ISSN:1042-895X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1999

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Unsedated transnasal esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) is a unique approach to viewing the gastrointestinal tract. A significant portion of the expense and complications of conventional EGD is related to the use of conscious sedation. Transnasal EGD can be performed with a topical anesthetic alone and can be safely executed in inpatient and outpatient settings.

ISSN:1042-895X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1999

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Inflammation of the liver is known as hepatitis. Six or seven viruses, hepatitis A-G, are responsible for the majority of cases of viral hepatitis. All of the types of hepatitis present with the same flu-like symptoms. In this first of a series of three articles, current knowledge regarding hepatitis A, B, and D will be reviewed. Fifty percent of hepatitis cases are due to hepatitis A. Hepatitis B is considered a sexually transmitted disease. Hepatitis D is an incomplete virus found accompanying Hepatitis B. Every phase of patient care improves when health care professionals are knowledgeable regarding their clients' illnesses. This article presents our current scientific understanding of hepatitis A, B, and D viruses.

ISSN:1042-895X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1999

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Immunological technology has paved the way for a promising new therapy for patients suffering from chronic active Crohn's disease. Neutralization of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα), a cytokine secreted by cells in the immune system, may prove useful in decreasing bowel inflammation and aid in the closure of fistulae. Two multicenter, randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trials were conducted to evaluate the safety and efficacy of inflixmab (Remicade® [Centocor]), a chimeric monoclonal antibody form of anti-TNFα, hypothesized to provide a prolonged therapeutic effect in chronic inflammation. The 5 mg/kg dose regimen of infliximab was the lowest effective dose and produced a high degree of benefit lasting 8 weeks to 3 months. Infusion preparation, cost, and patient indications bear special considerations. Further investigation is needed in long-term safety and efficacy for chronic administration of infliximab.

ISSN:1042-895X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1999

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Metallic esophageal stents are marketed as easier to insert with fewer placement and subsequent stent-related problems. Accordingly, we retrospectively/prospectively reviewed our experience placing metallic esophageal stents in malignant strictures.Methods:The research design was a one-group pre- and post-test quasi-experimental design including all patients who underwent metallic stent placement at Virginia Mason Medical Center in Seattle between August 1987 and August 1997. Data included descriptive statistics of patient demographics, pre- and post-dysphagia scores, acute and subacute complications, repeated interventions, and patient survival outcomes. Descriptive statistics, paired t-test assessing pre- and post-dysphagia scores, and 2-way ANOVA were used to analyze the statistical relationship between complications and 1) stent location, 2) patient gender, and 3) patient age.Findings:Seventy-five metallic stents were placed in 63 patients. Improvement in pre- and post-dysphagia scores was statistically significant. Factor analysis was not statistically significant for complications and stent location, complications and gender, and complications and age.Conclusions:Metallic esophageal stents showed statistically significant improvement for patient dysphagia. Complications of stent placement did not correlate with location of stent, age, or gender.

ISSN:1042-895X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1999

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Although screening flexible sigmoidoscopy is associated with a significant decrease in colorectal cancer mortality, less than 50% of eligible Americans have had a sigmoidoscopy. As the United States population ages, over 50 million Americans will be eligible for colorectal cancer screening with flexible sigmoidoscopy. The projected increase in a population eligible for screening is expected to increase demand for this procedure and may result in overwhelming currently available endoscopic resources. Gastroenterology nurses should actively seek training to perform flexible sigmoidoscopy to accommodate this increased demand. Current barriers to nurse-performed sigmoidoscopy are prohibitions by state Boards of Nursing and lack of procedural reimbursement for nurse endoscopists performing flexible sigmoidoscopy. The lack of research about the effectiveness of this practice is a contributing factor to the hindrances in the development of this nursing role. This review outlines research about the effectiveness of flexible sigmoidoscopy by nurses, legal and reimbursement issues, and details the scope of training programs used by institutions with nurse endoscopists.

ISSN:1042-895X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1999

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The purpose of this article is to assist the health care provider with an understanding of how to care for latex-allergic patients. Ways to ensure patient safety in a health care facility are discussed, including important aspects of patient education.

ISSN:1042-895X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1999

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:1042-895X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1999

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:1042-895X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1999

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:1042-895X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1999

数据来源: OVID