ISSN:0001-5172    

DOI:10.1111/j.1399-6576.1985.tb02336.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0001-5172    

DOI:10.1111/j.1399-6576.1985.tb02317.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

We reviewed our experience with the percutaneous insertion of 459 silicone central venous catheters from 1979 to 1984. Special attention was given to the complication of malposition of these catheters. From 1981–1984, 116 consecutive percutaneous silicone central venous catheters (CVC) were inserted using the peel away sheath introducer. There were no primary catheter malpositions using this technique; however, secondary malposition occurred with 6% of the catheters. In addition to the use of this technique, patient response to movement of the guidewire during the catheterization procedure is described. The details of catheter insertion technique which permit operative assessment of the correctness of catheter location are presented. Symptoms and signs of secondary catheter malposition, as well as management required for this problem, are discusse

ISSN:0001-5172    

DOI:10.1111/j.1399-6576.1985.tb02318.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0001-5172    

DOI:10.1111/j.1399-6576.1985.tb02319.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

We report the results of over 300 central venous and pulmonary artery catheterizations via the axillary vein. We found that the success rate with this method compares well with those of other catheterization routes, whilst the risk of mechanical injury, even for artificially ventilated patients, was virtually eliminated.

ISSN:0001-5172    

DOI:10.1111/j.1399-6576.1985.tb02320.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In a short review solutions of glucose, fructose and invertose have been compared in regard to proteinsparing effects, side effects and infusion rates. It is concluded that fructose alone offers no advantage to glucose neither in the normal nor in the stressed organism. Compared with pure glucose and fructose solutions, higher amounts of carbohydrate can be administered as invertose, without increasing the risk of side effects.

ISSN:0001-5172    

DOI:10.1111/j.1399-6576.1985.tb02337.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Measures should be taken to increase the use of joule and kilojoule as the unit for energy. The Scandinavian countries have made a political commitment for the SI‐system in medicin

ISSN:0001-5172    

DOI:10.1111/j.1399-6576.1985.tb02338.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Thrombophlebitis is a frequent and discomforting complication following infusions into peripheral veins. In controlled clinical and animal experiments, it has also been shown that following factors reduce the risk of development of infusion thrombophlebitis: a short infusion time, neutralization of the acid glucose solutions, addition of heparine to sugar solutions, use of short and thin needles instead of plastic cannulae or 30 cmteflon catheters, use of 5% glucose instead of more concentrated solutions and use of glucose in preference to fructose. The importance of in‐line membrane filters is not convincing, and the addition of hydrocortisone and the effects of changing administration sets seem without clinical importance. In conclusion, it is possible in clinical praxis to follow principles, which minimize the risk of the unpleasant and long‐lasting complication ‐ infusion thrombophle

ISSN:0001-5172    

DOI:10.1111/j.1399-6576.1985.tb02339.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Directions and sizes of displacement of “half‐way” catheter tips with movements of the upper extremities were investigated in thoracic radiographs in 21 patients (10 women and 11 men), 28–88 years old. Ten catheters were inserted by basilic, and 11 by cephalic veins punctured at the fossa cubiti. Catheter tip positions were related to the lateral edge of the first rib. The tip position with the patient's arm in 90d̀ abduction was considered as the reference point. Displacements caused by maximal flexion of the forearm, maximal adduction of the upper extremity, and maximal elevation of the brachium plus maximal flexion of the forearm were studied. With all movements and venous approaches there were significantly more medial than lateral displacements (P<0.001). The medial displacements varied from 0.2–5.0 cm, and the lateral ones from 0.5–1.8 cm. Location of the “half‐way” catheter tips in the proximal axillary vein, at the lateral edge of the first rib, is recommended. As found previously, this may be obtained by inserting a catheter length representing 1/5 of the patient's height. Such a location inhibits harbouring of the “half‐way” catheter tips in the jugular veins with movement in the upper extremities. Furthermore, estimation of central venous pressures by axillary venous p

ISSN:0001-5172    

DOI:10.1111/j.1399-6576.1985.tb02323.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

High lumbar epidural block was induced in seven dogs, causing a fall in mean arterial blood pressure (AP) from 24.5 ⋅ 2.9 to 12.0 ⋅ 3.1 kPa owing to reductions in cardiac output (QT) and systemic vascular resistance (SVR) to 67% and 68% of the pre‐epidural values. Volume loading with dextran 10 ml ⋅ kg‐1b. w. increased QTnearly to the pre‐epidural value. SVR decreased further to 61% of the pre‐epidural value and AP was only slightly increased to 14.9 ⋅ 2.7 kPa. Subsequent administration of prenalterol 20 μg ⋅ kg‐1b. w. caused a further increase in QTto 17% above the pre‐epidural value due to an increase in heart rate of 51 beats/min. AP did not change since SVR decreased further to 49% of the pre‐epidural value. The hepatic arterial blood flow (QHA) was essentially unchanged during epidural block as well as during volume loading, while the portal venous blood flow (QPV) was changed concurrently with (QT). In spite of the decrease in SVR, the preportal and hepatic arterial vascular resistances were not diminished following prenalterol. The increase in QTmust therefore have favoured other vascular beds. Hepatic and pre‐portal tissue oxygen uptakes were unchanged during the experimental procedure, while whole‐body oxygen uptake decreased by 20% following the epidural block and increased nearly to the pre‐epidural level following volume loading i

ISSN:0001-5172    

DOI:10.1111/j.1399-6576.1985.tb02156.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY