (POPE), T., 973; P., 1896,116.Electrolysis, Helmholtz’s discoveries in (FITZGERALD), T., 900; P., 1896, 25. (FITZGERALD), T., 906; P., 1896, 25. Ellagic acid, occurrence of, in Quer- brucho colorado (PERKIN and GUNNELL), T., 1307; P., 1896,158. Eosin. See Pluorescein, tetrabronio-. Equilibrium between alkylainmonium cyanates and the corresponding cnrbamides (WALKER and APPLE- PARD), T., 193; P., 1896, 12. between diphenylamine, picric acid, and water (WALKER and APPLE- PARD), T., 1342; €’., 1896,148. between picric acid dissolved in water and absorbed by silk (WALKER and ELECTRICITY. T., 96 ; P., 1896, 8. T., 97; P., 1896, 8. Electrolytic-dissocia,tion, theory of APPLEYAED), T., 1339; P., 1896, 147. Ethanetetracarboxjlic acid, ethylic salt E thenyl-o-amin othiophenol amyl- (PERKIN and THORPE), T., 1485.iodide, coloiiring niatter obtained from (HOFMANN LECTURE), T., 714. Etlioxpacetic acid, copper and soclium salts, electrolysis of (WALKEX), T., 1278,1279. p-Ethoxypenthiazoline. y-bromo- (DIX- OX), T., 31; P., 1895, 217. Ethylamine, discovery of (HOFMANN LECTUEE), T., 656. action of nitrous acid on (HOPMANN LECTURE), T., 698. EthSlanhydrodibenzilacetoacetic acid and its potassium, silver, and barium salts (JAPP and LAXDER), T., 739 j P., 1895, 146. ethylic salt of (JAPP and LANDER), T., 738 ; P., 1895, 146. reduction of (JAPP and LAKDER), T., 743 ; P., 1895, 146. Ethylaniline (HOFNANN LECTURE), T‘., 598. discovery of ( HOFMAKX LECTURE), T., 660. magnetic rotatory power, &c., of (‘ERKTN), T., 1099,1208,1244.o-nitro- (MELDOLA and STREAT- FE~LD), P., 1896, 51. Etliylbenzene, magnetic rotntorv power, &c., of (PERKIN), T., l079,1062,1083, 1094, 1096, 1192, 12-41. Ethylene, explosive mixtures of air and (CLOWES), P., 1895, 201. Ethylene, tribrom- (HAWORTH and PERKIN), T., 177. Ethylenediamine (HOFNANN LECTURE), T., 684. Ethylenic ’ dibromide, action cf potas- sium carbonate on (HAWORTH and PERKIN), T., 175 ; P., 1896, 37. action of sodium phenoxide on (BENTLEY, HAWORTH, and PER- KIN), T., 165. dichloride, magnetic rotatory power and relative density of (PERKIN), T., 1063, 1173, 1237. chlorobromide, uction of sodium phen- oxide on (BENTLEY, HAWORTXI, and PERKIN), T., 165. Ethylic alcohol, action of light on (RICHARDSON and FORTEY), T., 1351 ; P., 1896,164. (CAIN), P., 1896, 12.action of hydrogen chloride on Etliylic ether, action of light on (RICHARDSON and FORTIEY), T., 1353 ; P., 1896, 165.IXUEX OF SUBJECTS. 1729 Ethylic iodide, magnetic rotatory power and relative density OE (PERPIN), T., 1063,1173,1237. Ethylmanveine, discovery of (HOF- MAXN LECTURE), T., 618. Ethylmesit3ylene. See 1 : 3 : 5 : 2-Tri- methylethylbenzene. Ethylpropylisobutylammoniuni chlor- ide, optically active (HOFMANN LEC- TURE), T., 671. E thy1 isopropylisobutylpliosphine and its methiodide (HOFMANN LECTURE), T., 682. Ethyl-a-thiocarbonic acid, potassiuni salt of (DORAN), T., 341. E t liyltriethylphosphonium bromide, brom-, preparation of (HOFMANN LECTURE), T., 678. action of trirnetbylamine and tri- ethylamine on (HOFMAIIN Lac- TURE), T., 679.Eugenol, magnetic rotatory power, &c., of (PERKIN), T., 1127, 1142, 124i. iso-Eugenol, magnetic rotatory power, &c., of (PERKIN), T., 1127, 1147, 1247. Eusanthone, non-formation of acid com- pounds of (PERKIN), T., 1440; P., 1896, 167. Exploaion of mixtures of cyanogen, oxy- gen, and nitrogen, rate of (DIXON, STRANGE, and GRAHAM), T., 761 ; P., 1896, 53. wave in chlorine peroxide, rate of the (DIXON and HARKER), T., 791; P., 1896, 5’7. Explosive mixtures of gases with air (CLOWES), P., 1895,201. F. Fermentation of furfuroids by yeast (CROSS, BEVAN, and SMITH), T., 816; P., 1896,96. of furfuroids from barley straw by yeast (CROSS, BEVAN, and SMITH), T., 1607; P., 1896, 174. Fisetin, identity of, with colouring mat- ter of Querbraeho colorado (PER- KIN and GUNNELL), T., 1306; Y., 1896, 158.acetpl and benzoyl derivatives of (PERKIN and GUNNELL), T., 1305 ; P., 1896, 158. (LEWES), !I?., 235; P., 1896, 2 ; (SMITHELLS), P., 1896, 3. of hydrocarbons, cawe of the lumiao- sity of (SMITHELLS), P., 1896, 3. Flames, structure of hydrocarbon Flames, acetylene theory of the lumin- osity of hydrocarbun ( LEWES), T., 226; P., 1896, 1; (SMITHELLS), P., 1896, 3. temperature of certain (LEWES), T., 228 ; P., 1896,2 ; (HARTLET), T., 842-844; P., 1896, 98; (HAR- COURT, THORPE, RUCKER, SMITH- ELLS), P., 1896, 3-5. of cyanogen and carbonic oxide under- going explosive combustion, dura- tion of the (DIXON, STRANGE, and GRAHAM), T., 763 ; P., 1896, 54. Flavopurpurin, discovery of (HOFYANN LECTURE), T., 633. Fluorene, oxidation of (HODGKINSON), P., 1896, 110.Fluorescein, tstrabromo-, (eosim), com- position of (HOFMANN LECTURE), T., 625. Formaldehyde, discovery of (HOFMAXN LECTURE), T., 706. occurrence of a condensation product of pentose with, in cellulose (CROSS, BEVAN, and SMITH), T., 813; P., 1896, 96. hydrazone of (WALKER), T., 1279. action of phenylhydrazine on (WAL- Formaldehyde, trithio-, preparation of (HOFMANN LECTURE), T., 707. Formanilide, preparation of (LUX- MOOEE), T., 190; P., 1895, 149. electrical conductivikg of solutions of (EwAN), T., 96; P., 1896, 8. niagnetic rotatory power, &c., of (PERKIK), T., 1114,1216, 1246. action of caustic soda on (HOFMANN LECTURE), T., 704. sodium etlioxide (COHEN and ARCH- DEACON), T., 94; P., 1896, 8. Formaniiide: thio-, prepayation of (BOFMANN LECTURE), T., 710.electrical conductivity of* the sodium salt of (EwAN), T., 97; P., 1896, 8. Formic acid, condensation of, with pen- toses (CROSS, BEVAN, and SMITH), T., 813 ; P., 1896, 96. amylic salt, molecular volume of, i n organic solvents (NICOL), T., 143; P., 1895, 237. ethylic salt, molecular volume of, in organic solvents (NICOL), T., 143 ; P., 1S95, 23’7. Foi-mophenylhydrazide, disodium deri- vatire of (COHEN and ARCHDEACON), French purple, discovery of (HOFMANN LECTURE), T., 608. Fructose. See Levulose. Fuchsine. See Rosaniline. EER), T., 1280. T., 95; P., 1896, 8.1730 IXDEX OF Fumaric acid, chloro-, action of hydra- zine and phenylhydrazine on (RUIIEMANN), T., 1396; P.,1896, 1e6. cthylic salt, condcnsation of, with ethylic acetoacetate (RuI~E- MA” and TYLER), T., 532; Y., 1896, 73.conden>ation of, with ethylic ben- zoylacetate (RUIIEMANN and WOLFF), T., 1384; Y., 1896, 166. condensation of, viirh ethylic methjlacetoacetate ( RUHE- MANN and WOLFE), T., 1386 ; P., 1896, 166. Furfuraldehyde, percentage of, in cel- lulose, and soluble products of cellu- lose (CROSS, BEVAN, and SMITH), T., 807; P., l.896, 96. Furfuroids, condition of, a t difl’erent stages of plant (CROSS, BEVAN, and SMITH), T., 1609 ; P., 1896, 175. relation of, to total carbohydrates from barley straw (CROSS, HEVAN, and SMITH), T., 1606; P., 1896, 174. oxidation of, by ‘bromine (CROSS, BEVAX, and SMITH), T., 815; P., 1896, 96. fermentation of, by yeast (CROSS, BEVAN, and SMIIiH), Y., 816; P., 1896, 96. osazones and yeast, fermentation of, from barley straw (CROSS, REVAN, and SMITH), T., 1607 ; I?., 1896, 174. reaction of, with hydrogen peroxide (CROSS, BEVAN, and SMITH), T., 1607; Y., 1896, 174.estimation of. in placts (CROSS, BEVAN, and SMITH), T., 1604; P., 1896,174. separation of, from cellulose by acid hydrolysis (CROSS, BEVAN, and SMITH), T., 806; P., 1896, 96. G. Galaftose, reducing power of, on am- inoniacal silver nitrate (HENDERSON), T., 152; I?”, 1896, 9. Gallic acid, occurrence of, in Quer- hracho C Q Z W U ~ O (PERKIN and GUXNELL), T., 1307 ; P., 1896,158. occurrence of, in sumach (PERKIN and ALLEN), T., 1302; P., 1896, 157. Gas, coal-, explosive mixtures of air and (CLOWES), Y., 1895, 801. 1UBJECTS. Gases, erect of electric spnrks on (HOFMANN LECTURE), T., 727. liqaefactim of DEW^^^), P., 1895, 221.combination of, in equal volumes (FIXON), T., 780; P., 1896, 56. Gentisin, non-formation of acid com- ponnds of (PERKIN), T., 1440; Y., 1896,167. d-Gliicose (dextrose), identity of, froni different sources (O’SULLIVAN and STERN), T., 1691; P., 1896, 218. synthesis of (HOFMAXX LECTURE), T’., 707. specific rotatory power OF, froni different sources (O’SULLIVAN sncl STERN), T., 1693 ; P., 1896. 218. specific grarity of aqiieous so1utio:is of, from different sources (O’SULLI- v - 4 ~ and STERN), T., 1693 ; P., 1896, 218. cupric reducing power of, from dif- ferent sourc.es (O’SULLIVAN and STERN), T., 1696; P., 1896, 218. reducing power of, on ammoniapal siher nitrate (HENDERSON), T., G-lucosides, existence o€ colouring mat- ters as (PERKIN and HUMMEL), T., 1572 ; Y., 1896, 186.Glycocine (aminoacefic acid), consti- tution of (SAKURAI), P., 1896, 38. Glycol, preparation of ( HAWORTH and PERKIN), T., 175; P., 1896, 37. chlorhydrin, action of sodium ethoxide and phenol on (BJWTLEP, HAWORTH, and PERKIN), T., 164. monophenyl ether ( BENTLEP, HAWORTH, and PERKIN), T., 164. Gljcollic acid, sodium salt, electrolysis of (WALKER), T., 1278. Gold-alloys with silver, solubility of, in potl~ssiuin cyanide solutions (MACLAURIN), l’., 1276; P., 1806, 149. Gold, double sulpbides of silver, lead, iron, copper, and (MACLAURIN), T., 1269 ; P., 1896, 149. Guaiscol, magnetic rotatory power, kc., of (PERPIN), T., 1127, 1135, 1188, 1240. p-nitro- [OH : OMe : NO2 = 1 : 2: 41 (MELDOLA), P., 1896, 125-127., dinitro- [OH : OMe : (NO,), = 1 : 2 : 4 : 61 (MELDOLA, WOOLCOTT, uiid WRAY), T., 1351.[OH : OMe : NO, : NH: L- 1 : 2 : 4 : 61, and its acetyl de- rivatives ( MELDOLA, \~OOLCOET, and WRAY), T., 1331 ; P., 1896, 164. 145 ; P., 1896, 9. nitramino-INDEX O F SUEJECTS. I731 Gunnidine, preparation of (HOFJIASF LECTURX), Y’., 715- H. Hawthorn blossom, colouring matter of white (PERKIN and H~JMMEL), T., 1570; P., 1896, 1%. HEAT :- Boiling points, apparatus for deter- mining (PERKIN), T., 1041; P., 1896, 122. of organic substances (PERKIN), T., 1247. Freezing points of sollitions of active ethylic diacetylglycerate in acetic acid and in benzene ( FRANKLAND and PICKARD), T., 134, 135; P., 1896, 11. of solutions of active and inactive methylic dibenzoylglpcerates in acetic acid, benzene, nitro-ben- zene, and ethylenic dibromide ( FRANKLAND and PICKARD), T., 125, 127, 129, 131, 132; Y., 1896, 11.Temperature of certain flames (BARTLEF), T., 844 ; P., 1896,98. Tcmperaturee, low (DEWAR), P., 1895, 221. Thermodpnsmics, applications of, to chemistry (FITZGERALD), T., 895 ; P., 1896, 25. GERALD), T., 885; P., 1896, 25. discussion on ( HARCOURT, LISTER, FRANKLAND, RAYLEIBH, ROSCOE, 26. Helmholtz memorial lecture (FITZ- ARMSTBONG, POTNTINB), r., 1896, Hemimellitic acid (1 : 2 : 3-benzeitetri- carhoxylic acid) from methylpur- puroxanthin (SCHUNCK and MAR- CHLEWSKI), T., 70; P., 1895, 203. IIemp, Indian, charas, the resin of (WOOD, SPIVEY, and EASTERFIELD), T., 539 ; P., 1896, 76. Heptane, magnetic rotatory power and relative density of ( PERKIN), T., 1063, 11’72,1236.Heptoic acid (cenanthoic acid) magnetic rotatory power and relative density of (PERKIN), T., 1063, 1172,1236. ethylic salt, magnetic rotatory power and relative density of (PERKIN), T., 1063,1172, 1236. phenylic d t , magnetic rotatory power, &c., of (PEBKIN), T , 1064, 1075, 1076,1078, 1180,1239. Hexabenzoylmyricetin, preparation and properties of (PERKIN and HUMMEL), T., 1291 ; P., 1896,145. Hexacetplmpricetin, preparation and properties of ( PERKIN and HUMMEL), T., 1291; P., 1896, 145. Hexamethoxjrosolic acid, constitution Hexamethylbenzene, preparation of Hexane, normal, from light petroleum (THOMAS and YOUNG), P., 1895, 172. (THOMAS and YOUNG), P., 1895, 174. HEXANETRICARBOXFLTC ACID :--a-iso- Propylpropane-aa~a~-tricarboKylic acid, and salts (PERKIN), T., 1492, 1493 ; P., 1896,17O,lfj4 ; (EIEINKE and YERHIN), T., 1507 ; Y., 1896, 155.action of heat on (PERKIN), T., 1495. ethylic salt (PERKX), T., 1490,1491 ; P., 1896,170,154; (HEINKE and PERKIN), T., 15U7; P., 1896, 155. (HEINKE and PERKIN), T., 1507; P., 1896, 155. eodio-, action of plienoxyethylic brom- ide on (PERKIN), T., 1504; P., 1896, 170. HEXENOIC ACIDS :- of ( HOFMANN LECTURE), T., 627. ( KOFMANN LECTURE), T., 721. normal, physical constants of action of nlcoliolic potash on iso-Propglacrylic acid and trimethyl- acrylic acid, preparation of the mixed ethereal snlts of (PERKIN), T., 1488; P., 1896, 170, 154. etliylic salt, action of ethylic sodio- malonat,e on (PERKIN), T., 1490 ; P., 1896, 170, 154. Trimethylacrylic acid (PERPIN), T., 1478; P., 1896, 170, 154 ; (PER- KIN and THORPE), T., 1495 ; P., 1896, 157.action of bromine on (PERKIN), T., 14.80; P., 1896, 154; (PERKIN and THORPE), P., 1896, 157. action of hydrobromicand hjdriodic acids on (PPRHIN), T., la81 ; P., 1896,154. action of phosphorus trichloride on (PERKIN), T., 1480. ethylic salt, action of ethylic mtllon- ate on (PERKIN), T., 1495. anilide of (PERKIN), T.. 1480. chloride of and action of aniline on (PERKIN), T., 1480. Hexethylethylenediphosphoniuin di- bromide, preparation of ( HOFYANN LECTURE), T., 678. dichloride, preparation of ( HOFMANN LECTURE), T., 680. diiodide and dihydrate, action of heat on (HOFMANN LECTU~E), T., 678.1732 INDEX OF SUB,JECTS. HEXOIC ACIDS :- a&3-Triinethylpropionic acid ( a - ~~zethyliso~rop.ylacetic acid, a- methylisovaleric acid) (PERKIN), T., 1476. action of heat on (PERKIN), T., 1477.action of bromine and phosphorus pentabromide on (PERKIN), T., 1478. a&3-Trimethylpropionic acid a-bromo-, ethylic salt (PERKIN), T., 14’78. action of alcoholic potash on (PERKIN), T., 1473, 1485, 1486 ; P., 1896,170. action of ethylic sodiomalonate on (PERKIN and THORPE), T., 1485, 1498. action of quinoline on (PERKIN), T., 1489 ; P., 1896,170,154. B-bromo- (PERKIN), T., 1481; P., 1896,170,154 ; (PERKIN and THORPE), T., 1484; P., 1896, 156. ethylic salt (PERKIN and THORPE), T., 1484. action of alcoholic potash on (PERKIN), T., 1478, 1485, action of ethylic sodiomalonate on (PERKIN), T., 1485,1498. hydi*olysis of (PERKIN and THORPE), P., 1896,157. dibromo - (PERPIN), T., 1480 ; P., 1896, 170, 154; (PERKIN and THORPE), P., 1896, 157.P-iodo- (PERKIN), T., 1481; P., 1896,170, 154 ; (PERKIN and THORPE), T., 1485; P., 1896, 157. 1486 ; P., 1896, 170. etliyiic salt {PERKIN and Hexose, clmnge of, to pentose deriva- tives in cereal cclluloses (CROSS, BEVAN, and SMITH), T., 1609; P., 1896,175. formation of a pentose monoformal from, in plants (CROSS, BEVAN, and SMITH), T., 1610; P., 1896, 175. Hofmann memorial lectures (PLAYFAIR, ABEL, PERKIN, ARMSTRONQ), T., 575; P., 1893, 133. Hofmann-violet, green dye obtained €rom (HOFMANN LECTURE), T., 632. Homopyrocatechol, magnetic rotatory power, &c., of (PERKIN), T., 1135, 1183,1239. Hy dracetplacetone, magnetic rotatory power and relative density of (PBR- KIN), T., 1063,1172, 1237.HSdrazine, formation of, by reduction THORPE), y., 1485. ot nitrososulphates (DIVERS and HAGA), T., 1613 ; P., 1896, 179. Hydrnzobenzene, discovery of (HOF- MANN LECTURE), T., 689. Hydrindene, magnetic rotatory power, &c., of (PERKIN), ‘I., 1083, 1144, 1153, 1196, 1197, 1229, 1242. Hydrindone, magnetic rotatory power, &c., of (PERKIN), T., 1093, 1201, 1243. a-Hydrindone, action of bromine on (lbVIsar?dKIPPINcl), P., 1895,214. dibi*omo- ( REVIS and KIPPIN a), P., 1895, 214. actionof alcoholic potash on (REVIS and XIPPISG), Y . , 1895, 214. iso-Hydrobenzoin, from the electrol+s of potassium n-iandelate (WALKER), T., 1279. Hydrocarbon, C,,H,,, from santnlal (CHAPMAN and BUEQESS), P., 1896,140. C29H60, frQm Charas (WOOD, SPIVEY, and EASTERFIELD), T., 543; P., 1896, 76.Hydrocarbons in coalfar (HOFMANX Hydrogen, liquefaction of (DEWAR), P., 1895, 229; (RAMSAY), P., 1895, 231. direct union of, with cubon (BONE and JORDAN), P., 1896, 61. explosive mixtures of air and (C‘LOWES), P., 1895, 201. LECTURE), T., 693. Hydrogen peroxide, production of? dur- ing oxidation (DIXON), T., 779 ; P., 1896, 56. formation of, from ether by action of light (RICEARDSON and FOR- TEY), T., 1352; P., 1896, 165. formation of, from certain organic substances by action of light (RICHARDSON and FORTEY), T., 1349 ; P., 1896, 164, 165. reaction of furfuroids with (CROSS, BEVAN, and SMI~H), T., 1607; Y.. 1896, 174. oxidation of pentoees by (CROSS, BEVAN, and SMITH), T., 815; P., 1896, 96. Hydrolapachol, chlor- (HOOKER), T., 1361. l-Hydroxy-l’-acetony1-3 : 3’-dimeth~l- isoquinoline, hydrochloride, platino- chloride (COLLIE and WILSMORE), T., 301 ; P., 1896, 47.w- Hydroxy-cis-.rr-camphanic acid and its acetyl derivative (KIPPING), T., 947; P., 1896, 115. s-Ifydroxycamphoric acid, barium salt, acetyl derivative. of the anhydride (KIPPIPTG), T., 938; P., 1896,115.INDEX OF SUBJECTS. 1733 a-Hydroxycamphoric wid, oxidation of (KIPPING), P., 1895, 211. 70 -H y droxycamphot ricarbosy lic acid, isomeric lactones, silver salt (KIP- PING), T., 961; P., 1896, 115. Hydroxyclibromocanipliorsulphonic acid : its bromide and lactone (LAP- WORTH and KIPPING), P., 1896, 78. aBB-Hydroxydiplienylbntgric acid (iso- phenefhylmnndelic acid) (JAPP and LANDEE), P., 1896, 108. y-Hydroxy-By-diplieiijlbntyric acid (JAPP and LANDER), P., 1896, 110.1 -Hrdroxy- 1 : 2 -dipheny lcyclopentan - 4-one (JAPP and LANDER), P., 1896, 107. onylacetic acids, a- and p- (JAPP and MURRAY), P., 1896, 147. 2-Hyclroxy-2 : 3.diphenylcycZopenten- onylacetic acid, &lactone of (JAPP and MURRAY), P., 1896,147. Hy droxye thyltriethylpllosphoiiium hydroxide, preparation of (HOFMANX LECTURE), T., 678. B-Hydroxy -a&f3- triinethyl propionic 2-Hydroxy-2 : 3-diphenylc,yclopenten- IIPDROXYHEXOIC ACIDS :- acid (h~~~rox~~-a-inefhyl~.~ovuleric acid) (PBRKIX and THORPE), T., 1482,1486,1487; P., 1896, 156. action of hydriodic and hydrobrornic acids on (PERKIN), T., 1487; (PERKIN and THORPE), T., 1454, 1485. salts of (PERKIN and THORPE), T., 1486, 1487. etliylic salt ( PERKIN and THORPE), T., 1482 ; P., 1896, 156.Hpdroxyhydrolapachol (HOOKER) , T., Hjdrosylamine, formatioil of, by reduc- tion of nitrites (DIVERS and HAGA), T., 1612 ; P., 1896, 179. action of hydrogen iodide on (DUN- STAN and GOULDING), T., 840,841 ; P., 1896, 73. aniidosulphonate (DIVERS and HAGA), T., 164’7. comparison of hydriodides and hydro- clilorides of (DUNSTAN and GOUL- Ilyclroxylamine sulphate, preparation of (DIVERS and HAGA), T., 1665 ; P., 1896, 178. action of metallic iodides on (DUN- STAN and GOULDING), T., 840. Hydroxy-iso-lapachol, preparation of Ilydroxy-a-lapachone, synthesis of 1361. DING), T., 841, 842. (HOOKER), T . , 1368,135’5. (HOOKER), T., 1370, 1372. Hydroxy-~-lapaclioiie, formation of pveparation of (HOOKER), T., 1368. 5 : 2-Hydroxymethylcoumslin (RUHE- NANN and WOLFF), T., 1388.5 : 1 -Hydroxy meth yldihy dro pyridone- 3 : 4-dicarboxylic acid, amide of mon- ethylic salt (RUHEXANN and TYLER), T., 533 ; P., 1896, 73. 2 : 3-Hydroxynaphthoic acid, constitu- (HOOKER), T., 1381. tion of, in relation t o colour (ARMSTRONG), P., 1896, 42. etherification of (ARNSTROXG), I?., 1896, 43. y-Hydroxy-~-pl~enoxyetliylbutyric acid (BENTLEY, HAWORTIT, and PERKIN), T., 1’70 ; P., 1896, 36. carbamide (DOXAS), T., 329; P., 1896, 74. B-Hydroxy-aap-trimethgladipic acid (PERKIN and THORPE), P., 1896, 156. 8-Hydroxy-aaB-trimethyladi~ic acid, lactone of PERKI INS^^ THORPE), P., 1896, 156. a-Hydroxy-aB8-trimethylglutaric acid, ethylic salt (PERKIN and TaoirP~), P., 1896, 156. 6-Hydroxy-aaP-trimethylglutaric acid, action of the bromides of phos- phorus on (PERKIN and THORPE), P., 1896, 156.ethylic salt (PERKIN and TKORPE), P., 1896, 156. l-Hydrosy-1’ : 3’ : 3-trimethylisoquinol- ine : its hjdrochloride ; oxidation of (COLLIE and WILSMORE), T., 302; P., 1896, 4’7. ab-pHy droxyphen ylcarboxyethylthio- I. Indene, magnetic rotatory power, &c., of (PERKIN), T., 1083, 1144,1153,1196, 1197,1230,1242. Induline, discovery of (HOFXANN LEC- TURE), T., 622. Inversion, mechanism of (A~MSTRONG), P., 1896,46. Iodine, reaction of, with dilute ammo- nia solution (CHATTAX-AY), T., 1577 ; Y., 1896, 173. Iron, doubie sulphide of gold and (MACLAURIN), T., 1274 ; P., 1896, 149. Ferric ainidosulphonate (DIVERS and chloride, hydrated, absorption of moisture by (HAKE), P., 1896, 3 a. HAGA), ‘I!., 1647.1734 INDEX OF SUBJECTS. (HUMPHREYS), T., 250; P., 1896, 9.Lead alloys with tin and cadmium, solu- tion and diffusion of, in mercury (HUMPHREYS), T., 1681; P., 1896, 220. Lead salts, list of quadrivdent (HVT~II- IFSON and POLLARD), T., 225. Lead tetmchloricle (HUTCHINEON and POLLARD), l’., 218. HAGS), T., 1626. Red Iead, action of glacial aceti,: acid on (HUTCHINSON and POLLAED), T., 213; P., 1896, 31. Lead tetraphosphate (HUTCHri%oN and POLLARD), T., 221 ; P., 1896, 31. Lead, double sulphide of gold with (A~ACLAUILLN), T., 1273 ; P., 1896, 149. Lecture experiment : with ozone, appa- ratus for (XEWTH), T., 1298; P., 1896,139. Lectures, inelnorial : Helmholtz (FITZ- GERALD), ‘Y., 885 ; P., 1896, 26. Hofmann (ABXL, ARMSTRONG, PER- KIN, PLAYFAIR), T., 575 ; P., 1893, 133. Lothar Meyer (BEDSON), T., 1403; I?., 1898, 119.Leucaniline, preparation of (HOFXANN LECTURE) T., 613. imidosulphonates (DIVERS and Lead oxides :- Iron :- Ferrous amidosulphonat,es (DIVERS snd HAGA). T., 1647. aluminium sulphste, occurrence of, on bricks exposed to sulphurous :inhydride (PATERSOX), T., 66 ; P., 1895, 203. coesium sulphate, densit,y and opti- cal behaviour of (TUTTON), T., 396. potassium sulphate, densit,y and optical behaviow of (TUTTOJ), T., 387. rubidium sulphate, density and optical behaviour of (TUTTON), T.. 391. Isatin, action of nitrous acid on (HoF- nitration of ( HOFMANR LECTURE), Isomerism, position, influence of, on optical activity (FRANKLAND and WHARTON), T., 1563; P., 1896,186. effect of, on rot,atory power (FRANKLAND and WHARTON), T,, 7320 ; P., 1896, 148.Tsonitriles, alkylic, preparation of MANN LECTURE), T., 699. T., 647. (HOFXANN LECTURE) T., 663. K. Ketone-group of natural dye st,uffs (PERKIN), T., 1410; P., 1896, 16’7. Ketopinic acid, its methylic, barium, and calcium salts, hydrazone, and oxime (ARNSTRONG), P., 1896, 167; T., 1401. Kinoin, non-forination of acid com- pounds of (PERKIN), T., 1440; P., 1896, 16’7. Enaresborough dropping well, analysis of water of (BURRELL), T., 536 ; P., 1896, 73. L. Lactic acid, sodium salt, electrolysis of d-Lactic acid, conversion of, into locvo- lactic acid (PERDIE and WILLIAM- SON), T., 837; P., 1896, %’. specific rotation of the ethylic salt of (PURDIE and WILLIAMSON), T., 827; P., 1896, 97. Lactone, CIOHI4O3; from dibromocam- pholide, and its bromo-derivative (FORSTEP), T., 43 ; P., 1895, 208.Lactonic acid, C,H205, from dihydroxy- maleic acid and hydrogen kromide in (WALKER), T., 1278.ISDES OF SUBJECTS. 1735 L evulini c a cid (b - a cety lprop i o nic acid, aacetonayiacetic acid) , condensation of,with benzil(JAPP and MURRAY), P., 1896, 146. ethylic salt, action of ethylic brom- isobutymte on (PERKIN and THOBPE), P., 1896, 156. Levulose (fmcctose), reducing power of, on ammoniacal silver nitrate (HEN- DERSON), T., 152; P., 1896, 9. Light, action of, on mercurous acetate (HADA), T., 1674; P., 1896,183. dissociation of mercurous nitrate by (HADA), T., 1668; P., 1896, 153. action of, on merciirous sulphate (HADA), T., 1673 ; P., 1896,183. action of, on ethylic ether (RICHARD- SON and FORTEY), T., 1352; P., 1896,165. action of, on amvlic alcohol, &c.(RICHARDSON a”nd FOBTEY) , T., 1349; P., 1896,164. Colour, origin of (ARMSTRONG), P., 1896,42. Dispersion, molecular, of the double sulphatee of potassium, rubidium, and cesium (TUTTOX), T., 476; P., 1896, 70. Magnetic rotatory power, apparatus for determining ( PEBKIN), T., 1G27; P., 1896, 122. effect of temperature on (PERKIN), T., 1058; P., 1896,122. of organic substances, chiefly aro- matic (PERKIN), T., 10%; P., 1898,122. of mixtures (PERKIN), T., 1052; P., 1896, 122. Optical behaviour of the sulphates containing potassium, rubidium, and ceesium, in%uence of atomic LIGHT :- weight on the (TUTTON), T., 499; P., 1896, 71. Optically active compounds, inversion of (ARXSTRONQ), Y., 1896, 46. Phosphorescence produced by Ront- gen rays (JACKSON), P., 1898, 68.Refraction equivalents of acetylace- tone at different temperatures (PEBEIN), T., 2 ; P., 1895, 199. of o-toluidine at different tempera- tures (PEBKIN), T., 4; P., 1895, 199. of p-toluidine at different tempera- tures (PEBKIN), T., 4; P., 1895, 199. Refraction, molecular, of crystalline salts, additive nature of (POPE), T., 1530; P., 1896,178. V O I . LXIX. LIQHT :- Refraction, molecular, of substances in the solid and liquid states compared (POPE), T., 1533; P., 1896, 178. of the double sulphates of potas- rium, rubidium, and csesium (TUTTON), T., 476, 503; P., 1896,70. Refractive index, mean, of anisotropic cI*J‘.gstalS (POPE), T., 1530; P., 1896, 177. Refractive indices of the double sulphntes of potassium, rubidium, and coesium (TUTTON), T., 463; P., 1896, 69.Rontgen rays, methods of producing, and nature of (JACKSON), P., 1896, 58. influenco of the, on chemical changes (DIXON and BAKER), T., 1308 ; P., 1896,160. influence of the, on the combina- tion of carbonic oxide and oxygen (DIXON), T., 788; P., 1896, 56. Rotatory power of substances in the crystalline and amorphous con- dition POPE),^., 971 ; P., 1896, 116. influence of position isomerism on (FRANKLAND and WHARTON), T., 1583; P., 1896, 186. of aspartic acid (MARSHALL), T., 1022 ; P., 1896,146. of crystals of hydrated trans- camphotricarboxylic acid (POPE), T., 978 ; P., 1896, 116. of ethylic diacetylglycerate dis- solred in acetic acid (FRAXK- LAND and PICKAXD), T., 136; P., 1896, 11. of ethylic diacetylglycerate dis- eolved in benzene (FRANKLAND and PICKARD), T., 135; P., 1896, 11.of methylic and ethylic mono- benxoylglycerates a t different temperaturee ( FRANKLAND and MACGREQOR), T., 112; P., 1896,lO. of methylic dibenzoylglycerate aimolved in acetic acid (FRANK- LAND and PICKAXD), T., 133; of methylic dibenzoyl Iyceratc dissolved in benzene ~FBANK- LAXD and PICPARD), T., 127; P., 1898, 11. of methylic dibenzoylglycemt u dissolved in ethylene dibromide (FRANKLAND aud PICXABD), T., 130 ; P., 1896, 11. P., 1886,ll. C j AIi36 1SL)EX OF SUBJECTS. Lrc1r.r. .- Rotatory power of mctlij<lic clibenzojl- glycerate dissolved in nitrobenz- ene (FRANKLAND and PICKARD), T., 131 ; P., 1896, 11. of metliylic and etliylic dibenzogl- tartrates (FRANKLAND and WHARTOS), T., 1585 ; P., 1896, 186.of methylic d i ~ ~ e n ~ l a c e t ~ l g l y c ~ r - ate at different temperatures (FRAKKLAND and MACGXEGOB), of meth ylic dipropioii j-i,aljccrnte a t different temperatmes (FRANKLAKD and MAC~RCGOR), T., 116 ; P., 1896, 10. of niethglic, ethylic, and propylic dibcnzoylglycerates a t different NACGREGOR), T., 104; P., 1896, 9. of the incthglic and etlijlic salts of 0-, m-, and P-clitolnoSl(nrt:i1.ic scids (FXASI;LAND a:id ~VIIAR- TOK), T., 1309, 1s89; P., 1896, 14s. Specific rotatorj- power, influence of solrents on, and of ring formation on (FORSTEX), T., 40. and WILLIAXSON), l’., b28; P., 1896, 97. of ethllic acetglmnlate (PVRDIE arlcl WILLIANSON), T., S24 ; P., 1896, 97. of cthvlic bnt.rrS;lmdate (PI-RDIE anci ~YILLI~ATSON), T., 825. of etlivlic dextroctilorol~ropioiint e (PTGDIE and WILLIAMSOS), T., 829; r., 1896.9;. of ethjlic (?+lactate (PUXDTE and W r r m a ~ s o a ) , T., 827 ; I?., 1896,. 9i. of malie acid snd its potassinm salt (PCBDIE and WILLISMSOS), T., 822. of the meth~lic, etbylic, prop! lie, isopropj lie, normal butylic, and isobitt: lic salts of indie acid (PPRDIE am1 WILLISXSOS), T., 533; P., 1896, 97. Spectrum of the flame of rFtinogen (LEWES), T., 240; Y., 1896, 3. of ’ r ~ candle flame (HARTLET), T., 343. Velocity of light along tlio axes of the optical ellipsoid of‘ double Eiilpliates of potassium, rubidium, xnci cmium (TCTTON), T., 466 ; I’ , 1896, 69. l’., 111 ; P., 1896, 10. teUll3el*atlWeS (FRANK1,AX.D a1id of ethJ-llc l-d-1:~tatc (Prmm L;tliinm c+iiloricle, absorption of ii?oi*tui=e Lomatiol, constitution of (IIOOKER), Y... Lutcolm, tlie coleiiring m:itter of neld (PERKIX), 1 , 2 0 6 ; l’., 1896.37. 1wcparation of, from ~.;clcl extract (PERKIS), T., X O i . prcpnrntion mid proprytie? of rani- poiinds of’, 11 irh niincral ::r.i(!q (PERKIS), T., 308. constitutioii of (PI;RKIX), T., 218, 7% ; I’.. 1896, 37, 10.5. relation o f , t o c,iitwetin (PERGII), T., SO3 ; P., 1896, 105. cIecoin1)osition of, with I‘uwd nllinlis ( F E r t K r s ) , T., Y O , Sol; P.. 1896, t e t race! y 1 an (1 te t rn b m z q 1 tl orirn ! i cb by (HAKE), P , 1896, 31. 1360, 1351. 37, 105. of (PERKIS), T., 210; 37. P., 1896, triethyl ctlirr and i t s ncetjl dwi\ a- tiye (PEI<KIx),‘~., 800; l’.. 1896, 105. clccomp&tion of, TI itli nlcoliolie p o t a ~ l i (PERKIN), T , ,402; P., 1896, 10.5.11)-dr~oclitle, i l n d ~ s i s of (1’ERTiIS), T., Luteolin, hroxo-, prep‘iration aiitl pro- pcrtics of‘ (PEtiI<I>), T., X I ! ) ; P., 2442 ; P., 1896, 167. 1896, 37. 2113 ; l’., 1896, 3’7. :icrt!-l cltrirativc of (Pmiiis). T.,ISDES OF SUBJECTS. 1i37 Ndic acid and its potweimn salt, specific rotatiop of (P‘GI~DIE and WIL- LIAMSON), T., 822. action of isopropylic iodide on the ailver salt of (PURDIE and WIL- LIAMSON), T., 825. methylic, ethylic, propylic, iso- propylic, normal butylic, isobutylic, amylic, and octylic salts of, specific rotation of hhe (PUBDIE and WILLIAXSON), T., 823; P., 1806, 97. Jlalonic acid, absorption by Bilk of dilute (WALKER and APPLEYARD), T., 1346 ; Y., 1806,147. ethylic salt, molecular rolume of, in oi*ganic solvcnts (NICOL), T., 143 ; P., 1805, 237.action of sodium ethoxide and p- bromet>hyl phenyl ether on (BENT- LET, UAWOBTH, and PEEKIN), T., 167, 169 ; P . , 1809, 85, 36. Malonic acid, sodio-, ethylic salt, act.ion of ethylic isopropylacqlttte on action of ethylia ajWtrimethy1- propionate on (PEEE~N and “HORPE), T., 1485. Maltose, reducing power of, on nmmo- niacal silver nitrate (HEXDEESOS), T., 153 ; P., 1806, 9. Mandelic acid (pheagZgl.yeoElic~ acid), pohssium salt, elcctrolpis of (WALKER), T., 127% Mangaiiese nitrate, hydrated, absorp- tion of .moisture by (HAKE), P . , 1886, 34. coesium sulphate, density and optical beliariour of (TUTTOX), T., 413. iwbidium sulphute, density and opti- cal behaviour of (TUTTON), T., 309. Manures, effect of potash, on different 13.* increase of crop by potash, compared with available potash in soil (WOOD), T., 889 ; P.? 1806,13. Mauve, discovery of (HOFMANN LEC- Mauveine and its salts (HOFYANN LEC- action of ethylic iodide on (HOFMAXN Melamine, constitation of (HOFMAKS LECTIJXE), T., 717. Membrane, a perfect semi-permeable (FITZGEBALD), T., 905; P., 1806, 26. Membranes, semi-perwenblv, theory of (FXTZGERALD), T., 80’7; P., 1806, 25. (PERKIN), T., 1490. Soil8 (WOOD), T., 288 ; P . , 1896, TURE), T., 604; P., 1803,138. TURE), T., 613. LECTURE), T., 617. Memorial lectures : Helmholtz (FITZ- GERALD), T., 885; P., 1806,26. Hofmann (ABEL, ABMSTRONQ, PEE- EIN, PLAYFAIR), T., 675; P., 1803, 133. Lothar Meyer (BEDSON), T., 1403 ; P., 1806, 119. Menthol, crystalline modifbations of Mercury, solution and diffusion of metals and alloys in (HUMPHBEYS) , T., 250, 167‘3; P., 1806, 220; (ROBERTS-AUSTEN), P., .1806,9,219.Mercury, amidosulphonates (DIVEBS and iinidosulphonates (DIVERS and HAGA), T., 1627 ; P.,~1806, 159. Mercurous nnd mercuric cbloridcs, mutunl conreraion of (HADA), T., 1675 ; Y., 1806,183. nitrates, mutual conversion of (HADA), T., 1667 ; P., 1806. 182. phosphates, mutual conversion of a (hADA), T., 1673; P., 1806, 182. sulphates, mutual conrersion of (HADA), T., 1672; P., 1806, 182. acetates, perchlorates, and oxal- ates, iiiutual conversion of (HADA), T., 1674; I?., 1806, 183. Mercurous oxide and carbonate, decom- position of (HADA), T., 1677; 1’ , 1806,183. Mesidine, nitro-, preparation of (IIoP- MANN LECTURE), T., 694. Mesitylene, composition of (HOFMASX LECTURE), I!., 694.magnetic rotatory power, &c., of (PERKIN), ‘l’., 1064, 1130, 1193, 1241. Mesitylene, Iribromo-, discovery of (HOFMANN LEOTUBE), T., 694. dinitro-, prepnration of (~LOFXANN LECTUEE), T., 694. Mesitylenesulphonic acid, discovery of (HOFXANN LECTURE), ‘I., 694. Methane, synthesis of, from carhon and hydrogen (BOKE and JOBDAN), P., 1806, 61. (CLOWES), P., 1895, 201. (POPE), P., 1806, 143. HAGA), T., lG49; P . , 1806,180. explosive mixtures of air and combustion of, in presence of nitrogen (DUN8TAN nndCARR), P., 1806,4!8. Methenehydrazone, remurks on donati- tution of (WALEEM), T., 1286. Xethenyl-o-aminothiophcnol, prepara- tion of (HOXMANX LECTURE), T., amyloiodide, colouring mntter ob- 712,713. 6 A 2I738 INDEX OF SUBJECTS.tainad from (HOFXAXN LECTURE), T., 714. Melheny2-o-aminothiopheno1, chloro-, preparation of ( HOFMANN LECTURE), T., 712. o-Xethoxybenzaldebyde (methylsalicyl- a ZdehTde), magnetic rotatory power, &c., of (PERKIN), T., 1127, 1128, 1200, 1243. o-Methoxybenzoic acid (methylsalicylic acid), magnetic rotstory power, &c., of the ethylic salt of (PERKIN), T., 1127, 1128, 1130, 1160, 1176, 1231, 1238. m-Methoxybenzoic acid, magnetic rota- tory power, &c., of the ethylic salt of (PEEKIN), T., 1130, 1177, 1238. o-Methoxybenzylic alcohol (nzethylsali- cylic alcohoZ), magnetic rotatory power, &c., of (PERKIN), T., 1128, 1198, 1242. p-Methoxypenthiazoline, y-bromo- (DIXON), 'J'.. 3 2 ; I?., 1895, 217. Methoxyphenylacrylic acids, 0-0- and B-o-, magnetic rotatory powers, &c., of tbe methylic salts of (PERKIN), T., 1147,1228, 1247. Methylacetoacetic acid, ethylic salt, action of sodium ethoxide and bromethxl phenyl ether on (BENTLEY, HAWORTH, and PEB- KIN), T., 173; P., 1896, 36.condensation of, with ethylic chlorofumarate ( RUHEMANN and WOLFF), T., 1384 ; P., 1896,166. Methylallylthiocarbamide, action of bromine on (DIXON), T., 852. Methylamme, discovery of ( HOPMANN LECTURE), T., 656. hydrochloride (LUXMOORE), T., 184. Methylaniline ( HOFMANN LECTURE), T., 598. preparation of (HOFMAKN LECTURE), T., 624, 625. magnetic rotatory power, &c., of (PERKIN), T., 1099, 1207, 1244. Methylaniline, bromonitro- (EVANS), P., 1895, 236. tribromo- (EVANS), P., 1895, 235. Methylanilines, colouring matters ob- tained from ( HOFMANN LECTURE), T., 623.Methylbenzaconine, formation of (DUN- STAN, TICKLE, and JACKSON), P., 1896, 159. ealts of, hydrolysis OE (DUNSTAN, TICKLE, and JACKSON), I?., 1896, 160. N-Methylbenzanlialdoxime and its hy- drobromide (LUXMOORE), T., 183; Y., 1895, 149. 'hylriodidc ( LLSXOORE), T , 185. R'-;Meth~lbenz.uynaldoxiin~ and its hy- dtobromide (LUXHOORE), T., 184, J 85 ; P., 1895,149. 1 : 3 : 4-Methylbenzenedicarboxylic acid. See a-Methglphthalic acid. a-Nethylbutyric acid. See Valeric acids. Met hy lbutryolactones. See Valerolact- Methyldiethylamine, preparation of Methyldiethylamylammonium bpdr- ones. (HOFMAXN LECrURE),T., 670. oxide, action of heat on (HOPXAKS LECTURE), T., 666. Methyldiethyl~isoamyla~~monium plat,- inochloride, crystalline form of (HOP- MANN LECTURE), T., 671.2-Methyldihydrof urfuran-3 : 4-dirarh- oxylamic acid, ethylic salt (RUHEMANN and WOLFF), T., 1393. 2-Methjldihydrof urfuran-3 : 4-dicarb- oxylic acid, ethylic salt of ( RIJIIEMANX and WOLFF), T., 1392. 2-Methyldihydrofurfuran-3 : 4 : 5- tricarboxylic acid, ethylic ealt (RUHEMANN and TYLER), T., 532; Y., 1896, 73. Metbyldiphenyl. See Phenyltoluene. Methyldiphenylamine, magnetic rota- tory power, &c., of (PERKIN), T., 1101, 1157, 1208,1232,1244. Metlijlenic diiodide, magnetic rotatory power and relative density of (PERPIN), T., 1063,1173, 1237. diiodide and dichloride, action of Podium phenoxide on ( BENTLEY, HAWORTH, and PEBKIN), T., 166, 167. Methylethylacetic acid. See Valeric acids. n-Methyletliylene-+thiourea, hydro- bromide of (DIXON), T., 23.Methyleugenol, synthesis of (MELDOLA, WOOLCOTT, and WRAY), T., 1321. Methylfurfurandicai*boxylic acid, etbylic salt of (RUHEYANN and WOLFF), T., 1388; P., 1896,166. &Methylhydroxylamine hydrochloride (LUXMOORE), T., 1.83. Methylic alcohol, actiun of light on (RICHARDSOX and FOBTEY), T., 1351 ; P., 1896,164. action of, on aconitine ( DUNSTAN, TICKLE, and JACKSON), P., 1898, 159. Methylic iodide, action of hydroxyl- amine on (DUNSTAN and GOULDING), T., 839 ; Y., 1896, 72. p-Methylimide zoline, act ion of pheny 1- thiocarbimide on ( DIXON), T., 31 ; P., 1895, 217. action of o- tolylthioctlrbimide on (DIXOX), T., 35; P., 1895, 217.ISDES OF p-Methy limidltzolj lplieny lthiouren (.DIxoN), T., 34; P., 1895, 217. action of alkaline lead tartrate on (DIXON), T., 35 ; P., 1895, 217.p-Mathylimidazolyl-o-tolplthioures (DIXON), T., 35; P., 1806, 217. 8-Methylketopentsmetliylene. See Jle- th ylcyclopentanone. Methylluteolin, preparation of (PER- KIN), T., 211 ; P., 1896, 37. Methylmalonic acid (iso-succinic acid), ethereal salts, action OF sodium ethoxide and ethylene dibroniide on (BENTLEY, HAWORTII, and PERKIN), T., 162. ijodio-, etbylic salt, action of bromo- or chloroethyl phenpl ether on ( BENTLEY, HAWOSTH, and PERKIN), T., 171; P., 1896, 36. behaviour of, towards ethylic a- bromisovalerate ( BENTLEY, PERKIN, and THORPE), T., 284; P., 1896, 65. action of i.wpropylic bromide on (PERKIN), T., 1477. p-Methylpenthiszoline, ybromo-, and its picrate ( DIXON), T., 853 ; P., 1806,100. action of siiver nitrate on (DIXON), T..853. hydrobromide ( PIXOK), T., 852 ; P., 1806, 100. action of caustic potash on (DIXON), T., 833; Y., 1896, 100. action of silver chloride on ( DIXON), T., 853. hydrochloride ( DIXON), T., 853. a-Methjlphthalic acid (L : 3 : 4-methyl- benzenedicarhoxylic acid), from di- me th yhaph th alen e (c0 LLIE and WILSMORE), T., 2:19; t'., 1896,47. 1 : 2 : 4-3leth~lisophtltalic acid and its methylic salt ( BENTLEY and PEBKIN), P., 1896, 79. aal-Methylisopropyladipic arid (BENT- LEY, HAWOBTH, and PEBKIN), T., 161. Meth yli.Topropylcyc*Zob ut anedicarb- oxjlic acid (HENTLEP, HAWORTR, and PEItKrN), T., 161. ethylic salt, T , 162. ~ethylis,,propylbut anetricarboxylic acid, ethylic salt (BENTLEY, HA- WORTH, and PEBKIN), T., 162. Meth jlisopropjlethanetricarbox ylic acid, ethylic salt, hydrolysis of (BENTLEY, PERKIN, and THORPE), T., 274; P., 1896,64.cis-Metbylisopropylsuccinic acid, silrer XJB JECTS. 1739 ealt, anil and anilic acid of (BENT, LEY, PEBKIN, and TIIORPE), 'I., 270,282 ; P., 1806. 64. tvans-3iethylisopropjlsuccinic acid and it(s silver salt, mil and ariilic acid (BENTLEY, PERKJY, ant1 THOBPE), T., 278, 283; P., 1896, 65. Metliylisopropylsuccinic anhydride, cis- and trans- forms of (BENTLET, PRR- KIN, and THOEPR), T., 278; P., 1896, 65. Meth y!purpuroxanthin from rn-dih yd r- oxybenzoic and o-tolnic acid8, di- acetyl deriratire of (SCHDNCP and MABCELEWSKI), T., 70; P., 1895, 202. Meth ylpurpuroxan t hins from In-di- hydroxybenzoic and m-toluic acids (SCHUNCK and MARCHLEWSKJ), T., 69; P., 1895, 202. Methylsalicylaldehyde.See o-Nethoxy- benzaldehyde. Metliplsalicylanilide. See o-Methoxy- benzanilide. Methylsalic~lic acid. See o-Methoxy- benzoic wid. Metliylsalicglic alcohol. See o-Meth- oxybenzjlic alcohol. Methylsuccinimide. See Pyrotartar- imide. Methylterephthalic acid, methylic salt of (BENTLEY and PERKIN), P., 1896, 79. Methylthiocarbimide, action of brom- ethjltlmine on ( DIXOX), T., 23. iMethylt~riet~hylaminonium chloride and hydroxide, action of heat on (HOF- MANN LECTWRE), T., 670. Methylt rietliylphosplionium chloride, chloro- (HOFMANN LECTUBE), T., 680. ligdroxicle (HOFMANX LECTURE), T., preparation of (HOFMANN LEC- iodide, discovery of ( KOFYANN LEC- Meyer, Lothar, memorial lecture (BED- SON), T., 1403; P., 1896,119. Modern theories of chemistry, t,he, L.Meyer (BEDSON), T., 1427; P., 1896, 119. Molybditartaric acid, sodium salt of (HENDERSON and BARR), T., 1455; Y., 1806, 169. Morin, the colouring matter of MacEura tinctovia, properties of ( L'ERKIN and BABLICH), T., 799 ; P., 1896, 106. constitution of, in reltltim to 680. TURE), T., 673. lURE), l'., 602.1’740 JXUEX OF SUBJECTS. querce tin, ch rjsiii ,’ and gent.isein (YERGIN and BAELIC~I), T., 798 ; P., 1896, 106. BIoriii, action of fusetl allidi on ( PERKIS and UACLICI~), T., 703 ; P., 1896, 106. Jlorin hvclriodidc, analysis of (PER- cliinebhyl ct.hcr, preparation :uid 1,ropcrties of (PERKIN and BAE- LICH), T., 798; P., 1896, 106. tctxmetliyl ether, preparation, anil acetyl c1eriv:itirc of (PEI~KIS and BABLICR), T., 796; P., 1896, 106. itccompoeit ion of, witJi slcoholic KI+ j, T., 14.43 ; P , 1896,167.pOt:LPIl ( P E R K I S alld BAULICH), T , 797; P., 1896,106. illorin, tetmbroiiio-, lwepzration of, and the pent:tcot,yl derirativc of (1’r:ur;~s and UABLIC~), T., 794 ; P., 1896, 106. non-formation of acid compounds of ( PCXKIX), T., 1343 ; P., 1896, 1G7. Mjric*a ~zo.yi, yellow colouring matt:lr of ( PERKIS and HUJIXEL), T., 1257 ; p., 1896, 145. djeing properties of, and tannin in ( P~nr;rx and 7 I n I m L ) , T., 1294; Y., 1896, 145. JIyricetin, tlic yellow colouring matter of ,?fysaicn mzgi (PERKIN and H t a r - >;EL), T., 1257 ; P., 1896,145. idcntity of the colouring innttei. oi sumach witli (PERKIX arid A L I . ~ : ~ ) , r-3 I., 1303; P., 1896, 157. prrpration, mid c.licmical a d clj cing properti.es of (PERKIN and I J (-31- UEL), T., 12S7; P., 1896, 145.?vljricetin, constitution of. :mcl its rela- tion to qriercctiii (PERKIN a n d HCMMET,)~ ‘l’., 1203; P., 1896, 14.5. i i ( a l ion of‘ i r i m 1 alkalis on ( PEUK I N a n G IIL-NMEL), ‘l‘., 129.2 ; l’., 1896, 145.. acctpl and benzoyl derirative of (PEJL KIN, and HEI~NEL), T., 1901 ; Y., 1896, 145. Myricetin, fetvabromo-, preparation :)lid properties of ( YERKIK and H t n ~ ~ r l : ~ ) , I., 1293,; P., 1896,145. N, N~phtliitlene, discovery of ( HOFJI AK-T LECTURE), T., 697. magnetic i*otatory power, Src., of (PERKIN), T , , 1064, 1088, 1089, 1195, 1242. Kaphthalene, 1 : 2-dicliioro-, from 2 : l-chloronaplitl~alci-,esulpllon- ainide ( AHMSTROXG and WYSXE), P., 1895, 238. . 1 : 3-tlic:hloro- (ARNSTROSO and 1 : 8’-dichloro- ( i\1t31sTitoNu- and 1 : 3 : 4’-tricltloro- (=\I?VSTROKG and a-nit.ro-, niagnetic rotatory pow^, &C., din i t ro - , red u c t i on of ( €10 F _\I .4 3 N WYSXK), l’., 1895, 241.W’Y.S.X?;E:), P., 1895, 24,l. of (PERKIS), T., 1096, l l & i , 1239. LECTUBII), T., 64.T. 1 : 2‘-Na~~lithnlenedisiil~~lionic acid, cliloride (A~\lLMSTRONG and WYSXE), l’., 1895, 240. 1-cIi101-o-, and its chloricle (ARM- STROSG and W P S ~ ) , I?., 1895, 241. l-~u~~lithaleiiesulphonic acid, nitration of the potsssinm salt ( ARMSTROSG and WTKXE), P., 1895, 239. 2-chloro-, barium, pot assi urn, sodiu in salts, cliloridc, iiinitle (ARMSTROSG xncl WYXNE), P., 1895, 238. 3-Saplit~lialenc~;ul~~~ioriic acid, l-chloro- (ARMSTRONG and WYXNE), P., 1895, 240. (ARXST~~OA-G aiicl ~ V Y K S E ) , P., 1895, 24.1.a - ~ : ~ p h t I i o i c acid, magnetic rotatory p o ~ ~ r , Bcc., of the etliylic salt of (L’E!~KIX), ‘l‘., 1137,1161, 1179,1234, 1238. fl- Naphbhoic acid, magnetic rota tory ]>ewer, &c., of the ethylic salt of (PERKIN), T., 1137, 1161,1179,1232, 1238. IT -Suplithol, dinitro-, discoi-ery of (HOFNANN LECTURE), T., 621. S;ilrlit lionitrile, prepilrat ion of (HOF- JIASN LECTURE), ‘l‘., 705. ( I - and B-Naplitlionitriles, nitignetic rot.&- tory powers, &., of (i’EnKIx). T., 1697, 1.137, 1206, 1244. 3 : 4’-N~~~l1thulenetlis~ilplionic acid, sulplionation of potassium salt ~:tlilit.liothioamide, p*epaviItion of ~ - S a p h t l i y l ethyl oxide, magnetic rota- tory power, &c., of (PERKIK), T., 11.64, 1134, 1160, 1189, 123L, 1241.fi-Kiirphtliy1 ethyl oxide, magnetic rota- tory power, &., of (PHRKIN), T., 1134, 1160, 1190, 1231,1241. K:I plitlijl isocyanate, preynrat,ior. of (.HOFMANN LECTURE), T., 713. 0-1 aphthylamine,. composition of (EIOFJIAKY LECTLTitE), T., 795. (HOFMAXN LECTURE), T., GO3 ; P., 1893, 135. magnetic rotatory power, Bcc., ofINDEX OF SUBJECTS. 1741 Y., 1896, 173. (Perish), T., 106-1, 1107, 1134, a-Knplit liylaminc, action of cjanogen chloride on (IIomra;l-s LECTURE). T., Ij 601. fi-XaplithTiamine, niagnetic rotatory pc+ner, &c., of (PERXIK), T., 1107, '1154, 1155, ll@.l, 1212, 1233, 1245. Y : 1 : ~E'-Na~-'htliylaiiiine~is~il~~l~onic ecirl (ARMSTRONG and \\.TssE), P., 1895, 23s. wid, hydrogen potassium salt (ARx- STROY'C and M'YXue), p., 1895, 2-10.(y - naph,thylaw i 11 e.yu lph o I / ic acid) 1895, 239. ~CTXKE), P., 1895. 2-10. 2 : 1 -Saphtli~lamines dpho ti i c acid, sodium salt (AHMSTKOSC and \VTXNE), P., 1895,238. pa-Xstphtlij laniinopentlii~zoline, y- bromo-, and its picrate (DIBOS), T., 29 ; P., 1895,217. 1155,1160,1"1,1~4~. 4' : 1 : ~'-hTnplithylstmineclisi~lplioiiic 1 : 3-N~plitliylaminesul~lio~i1~ acid (-4RMSTROXG alld LVl-SXE), l'., snlphonation of (-iRJrSTRosii- and ~u,"-~~aplitliylaminopenthiazoli~ie, y- 'lir01110- (DIXOH), T., 28; I?., 1895, 2li. ainide (DORAN), T., 328; Y., 1896,74. ainide (DORAN), T., 369; P., 1896, 74. st-~~phthyldimetli~lainine, magnetic nAatoi*y power, hc., of (PERPIS). T., 1108, 1138, llS6, 1213, 1233, 1245. ~~-ll-ai~lith!.ldimetl~~ lamine, magnetic rotatory power, Be., of (PE~KIx), T., 1 : -l-Faplithylenediamiiie, preparation Xickel chloride, hjdrated, absorption of moisture by (HAKE), P., 1896, 34.ccwiuni sulphate, density and optical beliariour of (TU'ITOS), T., 415. potassium sulpbate, density and optical behavionr of (TUTTON), T., 407. optical beha1 iour of (TETTON), T., 411. Nicotioe, action of cyanogen on ( I ~ o F - Sitrilea, action of sulphuric acid on j.w-Kitriles, preparation of (HOFMASN Xitro-compounds, nature of (HOFMAXN theory of the reduction of ( M u - ab-a-'Naphthylcai~box~eth~lthiocarb- ah-fi-Naphthylcarboxyethjlthiocarb- 1108, 1138, 1156, 1212, 1234, 124.5. 0:' (HOFJfA" LECTVRE), 'f., 647. rubicliuni sdphate, density and NAN?: LECTUSE), T., 650. (HOFKANN LECTURE), T., 696. LECTURE), T., 706. LECTERE), T., 626.D O L ~ ) , T., 13. Xitric oxide, liquid and solid (DER-AR), Y., 1895, 225. Kitlogen, cstirnation of, by tlic absolute method (DL-KSTA-U aiid CARR), P., 1896, 48. o:itt.r skin of thc (PERKIN and HEM- MEL), T., 1295 ; P., 1896, 144. Osazoiies of furfuroids from barley-1742 INDEX OF 3UBJECTS. Orysulphazotic acid. See Sulphur- Ozone, absence of, in oxygen from man. ganese dioxide and potassium chlorate (McLEoD), T., 1015; P., 1806,104. apparatus for demonstrating the properties of (NE.wTH), T., 1298; P., 1806, 139. influence of, on the combustibility of dry carbonic oxide (DIXON), T., '185 ; P., 1806,56. nitrosodisulphonic acid. P. Palmitic acid, action of light on (RICHARDSON and FORTEY), T., 1349. Palmitic chloride, action of lead thio- cyanate on (DIXON), T., 1594.a-Palmityl-v-phenylbenzylthiourea, and &ion of ailrer nitrate on (DIXON), T., 1598 ; P., 1806, 223. a-PHlmityl-b-phenylbenzyluren (DIXON), T., 1598 ; P., 1808,223. h-Prtlmityl- v-phenylmethylthiourea (DIXON), T., 159'1 ; P., 1806,223. ab-Palmi tylphenylthiocarbamide (DIXON), T., 1595; P., 1806, 223. Palmitylphenylurert (DIXON), T., 1696 ; P., 1806, 223. Palmityltl~iocarbamide, action of silver nitrate on (DIXON), T., 1596. Palmitylthiocarbimide (DIXON), T., 1594 ; P., 1896,223. action of aniline, o- and p-toluidine, methylaniline, and benzylaniline on (DIXON), T., 1595-1598. ab-Palmityl-o-tolylthiocarbamide, and action of silrer nitrate on (DIXON), T., 1596 ; P., 1806, 223. ah-Yalmityl-ptolylthiocarbarnide, and action of silrer nitrate on (DIXON), T,, 1597 ; P., 1806,223.ab-Palmityl-o-tolglurea (DIXON), T., 1596; P., 1896,223. ab-Palmityl-p-tolylurea (DIXON), T., 15W ; P., 1806, 223. Paraffin, CmHW, from Charas (WOOD, SPIVEY, and EASTERFIELD), l'., 543 ; P., 1806, 76. Paraniline, discovery of (HOPMANK LECTURE), T., 689. Pentacarbon rings, synthesis of (JAPP and MURRAY), P., 1806,146. Pentacetyltetrabromomorin. preparation of (PERKIN and BABLICH), T., 795 ; P., 1806,186. Pentamethylaniline, nitrile and iso- nitrile obtained from ( HOFIANN LBCTUBE), T., 710. Pentane-ayya- te tmcurboxylic acid (.HEINICE and PERKIN), T., 1509. action of heat on (HBINKE and PER KIN), T . , 1509. ethylic salt (HEINKE and PERKIN), T., 1509. *a-Pentane-ayal-tricarboxylic acid (HEINKE and PBRKIN), T., 1510. Dimethylpropane-ma,-tricarboxy lic acid, action of heat on (PERKIS and QOODWIN), T., 1474.and salts (PERKIN and GOODWIS), T., 1473. etliylic ealt (PERPIN and GOOD- WIN), l'.. 1452 ; P., 1896, 170. fiodio-, ethglic aalt, action of phenoxyethylic bromide on (PBR- KIN), T., 1500; P., 1896,170. d dim ethyl acrylic acid ( PERKIS and GOODWIN), T., 1469; P., 1806,170. ethylic salt (PERPIN and GOOD- WIN), T.', 1410, 1471. action of ethylic sodiomalonate on (PERKIS and GOODWIN), T, 1472 ; P., 1806,170. Penthiazoline, y-bromo-p-amido- (8- bronzotrimeth~Zene-1n-thiourea) and it8 constitution of (DIXON), T., 19, 23, 24; P., 1805, 216. action OE hydrochloric acid on (DIXOK), T., 20; P., 1806,216. nction of nascent hydrogen ON ( DISON), T., 24. nction of picric acid on (DIXOK), T., 21 ; P., 1805,216.action of hydrobromic acid on (DIXON). T., 20 ; P., 1895, 215. y-iodo-p-amido- (8-iodof.rimethyEene- #n-thiottren), piowate of, and action of sill-er nitrate ou (DIXON), T., 26; P., 1895, 216. Pcntose, change of hexose to, derivatives in cereal cellulose (CROSS, BEVAX, and SMITH), T., 1609; P., 1896, 175. Pentoee-monoformal, formation of, from a hexose in plants (CROSS, BEVAX, and SYITH), T., 1610; Y., 1806, 175. Pentoses, action of alkalis on (CROSS, BEVAN, and SXITH), T., 816; P., 1806, 96. origin of, in plants (CROSS, BEVAX, and SMITH), T., 805 ; P., 1896,96. oxidation of, by hydrogen peroxide (CROSS, BEVAN, and SXITB), T., 814 ; I?., 1806, 96. Periodic law, L. Meyer's contributisna PPNTANETRICARBOXYLIC ACIDS :- PENTENOIC ACID :-INDEX OF SUBJECTS. 1743 to the ( BEDSON), T., 1414 ; P., 1896, 119.Periodic system, solubility and diffus- ivity of metals in mercury related to their position in the ( H ~ M - PHREYS), T., 3683 ; P., 1896, 220. " Perkin's green," discovery of ( HOF- MA" LECTURE), T., 618. Yhenanthrene, magnetic rotatory power, &c., of (PERKIN), T., 1088, 1151, 1196, 1242. Phenetoil (phenyl ethyl o d e ) , magnetic rotatory power, kc., of (PEBKIN), T., 1080,1081, 1186,1240. Phenol, isolation of, from coal-tar (HOF- MANN LECTUBE), T., 597. composition of (HOFMANR LECTURE), T., 644. properties of ( HOFMAKN LECTURE), T., 654. magnetic rotatory power, &c., of (PERKIN), T., 1064, 1090, 1181, 3 239. Phenol, 2 : 4 : 6-bromodinitro- (MEL- DOLA, WOOLCOTT, and WRAY), T., 1326 ; P., 1896,163. 4 : 6 : 2-dibromonitro- (MELDOLA, WOOLCOTT, and WRAY), T., 1329.2 : 4 : 6-bromonitramino-, and its acetyl derivative ( MELDOLA, WOOL- COTT, and WRAP), T., 1336; P., 1896, 163. 2 : 4 : 6-frichloro-, preparation of (EOFMANN LECTUBE), T., 641. 2-chloro-4-nitro-, and its benzoyl and acetyl derivatives ( MELDOLA, WOOLCOTT, and WRAP), T., 1328 ; P., 1896,164, 2-chloro-5-nitro-, and i t e tenzoyl derivative ( MELDOLA, WOOLCOTT, and WRAP), T., 1325; P., 1896, 163. 4-chloro-3-nitro-, and its benzoyl and acetjl derivatives ( MELDOLA, WOOLCOTT, and WRAY), T., 1322 ; P., 1896, 163. chlorodinitro-derivaf ives of ( MEL- DOLA, WOOLCOTT, and WRAP), T., 1323. 2-chloro-4 : 6-dinitro- ( MELDOLA, WOOLCOTT, and WRAY), T., 1328. 2 : 4 : 6-chloronitramino- (MELDOLA, WOOLCOTT, and WEAY), T., 1328.o-nitro-, discovery of (HOFYANN 4-nitro-2-amino- (MELDOLA, WOOL- COTT, and WRAY), T., 1328; P., 1896,164. 5-nitro-2-amino- ( MELDOLA, WOOL- COTT, and WRAP), T., 1325; P., 1896,163. LECTURE), T., 698. Phenol, 4-5-dinitro-2-amino- ( HEL- DOLA, WOOLCOTT, and WRAP), T., 1325. 5-nitro-3 : 2-diazoxy- ( MELDOLA, WOOLCOTT, and WRAY), T., 1334; P., 1898, 164. y-Phenoxybutyric acid (y-phenoxyethyl- acetic acid) (BENTLEY. HAWOBTH, and PERKIN), T., 168; P., 1896, 35. action of hydrobromic acid on (BENT- LEY, HAWORTH, and PERHIN), T., 168 ; P., 1896, 36. y-Phenoxybutyric acid. y-Phenoxyethylacetic acid. See Phenoxyethylic bromide, astion of ethylic sodiodimethylpropanetri- carboxylate on (PERKIN), T., 1500 ; P., 1896,170. action of ethylic sodioisopmpylpro- panetricarboxpiate on (PERKIN), T..1504; P., 1896,170. Phenoxpethylic ethylic ether (PERKIN) y-Phenoxyethylmalonic acid (BENTLBP, HAWORTH, and PERKIN), T., 167 ; P., 1896, 35. action of heat, on (BENTLBY, HA- WORTH, and PEREIN), T , 168 ; P., 1896, 35. T., 1501, 1503. y-Phenoxyethyl-a-methylacetic acid. y-Phenoxpethg 1-a-methy lacetowet ic See Phenoxyraleric acid. acid, ethylic salt, and its hydrolysis (BENTLEY, HAWORTH, and PERKIN), T., 173. y-Phenoxjet h y 1-a-metb ylmalonic acid ( BENTLEY, HAWOYTH, and PEB- KIN), T., 171 ; P., 1898, 36. action of heat on (BENTLEY, HA- WORTH, and PERKIN), T., 172 ; P., 1896, 36. ethylic salt (BEXTLET, HAWORTB, and PBBKIN), T., 171; P., 1898, 36. a-Phenoxyisooctane-yyWrimrboxylic acid ( p henoxyethylisop~opylpropane- tricurboxylic acid), and the action of heat on it (PERKIN), T., 1502, 1505.(PERKIN), T., 1505. oxylic acid. See a-Phenoxy Gooctane- yyJ- tricarboxylic acid. methylbutyric acid (y-phenozy- ethyl-a-methylacetic acrd) (BENT- LEY, HAWORTH. and PEBKIN), T, 172,173 ; P., 1896.36. action of mineral acids on (BEXTLET, Phenoxyetliylioopropjlglutaric wid Phenoxpthylisopmpylpropmetricarb- Phenoxyraleric acid : 6-Phenoxy-a-I744 IKDEX O F SUBJECTS. HAWORTH, and PERKIS), T., 173; and the action of silver ]?itrate on I?., 1896, 36. (DIXON), T., 866, 867; P., 1896, Phe‘nyl ally1 oxide, magnetic rotatory 101. Phenjl isobutyl oxicle, magnetic rota- 1 Phenyl ethrl ketone, magneti:: rotatory ’ nb-Plieiiplscetyl-Lp-tolvlurea (DIXOX), power, &c., of (PERKIN), T., 1091, ’ 1093,1201, 1243. l Pli~nyI~llyltl:iocarbainiclc, action of Ylienjl methyl oxide.Bee ailisoil. bromine on (DIXON), T., 832; P., Plienyl octyl oxide, magnetic rotatory power, &c., of (PERICIN), T., 1080, Plienylnzoimicle, magnetic rotator>* 1OS1, 1156, 1240. I power, &c., of (PEBKIX), T., 1O9S, Phenpl propy1 oxide, magnztic rotatory I 1154, 1209, 1232, 12-15. power, Bc , of (PEEKIN), T., 1080, , Phenylbenzylcarboxyethylthiourea 1081, 1186, 1240. (DoR~s), T., 332 ; P., 1896, 75. Pheiiyl iso-proyyl oxide, mrignetic rota- Phenylbutylene (iso-b~~ter~yZbe,zrelte), torr poner, &c., of (PmLIK), T., magnetic rotatory powor, &c., o f 1080, 1081, 1186, 1240. (PERKIS), T., 1143, 1224, 122!), 1246. Phen jlacetamide, from plienacetylthio- Phenylcarbainine, preparation of carbiimide and ammonia (DIXON), (COHEN and AECHDEACOX), T., 92 ; T., 863.( HOFMAXX LECTURE), T., 652. milgnetic rot,atorp power. &c., of Phenylcarbimide (phei)yIic isocyanate), (PERKIN), T., 1114, 1216, 1246. discovery of (HOE i1-n N LEC- Plienylncetic acid (a-tolziic acid), mag- netic. rotatory power and relatirc preparation of (HOFXASX LECTURE), deneitr of (PERKIS), T., 1079, T., ‘710, 714. properties of (IIOFMANN LECTUBE), power, k c . , of (PE~KIN), T., 1064, n8-Plienjlacetyl-p-tolyltliiocar~amidc, 1141,1225, 1247. 1 and the action of silver nitrate 011 tory ponw, k c . , of (PERPIX), T., j Ybenylncetyl-o-tolylurea (DIXON), T., 1080, 1081,1186, 1240. ’ 867 ; P., 1896,101. ( D i x o ~ ) , T., 867 ; P., 1896, 101. T., 868; P,, 1896, 101. 1896, 93. TURE). T., 653.1094, iis5, i m . ’ action of pliosphorue pentacliloride on (DIXON), T., 865. ethylic salt, magnetic rotatory power, &c., of (PERKIS), T., 1077, 1175, 1238. Phenylacetic chloride (DIXON), T., 865; P., 1896,100. magnetic rotatory power, &c., of (PERKIN), T., 1122, 1205, 1244. action of lead thiocyanate on (DTXOK), T., 865; P., 1896, 100. plieiiylacetonitrile (a-tdtzio.lzitrize, henzyylic , cyaizide), Qccurrence of (HOPMANN LECTURE), T., 719. magnetic rotatory pouw, &c., of (PERKIN), T., 1097, 1205, 1244. o~-Phenylacet~l-~-plienylbe~izyl thiourea (QIXOX),, T., 868; Y., 1896,101. ;rb-Plieii y lacety lphenplthiocarbamide, and the action of silver nitrate on (DIXON), T., 866 ; P., 1896, 101. aA-Phenylacetylphenylurca (DIXON), T., 866 ; P., 1896, 101. l?henylacetglthiocart~in~ide, and the action of ammonia, aniline, benzyl- aniline, and 0- and p-toluidine on (DIXON), T., 865-868; P., 1806, 101.Phenylacetylthioctirbimide, action of czb -Phenjlacetyl-o- tolylthiocarbamide, water on (DIXOK), T., 865. .. 5, 654. . Phenrlcarbosyetli~-lsemithiocarbazide (D~RAN), T., 333; P., 1896, 75. ah-P hen ylca rbox y e thy1 thiocarbarnicle (DOEAN), T., 326 ; P., 1896, 74. Phenylcarboxyethgltliiourea, probable non-existence of (DORAN), T., 3-3.1, 334 ; P., 1896, 75. acid, triethylic salt, action of am- monia and of potassium hydroxide on (RUHEMANN and WOLFF), T., 1384; P., 1896,166. Phenpldimetliylaiiiine, preparation of (HOFMANN LECTURE), T., 670. 0- Pb eny lenediaminc, magnetic rotatory power. &c., of (PERXIN), T., 1104, 1109,1131,1214, 1245.hydrochloride, magnetic rotatory power, &c., of (PERPIN), T., 1112, 1132,1223,1246. ~n-Phenyleiiediamine, discovery of (HOFMANN LECTURE), T., 688. magnetic rotatory power, &c., of (PERKIN), T., 1109, 1131, 1156, 1214,1232, 1245. hydrochloride, magnetic rotatory power, &c., of (PELLXIR), T., 1112, 1132,1223,1246. p-Phenylenediamine, preparabion of (HOFMANN LECTURE), T., 689. hydrochloride, magnetic rotatory Phenyldili y drof UP f urantricarboxylicISLES OF -3UBJECTS. (DIXOX), T., 29; P”., 1895, 217. 1745 R~etapliosplioric ;~cirl, rapour density of (TILDEN and BARNETT), T., 158 ; P., 1896, 30. powt~l’s, &c., of ( P E I K l S j , T., 1112, 1132, 128.3, 1246. p-Phcn~lenediriiet~iylili~~iiine, impnrtic rottitory poww, AT., of (PE~KI> j, T., 1109,1215, 1246.Plienylhpdrazinc, magnetic, rotatory power! &c., of (PERKIS), T., 1104, 1209, 1245. 3’licn-j-lic @brometh)*iic etlrer ( BEXT- LEY, HAWORTII, nncl PEL{I~:<), T., 165, 166. chloride, ’isocpno-, discnrerp of (Hommx LE(~T~RE), 1’ , 712. 0 chlorethylic ether (HESTLET, I I A - 1% oxTIr, and PERKIS), T., 165. i v o c ~ mate. See P1ien;vlcarhimide. fi-ct1iorr.i etlij-lie ether (BESTLET, HAW OX TI^, n1;d Y ~ a i ; r s ) , l’., 171. inercaptan (thzol) hetzol) o-amino-, p*e- paratiou of (HGFJUF?; LEC- TURE), T., 712, 713. c~inpound obtained from, by action of CJ sno,rreii (HOFXANX LECTURE), T., 718. sulpliide, magnetic rotntorp power, At’., of (PCRPlT), T., 1064, 1124, 1204,1243. f*-Yhcnyliiietliyianiinopenthiszoline~ y- br.~iiio-, and livdiobromide of P1ieii-j-ltliiocarbimide, action of phos- phorus pentachloride on ( HOF- JIALVX LECTURE), T., 712.action of, on qninol (SNAPE), T., 99 ; F., 1896, 13. action of, on resorcinol (SNAPE), T., 99; P., 1896, 13. Phenjltliiourea (DIXON), T., 857. Phenyltolylaminc, diqcovery of (HOF- YANN LECTTTRE), T., 61 5. Plienyltrietliylammonium liydroxicle, action of lieat, on (HOFMANX LEC- TURE), T., 666. Phenyltriinetliylami~ionium chloride, action of heat on (HOPMAXN LEC- TTTRE), T., 6TO. iodide, action of heat on (HOFMAXN LECTURE), T., ’721. “ Phospliine,” preparation of (HOF- NANN LECTURE), T., 616. Pliospliines. See under Pliosphorus. Yliosphow s gentoxide, vapour density of (‘YILI)ES and BARXETT), T., 154 ; Y., 1896, 30. Pliosplioric acid, estimntion of, in eoils (WOOD), T , 291; p., 1896, 13.‘I., 1064, 1077, ic178, 1175, 1238. Phen? Ipropionitrile, occurrence of (HOFJIANN LECTURE): T., 719. Plienylrosmiline, preparation of (HOF- NISN LECTUBE), T., 615. Plienyltli~cnlloplianic acid, ethylic salt. See’ Phenylcarboupt hylthioures. iso-P!iengltliioalloplianic acid, ethjlic salt, identity of, with plienylcarbosy- etli-, It tiiocarbamide (DORIS), T., 342, 344; I?., 1896,75. Phen? ltliiocarbamic acid, rn-phenplenc salt of (SNAPE), ‘l‘., 101; P., 1896, 13. p-phenjlcnc salt of (%APE), T., 101 ; P., 1896, 13. ~-Pliciiplthiocarbsmic mid, phenylic E d t of (SNIPE), T., 99; P., 1806, 13. Phen~ltJiiocarbamide, action of ethylic cliloi*ocaPbonate on, and its acetyl derivative (DORAN), T., 342. Pheriylthiocarbimide, preparation of (HOFMANN LECTURE), T., 710.action of benzoic chloride on (HOF- NANN LECTURE), T., ’712. action of, 0x1 glycol (SXAPE), T., 100; P., 1896, 13. action of, on phenol (SNAPE), T., 38 ; P., 1896, 12. ’ Pliospliines, primary and secondary, preparation of (HOFMANN LEC- TURE), T., 681, 682. Phthalic acid, ethylic salt, magnetic ro- tntory power, &c., of (PERKIN), T., 1064, 1132,11’77,1238. Phthalic chloride, magnetic rotatory power, &c., of (PPERKILV), T., 1205, 1244. Phthnlic acid, ethylic salt, imgiietic rotatory power, &c., of (l’exms), T., 1132, 1177,123s. Physiological action of nmidosulphonic acid (LoEw), T., 1662; P., 1896, 182. of cinnamic acid (HOPMAYN Lxc- TURE), T., 698. Picric acid, preparation of (IIOFXANN LECTURE), T., 641. absorption of, by silk (WALKER and APPLEPARD), T., 1339, 1343; P., Picric chloride, action of mercuric and lead thiocyanates on (DIXOW), T., 868 ; P., 1896, 101.Picrylthiocarbimide, attempted prepara- tion of (DIXON), T., 868; P., 1896, 101. 1896, 147.1746 INDEX OF SUBJECTS. Pinene, constitution of (ARMSTRONG), T., 1399 ; P., 1896, 4.4 ; (TELDEX), l'., 1009; P., 1896, 137. relation of, to citrene (ARMSTBONG), P., 1896, 44. capacity of, for bromine (TILDEN), T., 1009 ; Y., 1896,137. Pinene dibromide, from the tetmbro- mide (TILDEN and NICHOLLS), P., 1896, 138. hydrochloride, activity of (ARM- STBONQ), T., 1398. behariour of, towards nitric acid (ARXSTRONO), T., 1401. Pinole, constitution of (TILDEN), T., Pinonic acid, constitution of (TILDEN), T., 1014. Piper ovatum, preparation of piperova- tine, the active principle of (DUN- STAN and CARR), k'., 1896, 177.Piperazine, composition of (HOFMANN LECTURE), T., 688. Piperidine, constitution of (HOFMANN thiocyanate (DIXON), T., 860. T., 332; P., 1896, 75. oxide, action of heat on (HOWMANIT LECTURE), T., 723. p-Piperidylpenthiazoline, y-bromo- (DIXON), Y., 30 ; P., 1895, 217. Piperovatine, preparation of (DIJNSTAN and CARR), P., 1896,177. Plants, colouring matters of Tarious British (PERKIN and HITMMEL), T., 1566 ; P., 1896,185. Platinum, effect of carbon on the melt- ing point of (HA~TLEY), T., 846; P., 1886, 98. influence of, in promoting the com- bination of carbonic oxide and oxygen (DIXON), T., 788 ; P., 1896, 56. Chlorplatinic acid, hydrated, absorp- tion of moisture by (HAKE), I?., 1896, 34.Platinocyanides, phosphorescence of the ealts of (JACKSON), P., 1896, 58. Potash manure, increase of crop by, in comparison with the available potasli in soils (WOOD), T., 289 ; Y., 1896, 13. Potassium amalpam. reduction by means of (HOPMANX LECTURE), T., 649. cblorate, liberation of chlorine on heating manganese dioxide with (McLEoD), T , 1015; P., 1896, 141. 1014. LECTURE), T., 723. Piperidglcarboxyethylthidurea( OORAN), Piperidyldimethjlammonium hydr- Potassinm barium imidosuIphonates (DIVERS and HAQA), T., 1622. mercury irnidosulphonate ( DIVESS and HAQA), T., 1629. nitrite, reduction of (DIVERS and HAGA), T., 1612 ; P., 1896,179. nitrososulphate, preparation and re- duction of (DIVERS and HAQA), T., 1611 ; P., 1896,179. sulphate, constitution of double salts containing ( I'UTTOX), T., 519 ; P., 1896, 71.cobalt sulphate, density and o p t i d behaviour of (TUTTON), T., 419. copper sulphate, density and optical behaviour of (TurToN), T., 431. ferrous sulphate, density and optical behaviour of (TUTTON), T., 387. magnesium sulphate, density of optical behariour of (TUTTON), T., nickel sulphnte, densitv and optical behaviour of (TuTTo;), T., 407. zinc eulphate, density and optical behaviour of' (TUTTON), T., 374. platinocyaiiide, phosphorescence of (JACKSON), P., 1896,59. tungstitartrate (HENDERSON and BARR), T., 1456; P., 1896,169. estimation of available, in soils (WOOD), T., 287 ; P., 1896,13. Presidential add-ress (HARCOURT), T., 563 ; P., 1896,SO. Propiork acid, magnetic rotatory power and relative density of (PERKIN), T., 1063, 1172,1236.Propionic acid, Lead tetrapropionate (HUTCHINSON and POLLARD), T., 224; P., 1896, 31. power, &c., of (PERKIN), T., 1075, 1076, 1078,1179,1238. Propionic acid, a-bromo-, ethylic salt, action of acetone on (PEBKTN and TEORPE), T., 1482. dextrochloro-, ethylic salt, rotatory power of (PURDIE and WILLIAM- SON), T., 829; P., 1896, 97. @-iodo-, ethylic ertlt, actmion of ethylic sodioacetoacetate on (BENTLET and PERKIN), T., 1511. action of ethylic sodioisopropyl- malonate 011 (HEINKE and PEBKIN), T., 1506; P., 1898, 155. Propionic chloride, action of lead thio- cyanate on (DIXON), T., 856; P., 1896, 100. (TUTTON), T., 355. 356. phenylic salt, magnetic rotatory a-Propionyl- v-plienylbenzylthiourea, and the action of alkalis arid s i h rINDEX OF SUBJECTS.1747 nitrate on (DIXON), T., 859, 860 ; Y., 1898, 101. action of silver nitrate on (DIXON), (DIXON), T., 856 ; P., 1898, 100. action of csustic potash on ( DIXON), T., 857. action of silver nitmte on (DIXON), T., 857 ; P., 1898,100. a-Propion yl-B-phenylthiosemicarbazide (DIXON), T., 860 ; P., 1896, 101. Propionylphenylurea (D~xos), T., 557. Propionylthiocarbimide (DIXOX), T., 836; P., 1896, 100. action of amnionia, aniline, methyl- aniline, piperidine, and 0-, m-, and p-toluidines on ( DIXON), T., 856- 862. (DIXON), T., 862. T., 862. T., 860; P., 1898,101. a-Propiongl- v-phenylbenzyl thiourea, d- Pro pioriylph eny Ithiocarbam ide T., 859 ; P., 1898, 100. action of aldehyde-ammonia on action of benzylic alcohol on (DIXON), action of phenj lhrdrazine on ( DIXON), (DIXON), T., 858 ; P., 1896, 100.action of caustic potash on (Drxox), T., 858. (DIXON), T., 858; P., 1896, 100. action of alkali and of silver nitrate on (DIXON), T., 858. ah-Propionyl-p-tolylthiocaybamide, and nction of alkali and of silver nitrate on (DIXON), T., 859 ; P., 1896,100. $6-Propoxypenthiazoline, y-bromo- (DIXON), T., 33; P., 1895,217. Propylamine, B-bromo-, action of methyl- and allyl-thiocRrbiniides on (DIXON), T., 24; Y., 1895,216. fropylenediumine, discovery of (HOF- MANN LECTURE), T., 687. iso-Propylethanetricarboxylic acid, ethylic salt, nnii, and anilic acid ol ( BENTLEY, PEEKIN, and THORPE), T., 213. iso-Propylfuran-a-naplithaquinone, pre- paration of (HOOKER), T., 1350, 1372. iso-Propylfuran-B-napl~tl~aquinone, pre- paration of (HOOKER), T., 1369, 1376.azine obtained from, by the action of o-tolylenediamine (HOOKER), T., 1378. 180 .Propy lglutaranilic acid ( PBRKIN), T., 1497; P., 1898, 170; (HEINKE and PEBLIN), T., 1508. nb-Propionyl-o-tolylthiocarbamide ob-Propiony I-m-tolylthiorarbamide iso-Propylglutaric acid (HEINPB and PERKIN), T., 1507; P., 1896, 155. and it,s salts (PRBKIN), T., 1495; P, 1898,154, 170. action of acetic anhFdride on (PER- oxidation of (PKBKIN), T., 1497. ethylic salt (PERKIN), T., 1496. KIN), T., 1496. iso-Propylglutaric anhydride (PERKIN), T., 1496 ; P., 1896,170 ; (HEINKE and PERKIN), T., 150R. action of aniline on (PERKIN), T., 1497. Propplic alcohol, action of light on (RICHARDSON and FORTEY), T., 1351; P., 1898, 164. bromide, inagnetic rotatory power and relative density of (PERKIN), T., 1063.1173. 1237. iso-Propylic alcohol, action of light on (RICHARDSON and FORTEY), T., 1352; P., 1896, 164. iso-Propjlmalonic acid, alkylic salts of, action of sodium ethoxide and ethylenic bromide on (BENTLEY, HAWORTH, and PERKIN), T., 162. sodio-, ethylic ealt, action of ethylic j3-iodopropionate on (HEINKE and PERKIN), T., 1506; P., 1896, 155. Propjl-+nifrole. See Propane, p-nitro- Propylthiocarbimide, j3y-dibromo- p-nitroso-. (DIXON), T., 17; P., 1895, 215. action of alcoholic ammonia on (DIXOS), T., 18, 22; P., 1895, 215, 216. action of aniline on (DIXON), T., 17. action of organic bases on (Drxo~), T., 26 ; P., 1895, 216. action of methylic, ethylic, and propyvlic alcohols on (Drxo~), T., 31-33 ; P., 1895, 217.action of methylamine on (DIXON), T., 83% ; P., 1898, 100. action of silver chloride on (DIXON), Propylthiourea, dibromo- (DIXON), T., Purpuroxanthin, acid compound of (PERKIN), T., 1441; P., 1896, 167. 5-Pg~zolone-3.carboxylic acid (RUHE- MANN), T., 1396. ethylic salt (RUHEMANX), T., 1394 ; Y., 1898, 166. Pyridine, constitution of (HOFMANX LECTURE), T., 723. magnetic rotatory power, &c., of (PERKIN), T., 1115, 1214,1245. fr., 20 ; P., 1895,215. 18, 23; P., 1895, 215.1748 ISDES G F Pyridine, dlbromo-, prepration of Pyrogallol, magnetic rotatory power, (HOFJIATS LECTLXLE), T., 723. &c., of (PE12KIZT), T., 1127, 1185, 1240. Pyrotartarir mhydride, magnetic rota- tory power and relative density of (PERKIN), T., 1063,1173, 1237. Vyrroline, i,;olation of, from coal-tar P p i v i c acid, ethylic salt, action of ethTlic P-broniisoralerate on (PER- KIX and THORPB), Y., 1898, 156.(H0FJfAh.X LECTURE), T., 5%'. Q* Quer6racho colorado, the colouring matter and other constituents of (PERKIN and GUNNELL), T., 1303; P., 1896, 158. Quercetin, colouring matter of Cra- tagus oxyncniatha ( P E R K X and HUMMEL), T., 1570; P., 1896, 186. existence of, in Cheiranthus rheiri (PERKIN and HUMXEL), T., 1568; P., 1896, 185. occurrence of, in outer skins of the bulb of the onion (PERKIX and HUMNEL), T., 1295; I?., 1896, constitution of acid compoiinds of (PERKIX), T., 1444; P., 1896, 167. Quercetin hydrochloride, analysis of (PEEKIN), T., 1442; P., 1896, 167. monometh~-l ether (i~or7~~~.?itiieti/,), ex- stence of, ill Cheiranthzrs cheiri, and its acetjl derivatives (PERKIN and HUXMEL), T., 1569 ; P., 1896, 186.tetramethyl ether, acid compound of (PERKIN), T., 1443; P., 1896, 167. Quercetin, dibromo-, n on -for ni at ion of acid componiids of (PERKIS), T., 1443; P., 1896, 167. Quercetin-group of: natural yellow rolouring matters (PERKIX), Y'., 1441 ; P , 1896, 167. means of distinguishing members of, of natnral yellow dye-etuffs (PEL EIN), T., 1445; P., 1896, 168. Quinine, attempts to sgnthesise (HOF- MANN LECTURE), T., 603; P., 1893, 138. Quinol, ditliio-, preparation of (SNAPE), T., 100. 1441. Quinoline, isolation of, from coal-tar magnetic rotatory power, &., of (PERKIN), T., 1115, 1117, 1214, 1245. action of cpnogen on (IIOFMASS LECTURE), T., 650. Quinoline-red, prepar:itaion of (iroc- Quinoline-blue, coml)ositicn of ( HOF- Quinone, preparation of (Ilosxixx (H0FJfAN.N LECTURE), T., 597.MANX LECTVRE), T., 627. . NANN LECTTTRE). T., 610. LRCTL-RE), T., '700. R. Resedcc lziteoln, luteolin, the colouring matter of (P~itii~s), T., 206; P., 1896, 37. Resorciuol, magnetic. rotatory power, &c., of ( P E I ~ ~ I A ) , T., 1034, 1127, 1130,1239. condensation of. n it11 c h l o r ~ ~ l (HEWITT and POPE), T., 1265 ; 1896, 150. condensation of, \\ i t 11 cl1lor:il hydrate (HEWITT and POPE), T., 1268; I)., 1896,150. ditliio-, preparation of (SFAPE), T.. 100. Rhamnazin, acid coinl-ound of (E'ER- iso- R1i aiiinc t iii , t 11 c J e I low col our i n g mattel. 111 C%ei~aiit!~us d e k L (Pi:nrtm a n d ~I~'JINEL), T., 15G9 ; P., 1896, 186. R727t.s coriaria, tlic colouring mntter of (PERKIN and ALLES), T., 1299; P., 1896,157.Rosaniline, discox-ery of (I~OP~L.ZNN constitution of (HOPXAFX LCCTL-EE), action of alkyl iodides oil ( I T o ~ v . ~ s s Royal College of Cheinistr~, lri*tory of (HOFMAKK LCCTVRC), T., 5SO. Rubiclium eulp?iate, constitutio.1 of double salts containing ( T u r r o ~ ) . T., 519 ; P., 1&96, 71. caclminm sulpliat~, density and opti- cal behaviour of (l't-TTOX), T., 4&5. cobalt sulphate, density and optical behaviour of (TI-TTOS), T., 424. copper sulpliate, density and opticnl behaviour of ( T ~ T T o N ) , T., 437. ferrous ealpliate, density and optical beliaviour of' (TUTTOS), T., 391. magnesium a~ilpllatc, density and optical bchc:zl-ionr of (TTTTOS), T.. 362. KIIC), T., 1441; P., 1896, 167.IIECTURE), T., 609 ; P., 1893, 13s. T., 613, 659. LECTURE), T.. 616.INDEX OF SUBJECTS. 1749 Eubidiutn nianganons sulphate, density and optical behsriour of (TUTTOS), nickel sniphate, density and optical behriour of (TTTTOW), Y., 411. zinc sdphate, (lensit? and optical behui ioqi* of (Trrros), T., 379. T., 390. S. Safraninc, discovery of (IJonrmx L E c - iso-Safrole, synthesis of (MELDOLA, Sitlicylnldehyde, magnetic rotatory TERE), T., 625. WOOZCOTT, iind MrRbT), T., 1321. pomer, CFrc., of (PERKIS), T., 1126, 1200, 121.3. Snlicylamirle, prepnralioii of anilinc from (HOFXANX LECTTRE), T., 647. Sa'!icylic wid, absorption by silk of di- lute (WA LT;CR n nd -5 PPLEYARD), T., 1346: P., 1896, 147. etlijlic m l ~ , rotatory power. &c., of (PWXKIS), T., 1126, 1127, 1176, 123s.molcc1~la:. 1-olnine of, in organic tO1\-<>1lt+ (XTICOL), T., 143 ; P., 1895, '73'. methyli~- sal:, mngnctic rotatory poncr*, S-c., oE the (PERKIN), T., 1126, 1127,1176, 1238. Santalenic arid (C€1A13IAN and Bun- GESS), ?., 1896, 14.0. Santnlal, oxidation of (CRAPNAN and EGRGESS), P., 1896, 140. B esquitcfpen e, C,,H,, , froin C1: m a s (Woon, SPITEY, and EASTERFIELD), T., 519 ; Y., 1896, '76. Silk, abGorption of eilute acids by ( WSLTiER and APPLEYARD), T., 1334 ; P., 1896, 147. Silvcr, diffusion of, in mercury (ROBERTS-BUSTEN), P., 1896, 219. solubility and rate of diffusion of, in mercury ( H n ~ \ l r I * ~ E r s ) , T., 247; P., 1896, 9. Silver'al!o>s n i t h gold, solubility of, in potassinin cyanide solutions (MAC- LATRIR), T., 12i6 ; P., 1896, 149.Silvcr nmidosulphonatc (DIVERS and HAGA), T., 1647 ; P., 1896, 181. sodiutn i~nidosulphonates (DIVERS and HAGA), T., 1626. clonble sulpliide of gold and (MAC- LACL'KIN), T., 1271 ; P., 1898.149. $obrerol, constitution of (TILDEN), T., 1014. Sodium amidosulphonate, preparation of, frcm sodium nitrite (DIVERS and MAG-\), T., 1646. SocIium mnidosulphonnt~, electrolgtic conductivity 'of (SAPPR-\I), T., 1657; P., 1896, 181. irnidosulphonates (DITERS nncl HAGA), T., 1621; P., 1896, 179. barium i:niclosuiphona?es (DIVERS and HAGA), T., 1622. calcinm imiclosulplio~iate (DIVERS nncl HAGA), T., 1626 ; P,, 1896.179. mercury iniicios u I 13 h onat e3 ( D I VER s and HAGA),T.. 1629; P., 1896,179. silver imidosulphonate (DIT-ERS and HAGA), T.. 1626.strontium imido~ulplionate (DIVERS and 1 T - 4 ~ I), T., 1625; P., 1896,179. sulphate, viscosity of aqueous solu- tions of (D'ARcY), T., 999; Y., 1896,104. condition of, in solution (D'ARcY), T., 993 ; P., 1896,104. double salt of ainidosulphonic ncitl and (DIT-ERS and HAGA), T., 1646. Sodium n 1 1 t iinoniornucate (HESDERSOX and BARR), T., 1453; P.,1896,168. moly b d I t 'irtrat e and CARR), T., 1455; P., 1896, 169. tungstil:irtrate (HEXDERSOX and B-~RR), T., 1436: ; P., 1896, 169. Soil:, analpis of diflerent (WOOD), T., 2S9; P., 1896, 13. estimation of available potash and phosphoric acid in, T., 287; P., 1896, 13. Solubility of metals and alloys in mey- cnry (HUIIPHRETS), T., 1679 ; P., 1896, 220. of silver and copper in iiiercurp (HT-XPHREYS), T., 247; P., 1896, 9.Solution, cl~namicsl condition of mole- cules in (FITZGERALD), T., 90'2. Solution theory of dyeing (WALKER and APPLEY~RD), T.; 1348; P., 1896, 147. Solutions, changes of volume during the formation af dilute (JOXE~), P., 1895, 179. condition of socliuiii snlpliate in aqueous (D'ARcY), T., 993; P., 1896, 104. of organic substances, magnetic rota- tory power of (PELIKIS), T., 1052; P., 1896, 122. Sorbic acid, discowry of ( I I o ~ x a ~ s LECTL-RE), T., 69s. Starch, reducing p o w r of, 011 aimno- niacal silver nitrate (HEKDERSON), T., 151 ; P., 1896,9. Stearamicle (DIYON), T., 1609. Steuric acid, action of light on (RICH- (HE ND ER SO N ARDSON FORTEY), T., 1349.I150 INDEX OF SUBJECTS. &emic chloride, action oE lead thio- cyanate on (DIXON), T., 1399.Stearylbenzidide (DIXON), T., 1602, 1603. ab-Stearyl-a-naphthylthiocarbamide, and the action of silver nitrate on (DIXON), T., 1601 ; P., 1896, 223. Stearyl-a-naphtliyluree (DIXOY), T., 1601 ; P., 1896, 223. o~-Stear~1-~-phei~yIbenzylthiourea, and action of silver nitrate on (DIXON), T., 1602 ; Y., 1896, 223. a-Stearyl-b-phenylbenzylurea (DIXON), T., 1602 ; P., 1896, 223. Y tearylthiocarbimide (DIXOX), T., 1599. action of aniuionia, benzylamine, benzylaniline, a-naphthylamine, phenylhydi-azine, piperidine, o-toln- idine, and m-xylidine on (DIXON), T., 1601,1602. ab-Stearyl-o-tolylthiocarbamide, and the action of silver nitrate on (DIXON), T., 1600; P., 1896, 223. Stearyl-o-tolylurea (DIXON), T., 1600 ; P., 1896, 223. ah-Stearyl-m-xylylthiocarbamide, and the action of silver nitrate on (DIXON), T., 1600 ; P., 1896, 233.ah-Stearyl-m-xplplurea (DIXON), T., 1601 ; P., 1806, 223. Stilbene (diphegyletirylene), magnetic rotatory power, &c., of (PERKIN), T., 1150,1225,1246. Straw, carbohydrates of barlcy- (CROSS, BETAN, and SXITH), T., 1604, P., 1896,174. Straws, existence of xvlose-formrtl in the cellulose of cereal: (CROSS, BEVAN, and SMITH), T., 815 ; Y., 1896, 96. dtrontium, imidosulphonates (DrrEas and HAOA), T., 1622; P., 1896,179. Strychnine, sulphur compound of (HOF- estimation of nitrogen in, by the absolute method (DUNSTAN and CARR), P., 1896, 48. Stjrene (ciwnameiae), magnetic rotatorv power, &c., of (PERKIN), T., 1143, 1149,1224,1246. Styryl methyl ketone (bemglideneacet- one), magnetic rotatory power, &c., of (PEBKIN), T., 1245, 1229,1247.Subs tan ce, C4 H8N,SBr2, from the action oE bromine on allylthiourea (.DIxoN), T., 19; P., 1896, 215. action of caustic alkali on (DIXON), T., 19. C4H8N,Ylz, from allylthiourea and iodine (DIXON), T., 25; P., 1896, 216. action of caustic potash on (DIXOS), T., 26 ; P., 1895, 216. MANN LECTUBE), T., 719. Hubstmce, C4H8N2SIS, action of silver chloride on (DISON), T., 25. C4HsNISClI, from C,H,N2S12 and silver chloride (DIXON), T., 25. C;H8N,, from formaldehyde and ex- cess of phenylhydrazine ( W 7 ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ) , T., 1282. action of sodium ethoxide and sodium on (WAZKER), T., 1283. action of excess of formaldehyde on (WALKER), T., 1284. C8H1009, from dihydroxrmaleic acid and hydrogen bromide in presence of acetic acid (FENTON), T., 559.C,0HldN06, from tram-wcamphanic acid (KIprm@), T., 961. C1,1-f?,0,, from diacekylacetone, oxime, converrion of, into dihydr- oxyacetyldimetbylnaphthalene, and behaviour of, toward8 ammonia (COLLIE and WILSMORE), T., 300 ; P., 1896, 47. CI4HI6N4, ?om methenehydrazone and ethylic acetate (WALKER), T., 1286,1287. Cl5HI6N,, preparation of two isomeric forms of, from formalciehyde and phenylhjdrazine (WALKER), T., 1280, 1281. Cl6HISN40, from C7H,N2 and form- aldehyde (WALKhR), 'l'., 1284. C18H1203, from a-Iiydrindone and bromine (REYIS and XIPYINQ), P., 1896,214. CI8Hl3BrO2, from monobromohpdrin- done (REVIS and KIPPINQ), P., 1896, 214. CI9Hl2N2O3, from o-chlorobenzene- azosalicylic acid (HEWITT and STEVENSON), T, 1261; P., 1896, 149. CWHM02, from ar-dibromocamphor ( REVIS and KIPPINO), P., 1896,77.C23Hn4N40, from acetoplienonehydr- 8ZOIie and formaldehyde (WALKER), T., 1286. C25Hl;N30?, from o-chlorobenzene- azosalicylic acid (HEWITT and STEVENSON), T., 1260 ; P., 1896, 149. C,;H,,N,, from benzylidenehydrazoiie and formaldehjde (WALKER), T., 1285. C2sH220, from substance C,Hz202 on reduction (JAPP and LANDER), T., 7M. C,,EI,O, from anhydracetoneditenzil on reduction (JAPP and LANDER), T., 745. ethylic anhvdrodibenxilacetoacetate ( ~ A P P and LANDER), T., 744. Crs€€aOf, from the reduction ofINDEX OF SUBJECTS. 17 51 of ethylic anhydrodiliCtnzilacetoace- tate (JAPP and LANDLX), T., 744; Y., 1895, 146. matter of (PERKIN and ALLEN), T., 1299; P., 1896, 157. Systematic chemistry, L. Mejer’s Sulphur :- Amidosulphonic acid, preparation of (DIVERS and HAGA), T., 163’7; P., 1896, 180.formation of, by reduction of ni- trososulphates (DIVERS and HAGA), T., 1615; P., 1896, 179. electrolytic conductivity of (SA- KUBAI), T., 1656; P., 1896, 181. and its Palts, effect of heat on (DIVERS and HAGA), T., 1650 ; P., 1896, 181. action’ of, on plants and aninials (LoEw), L., 1662; P., 1896, 182. Imidosulplionic acid, salts of (DIVERS and HAGA), T., 1620; P., 1896, 179. Nitrososulphuric acid, reduction by wogium of the salts of (DIVERS and HAGA), T., 1610; P., 1896, 179. Sulphurous anhydride (sulphur di- oxide), oxidation of, in presence of water (DIXON), ‘T., 779. Sulphuric acid, absorption of mois- ture by (HAKE), P., 1896,34. absorption by silk of dilut 3 (WALKER and APPLEYARD), T., 1346; P., 1896,147.use of, in nitration (HOFYANN LECTUXE), T., 695. VOL. LXlX. camphene (MARSH and GARDNER), ethylic salt, magnetic rotatory power, &c., of (PERKIN), T., .1132, 1178, Terpene, C10H16, from Cliaras (WOOD, SPIVEY, and EASTERFIELD), T , 541 ; P., 1896, 76. Tetraberizoylfisetin (PEBKIN and GUN. NELL), T., 1305; P., 1896, 158. Tetrabenzoylluteolin (PERKIN), T., 210 ; P., 1896, 37. Tetracetylaconine, preparation and hydrolysis of (DUNSTAN and CAER), P., 1895, 1’78. Tetracetyldibromoluteolin (PERKIN), T., 210; P., 1896, 37. ‘retracetylfi.setin (PERKIN and GUN- Tetracetyllateoliu (PERKIN), T., 210 ; P., 1896, 37. ar-Tetrahydro-a-naplit~~laruine, mag- netic rotatory power, &c., of (PERKIN), T., 1104, 1106, 1213, 1245. ac-Tetrahydro-p-naphtliyiamine, mag- netic rotatory power, &c., of (PEPKIN), T., 1104, 1106, 1213, 1245.T., 84; P., 1895, 206. 1238. HELL), T., 1305; P., 1896, 158. Tetrahydroquinoline, magnetic rotatory power, &c., of (PERKIN), T., 1117, 1214,1245. 2 : 4 : 2’ : 4‘-Tetrahydroxydjphenyl- acetic acid (HEWITT and POPE), T., 1268,1269; P., 1896,151. lactone of, and its triacetyl deriva- 6 s1752 INDEX OF SUBJECTS. tive (HEWITT and POPE), T., 1267, 1269 ; P., 1896, 151. action of heat on (HOFMANN LEC- TURE), T., 666. iodide, preparation of (HOFFMAN LECTURE), T., 666. Tetrametliylaniline, nitrile and iso- nitrile obtained from (HOFMANN LECTURE), T., 710. Tetramines, discovery of (HOFMANN LECTURE), T., 687. Tetramylammoninm hydroxide, action of heat on (HOFMANN LECTURE), T., 666. iodide ( HOFYANN LECTURE), T., 666.Tetraphenylmelamine, preparation of (HOFMANN LECTURE), T., 716. Tetrethylammonium hydroxide, dis- covery of (HOFMANN LECTURE), T., 665. action of heat on (HOFMANN LEC- TURE), T., 666. action of ethylic iodide on (HOF- MANN LECTURE), T., 666. iodide, discovery of (HOFMANN LEC- TURE), T., 664. Tetrethylphosphonium hydroxide, pre- paration of (HOFMANN LECTURE), T., 672. iodide, discovery of ( ROFMANN LEC- preparation of (HOFMANN LEC- Thallium, solution and diffusion of, in mercury (HUMPHREYS), T., 1681 ; P., 1896, 220. Theobromine periodides, preparation and properties of (SHAW), T., 102 ; P., 1895, 177. Thiocarbanil, magnetic rotatory power, &c., of (PERKIN), T., 1121, 1204, 1244. Thiocarbamides, symmetrical disubsti- tuted, action of alkali on (DIXON), T., 857 ; P., 1896, 100. Thiocarbimides, ethereal, synthesis of (HOFMANN LECTURE), T., 711.Thiophen, magnetic rotatory power, &c., of (PERKIN), T., 1117, 1204, 1244. Thiosemicarbazides and thiocarbazides, suggestions as to the nomenclature of (DIXON), T., 861. bromo-” (DIXON), T., 21. Tetramethylammonium hydroxide, TURE), T., 602. TURE, T., 6’72. ‘‘ Thiosinnammoniumoxydhydrat, Thymol, magnetic rotatory power, &c., of (PERKIN), T., 1064, 1132,1183, 1239. cryatdline form of (POPE), P., 1896, 142, Tin, rate of diffusion of, in mercury (HUMPHBEYS), T., 251; P., 1896, 9. Tin-alloyT-s, solution and diffusion of, in mercury (HUMPRREYS), T., 1682 ; I?., 1896, 220. with lead, solution and diffusion of, in mercury (HUMPHBEYS), l’., 1681 ; P., 1896, 220.Tissue, formation of, in plants (CROSS, BEVAN, and SMITR), T., 1605; P., 1896, 174. Tolane. See Diphenylacetylene. Toluene, discovery of, in coal-tar (SOF- separation of, from coal-tar naphtha (HOFMANN LECTURE), T., 598. magnetic rotatory power, &c., of (PERKIN), T., 1064, 1082-1085, 1125,1191,1241. Toluene, 0- and p-bromo-, magnetic rotatory power, &c., of (PERKIN), T., 1064, 1131, 1203, 1243. 0- and p-chloro-, magnetic rotator3 power, &c., of (PERKIN), T., 1131, 1203, 1243. 0- and p-nitro-, magnetic rotatory powers, &,of (PERKIN), T., 1095, 1131,1162,1181,1239. o-Toluic acid, ethylic salts, magnetic rotatory power of (PERKIN), T., 1096, 1097, 1130, 1177, 1238. p-Toluic acid, ethylic ealt, magnetic rotatory power of (PERKIN), T., 1096,1097, 1130, 11’77,1238.o-Toluidine, refraction equivalents of, a t different temperatures (PER- KIN), T., 4 ; P., 1895, 199. magnetic rotatory power of (PEBKIN), T., 1104, 1131, 1155, 1159, 1210, 1245. m-Toluidine, magnetic rotatory powers, &c., of (PERKIN), T., 1131, 1210, 1245. p-Toluidine, discovery of (HOFMANN LECTURE), T., 646. preparation of (HOFMANN LECTUBE) , T., 597. refraction equivalents of, a t different temperatures (PERKIN), T., 4 ; P., 1895, 199. magnetic rotatory power of (PER- KIN), T., 1131, 1155, 1159, 1209, 1245. action of cyanogen on (HOFMANN LECTURE), T., 590, 649. colouring matter obtained by oxida- tion of (HOFMAKN LECTURE), T., 605. o-Toluonitrile, magnetic rotatory powers, &c., of (PERPIN), T., 1096, 1137, 1206, 1244. MANN LECTURE), T., 693.INDEX OF SUBJECTS.1753 p-Toluonitrile, preparation of (HOF- magnetic rotatory power of (PERKIN), o-Tolylallylthiocarbnmide, action of bromine on (DIXON), T., 852; P., 1896.93. u-o-Tolylaminopenthiazoliae, y-bromo- (DIXON), T., 28; P., 1895, 216. u-p-Tolylaminopenthiazoline, y-bromo- (DIXOX), T., 27 ; P., 1895, 216. Tolylcarbimide, preparation of (HOF- MANN LECTURE), T., 715. ah-o-Tolylcarboxyethy lthiocar bamide (D~$AN), T., 327; P., 1896, 74. ab-p- lolylcarboxyethglthiocarbamide (DORAN), T., 328; P., 1896, 74. Tolylenediamine, discovery of (HOF- MANN LECTURE), T., 688. o-'l'olylic methylic ether, magnetic rotatory power of (PERKIN), T., 1127, 1128, 1130, 1159, llw, 1240. m-Tolylic methylic ether, magnetic rotatory power of (PERPIN), T., 1127, 1128, 1130, 1159, 1187, 1240.p - Tolylic allylic ether, magnetic rota- tory power, &c., of (PERPIN), T., 1141, 1226, 124'7. metliylic ether, magnetic rotatory powers, &c., of (PERKIN), T., 1127, 1128,1130, 1159,1187, 1240. o-Toljlthiourea (DIXON), T., 858. Triacetoxjhydroxydiphenjlacetic acid (HEWITT and POPE), T., 1267; P., 1896,151. Triethylamine, discovery of (HOFMANN action of ethylic bromide on (HOP- action of ethylic iodide on (HOFMANN MA" LECTURE), T., 705. l'., 1096, 1137, 1206, 1244. LECTURE), T., 661. MANN LECTURE), T., 663. LECTURE), T., 664. Triethylaniylammonium hydroxide, action of heat on (HOFMANN LEC- TURE), T., 666. Triethglchrysaniline, discovery of ( HOF- MANN LECTURE), T., 622. Triethyldiethylenetriainine, discovery of (HOFMANN LECTURE), T., 687.Triethylenediamine (HOFMANN LEG- TURE), l'., 684. Triethylenetriamine, discovery of, and its salts (HOFMANN LECTURE), T., 686. Triethylmelamine, preparation of (HOP- MANN LKCTURE), T., 716. Triethylphosphine, preparation of (.HOPMANN LECTURE), T., 602, 671. action of carbon tetrachloride on (HOFMANN LECTURE), T., 680. action of ethylic chloracetate on (HOFNANN LECTURE), T., 681. Triethylphosphine, action of ethylenic dibromide on (HOFMANN h c - TURE), T., 6'78. action of iodoform on (HOFYANN LECTURE), T., 680. action of sulphur compounds on (HOPMANN LECTURE), T., 674. compound of, with carbon bisulphide, and its derivatives (HOPMANN LEC- TURE), T., 675. compound of, with phenylthiocarb- imide, and its derivatives (HOP- Triethylphosphine oxide, preparation of (KOFMANN LECTURE), T., 672.compound of, with platinic chloride (HOFMANN LECTURE), T., 674. compouud of, with zinc iodide (HOFNANN LECTURE), T., 6741. oxychloride, preparation of (HOF- sulphide, preparation of (HOFMANN Triethylrosaniline, compound of, wlitli ethylic iodide (HOFMANN LECTURE), T., 617. Triethyltriethylenetrianiine, discovery of ( HOFMANN LECTURE), T., 687. Triethylviiiylphosphoniuni hydroxide, preparation of ( HOFMANN LECTURE), T., 678. Trihydroxylamine, hydriodidc of, and the action of heat on (DUNSTAN and GOCLDINQ), T., 840; P., 1896, 73. Trimellitic acid Pron: methj lpurpuro- xanthin (SCRUNCK and MARCH- LEWSKI), T., 7 0 ; P., 1895, 203. Triniethylallylanimonium chloride, ac- tion of heat on (HOFNANN LECTURE), T., 670. Trimethylbromethylanimoninm brom- ide, preparation of (HOFMANN LEC- TURE), T., 680.Trimethylisobutylanimoniuni platino- chloride, crystalline form of (HOF- MANN LECTURE), T., 671. Trimethylchrysaniline, discovery of (HOFMANN LECTURE), T., 622. aS13-Trimethylglittaric acid ( PERKIN and THORPE), P., 1896, 156. ethylic salt (PERKIN and THORPE), P., 1896, 156. aaS-Trimethylglur aric acid, fi-brotuo-, ethylic salt, and action of alcoholic potassium cyanide on (PERKIN and THORPE), P., 1895, 156. 'I'ritnethylhydroxylamine, hydriodide of (DUNSTAN and GOULDING), T., 839 ; P., 1896, 72. (HOFMANN LECTURE), T., 671. MANN LECTURE), 676. MANN LECTURE), 674. LECTURE), 675. Trimethylphosphine, preparation of 6 s 2I754 INDEX OF SUBJECTS. Trimethylpropylammonium platino- chloride, cqstalline form of (HOF- MA” LECTURE), T., 671. Trirnethj 1 isopropy lammonium chloride, action of heat on (HOFMANN LEC- TURE), T., 670. Trimethylpyrogallol, magnetic rotatory power, &c., of, (PEREIN), T., 1064, 2-127, 1189,1241. Trimetliylrosaniline metliocl~loride (HOFMANN IIRCTURE), T., 625. TriphenFlguanidine, discovery of (HOF- action of cyanogen on (HOFMANN T r iphen y l m e l ~ m in c, preparation of (HOFMANB JJECTUBE), T., 716. T~~iplienylmethane, magnetic rotatory power, &c., of (PERKIN), T., 1085, 1086, 1152, 1195, 1230, 1242. I’ripbenylpliosphine and its chloride (HOFMANN LECTURE). T., 683. T~.iplien~I~~osnniliiie, constitution of Tnphen~l~osanilinesulplionic acids, dip. MAEN LECTURE), T., 686. LECTURE), T., ’715. (HOFiMANN LFCTUHE), T., 614. (’OT’el’y Of (HOFMANN IJECTURE), T., 616. Triplienyl&ibine : its cliloride and hydroxide (HOPILIANN ZECTURE), T., 683. Triphosphoniuni triiodjde, preparation of (HOFMAKN LECTURE), T., 680. Tungstitartaric acid, salts of (HENDER- SON and BARR), T., 1456; P., 1896, 169. U. Urea, estimation of, by the hypobromite procces (ALLEN), P., 1896, 31. Urinc, estimation of urea in, by the Iiypobrnmite process (ALLEN), P., 1896, 31. v. iso-Valeraldehgdc, condensation of, with 8-li;ydi.oxS-a-naphtliaquiiione (HOOKEB), T., 1356. Valerie acid, formation of, by the action of light on aiiiylic alcohol ( R~CHARDSON and FORTEY), T., Valeric acid, absorption hy silk of dilute (WALKER and APPLB- YARD), T., 1346; P., 1896, 147. ethylic and aniTlic salts, molecular volume of, in organic solvents (NICOL), T., 143; P., 1895, 237. VALERIC ACIDS :- 1351 ; l’., 1896, 165. VALERIC ACIDS :- Valerie acid, a-bromo-, ethylic salt, action of alcoholic potash on PERKIN and GOODWIN), T., 1470. action of quinoline on (PERKIN and GOODWIN), T., 1470. Mcthylethylacetic acid (a-methyl- butyric acid ; Hydrotiglic acid), y-brorno- ENTLET, HAWORTH, ethylic salt) (BENTLEY ,HAWORTH, and PERKIN), T., 1’74 ; P., 1896, 36 action of ethylic sodioisopro- pylmnlnnate on (BENTLEY, HAWOI~TH, and PEBEIN), T., lG2. y-chloro-, anilide of ( BENTLEY, HAWO~LTH, and PERKIW), T., and ‘P 1 ERKIN), T., 174. 175 ; P., 1896, 37. VALERIC CHLORIDE :- Methjlethglacetic chloride, y-chloro- (BENTLEY, HAWOHTH, and PER- KIN), T., 1’75; P., 1896, 37. VALEROLACTORE :- a-~~ethglbutyrolact oiie ( BEWTLEY, HAWORTR, and PERKIN), T., action of liydrobromic acid on (BENTLEY, HAWORTH, and PER- KIR’), T., 174; P., 1896, 36. action of phosphorus pentachloricle on (UENTLEY, HAWORTH, and YEREIN), T., 174 ; P., 1896, 37. Valeroiiitrile, preparation of (HOFXANN LECJTRE), T., 696. Velocity of change of alkyl ammoniuni cyanatcs into t h e corresponding c~~rbaiiiiclea ( WdLKER and APPLE- PARD), T., 193; P., 1896, 12. Viiiplic bromide (BENTLEY, HAWORTR, aid PERKIK), T., 165; HAWORTH and PERKIN), T., 1’75. Violaniline, discovery of (HOFMAKN LECT~RI.:), T., 610. Viscosity of aqueous solutions of sodium sulphate (D’hck-), T., 999 ; P., 1896, 104. Volume changes during the formation of dilute solutions (JONES), P., 1895, 179. Volume of sulphates of potassium, rubidium, and caesiuln in combina- tion with other sulpliates (TUTTON), T., 497 ; P., 1896, ‘71. Volumes, nioleciilar, of gases, L. iVIeye2s investigatipnu on (BED- SON), T., 1423; l’., 1896, 119. of the double sulphates of potassium, rubidinm, and cesium (TUITON), T., 457 ; Y., 1896, 68. 173; P., 1896, 36.INDEX OF SUBJECTS. 1755 Volumes, molecular, of ethylic arid amylic benzoakes in organic sol- vents (NICOL), T., 143; P., 1895, 237. of ethFlic butyrate in organic solvents (NICOL), T., 143; P., 1895,237. of ethylic and amylic formatee in or- ganic solvents (NICOL), T., 143 ; P., 1895,237. of ethylin malonate in organic sol- vents (NICOL), T., 143; P., 1895, 237. of ethylic oxalate in organic solvents (NICOL), T., 143; P., 1895, 237. of ethylic salicplate in organic sol- vents (NICOL), T., 143; P., 1895, 237. of ethylic succinate in organic 601- vents (NICOL), T., 143; P., 1895, 237. of etliylic and amylic valerates in or- ganic solvents (NICOL), T., 143; P., 1895, 237. of methylic, butylic, and amylic acetates in organic solvents ( NICOL), T., 143 j P., 1895, 237. Vortex atnnis (FITZGCERALD), T., 889 ; P., 1896, 25. W, Wallflower, yellow, calouring mattera of the (PERKIN and HUMHEL), T., 1566; P., 1896, 185. Water, influence of temperature on the magnetic rotatory power of (PER- KIN), T., 1060 ; ?., 1896, 122. influence of, on the combination of carbonic oxide and oxygen ( DIXON), T., 7’76; P., 1896, 65. Water, mineral, from Landeck, L. Meyer’s invest,igation of (BEDSON), T., 1413. of the Knaresborough dropping well (BURRELL), T., 536; P., 1896, 73. Water-gas, explosive mixtures of air Weld, luteolin, the colourinp matter of and (CLOWES), P., 1895, 201. (PERKIN), T., 206 ; P., 1896, 37. X. Xanthone group of yellow colouring matters (PERKIN), T., 1440; P., 1896, 16’7. o-Xylene, magnetic rotatoi-y powers, &c., of (PERKIN), T., 1130, 1159, 1192, 1193, 1229, 1241. m-Xylene, magnetic rotatory powers, &c., of (PERKIN), T., 1130, 1159, 1192,1193, 1829, 1241. p-Xylene, magnetic rotatory power, &c., of (PERKIN), T., 1130, 1159, 1192, 1193, 1229, 1241. p-Xylic acid (3 : 4-dimethylbenzoic acid), reduction of (BENTLEY and PERKIN), P., 1896, 79. 1 : 3 : 4-Xylidine, colouring matter ob- tained by oxidation of (HOFMANN LECTURE), T., FO5. Xylidine-red, discovery of ( HOFNANN LECTCRE), T., 620. Xyloec, existsnce of formal derivatives of, in cered celluloseR (CROSS, BEVAN, and SMITH), T., 804; P., 1896, Y6. identification OF, in solublo products of the acid hydrolysis of cellulose (CROSS, BEVAN, and SMITH), T., Xylylcarbimide, preparation of (HOF- MANN LXCTURE), T., 715. nb -m- Xply lcarboxyethylthiocarbamide (DORAN), T., 329; P., 1896, 74. 811; P., 1896, 96. P. Yeast, ferinentation of furfuroids by (CROSS, BEVAN, and SMITH), T., 816 ; Y., 1896,96. Z. Zinc, rate of diffusion of, in mercury (HUMPHREYS), T., 251 ; P., 1896, 9. Ziuc alloys with cadmium, solution and diffusion of, in mercury (HUMPH- REPS), T., 1681 ; P., 1896,220. with copper, solution and diffusion of, in mercury (HUMPHREYS), T., 1682 ; P., 1896, 220. Zinc cesium sulphate, density and optical behaviour of (TITTTON), T., 383. potassium sulphate, density and opti- cal behaviour of (TUTTON), T., 374. rubidium sulphate, density and opti- cal behaviour of (TUTTON), T., 379.

ISSN:0368-1645    

DOI:10.1039/CT8966901710

出版商:RSC    

年代:1896

数据来源: RSC