摘要:

The MDO (Mehrdraht Dortmund Oberfläche) multiwire oxygen electrode was used for studies of oxygen pressure fields in eight rabbit skeletal muscle preparations during controlled hypotension with adenosine and sodium nitroprusside (SNP). Tissue oxygen histograms were constructed from 120 simple tissue oxygen pressures (PtO2) samples that were collected during 5 min. Statistical analysis between histograms was performed with the two‐sample Kolmogorov‐Smirnov test. Mean arterial blood pressure was reduced to 60 mmHg with both drugs, corresponding to a 42–43% reduction during the 25‐min hypotension period. SNP‐induced hypotension caused significant reduction of muscle oxygenization (compared to normotensive controls) in six of the animals, while this occurred on three occasions during adenosine administration. When comparing the histograms during hypotension, the tissue oxygenation during adenosine infusion was higher than during SNP in five and equal to SNP in three animals. Low tissue oxygen pressure values (0‐0.6 kPa) were four times more frequent during SNP than during adenosine hypotension, although systemic arterial oxygen pressures were unaffected. We conclude that controlled hypotension with adenosine preserves tissue oxygen pressures better than hypotension in

ISSN:0001-5172    

DOI:10.1111/j.1399-6576.1986.tb02374.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Peripheral airway pressure (Pp) was measured during high frequency ventilation (HFV) (open system) (1–20 Hz) by retrograde catheters in eight excised dog lungs. Central airway pressure (Pc) and pleural pressure (Ppl) were measured simultaneously. We found a significant increase in peripheral end‐expiratory pressure at frequencies 5 Hz and higher, when the minute ventilation was increased. Mean Pcand mean Ppremained unchanged during ventilation at different frequencies with constant minute ventilation, although tidal volume decreased. With increasing tidal volume Pc, Pp, and Ppl(mean) increased at all frequencies. The increase in end‐expiratory pressure indicates an “auto‐PEEP” effect, which may contribute to the better gas exchange described

ISSN:0001-5172    

DOI:10.1111/j.1399-6576.1986.tb02375.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The effects of cortisol suppression by etomidate on the changes in circulating metabolites associated with pelvic surgery were investigated in healthy female patients. The use of etomidate resulted in the inhibition of cortisol secretion for 24 h compared with a control group of patients. However, the inhibition of steroidogenesis was not associated with a significant effect on blood glucose, blood lactate and plasma nonesterified fatty acid values, although the glycaemic response to surgery was consistently less in those patients who received etomidate. Heart rate and arterial pressure were significantly decreased during surgery in the etomidate group compared with the control group, but were similar in the postoperative period when the difference in plasma cortisol between the groups was greatest. The results suggest that cortisol has only a minor role in determining changes in circulating metabolites associated with surgery.

ISSN:0001-5172    

DOI:10.1111/j.1399-6576.1986.tb02376.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Inquiries were sent to practising Austrian anesthesiologists to ascertain their premedication‐prescribing habits and their assessment of premedicants that they received as patients. The 143 replies received showed meperidine/promethazine (M/P) as most used n = 83 and received (n = 54) drug (combination), followed by fentanyl/droperidol (F/D) n = 33 (n = 21), benzodiazepines (BZ) n = 17 (n = 10) and several other drugs (combinations) n = 10 (n = 14). There was no significant difference in the premedication habits of the 82 anesthesiologists who had received premedication and those (61) who had no personal experience with premedicants. The former judged M/P to be significantly superior to F/D and other schemes; however there was no significant difference from the judgement of the BZ. Unpleasant side effects have been described in 9% of M/P, 10% of BZ, 24% of F/D and 21% of other premedicants. On future occasions 10% of BZ‐, 13% of the M/P‐, 24% F/D‐ and 21%‐receivers of other combinations would reject the same drug. Seven F/D and five M/P users converted their prescription schemes after they had received the same drug for their own premedication. The prescription habits were not influenced by dependency on departmental or hospital orders. Of those who had received it 75% desired premedication and 25% accepted premedication, suggesting that anesthesiologists believe in the positive effects of premedication. However, the overall incidence of 10% unpleasant side effects, even in the better ranked drugs, shows that the available premedicants do not yet seem to be sat

ISSN:0001-5172    

DOI:10.1111/j.1399-6576.1986.tb02377.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY