ISSN:0361-2317    

DOI:10.1002/col.5080060301

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0361-2317    

DOI:10.1002/col.5080060302

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe Natural Color System (NCS) is a psychometric model for color description and also a practical application of Hering's opponent‐color theory. The need for different color‐measurement systems in industry, architecture, design, and research is discussed, together with the importance of having in common a valid language by which all those who work with colors can describe the perceptions of color and color combinations. The origin of the NCS is described with its underlying phenomenological philosophy—color is what we see. NCS is a symbol language which provides various possibilities for describing colors and relationships between them, both by graphical illustrations and by letter–digit notations. Finally, some principles of the Swedish Standards Institution Color Atlas NCS are mentioned; this collection of color samples provides a physical representation of the psychometric of the NCS system for color notation and is now published as a Swedish S

ISSN:0361-2317    

DOI:10.1002/col.5080060303

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractMaterials having a very low reflectance over a large spectral region are necessary for many scientific application, especially in aerospace, spectrophotometry, spectroradiometry, and photography. This article surveys black absorbing materials and devices being used throughout the industry. Also described is a new black backing device with reflectances of less than 0.1% i.e., 99.9% absorptance, that can be used as a sample backing and for determining the zero photometric scale in spectrophotometry and photometry. The reflectance of the device is nearly perfectly flat between 0.200 and 2.5 μm

ISSN:0361-2317    

DOI:10.1002/col.5080060304

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA set of essentially single‐maximum, minimal‐overlap color‐matching fnctions without negative portions has been developed. Transformation matrices defining conversion from the CIE standard 2° and supplementary standard 10° observers are proposed. The merits of various conversions are di

ISSN:0361-2317    

DOI:10.1002/col.5080060305

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe question of why chromatic adaptation has been studied has two answers: to explore the functioning of the visual mechanism and to provide useful engineering data. The question of how is answered by reviewing a series of techniques that have been used to study chromatic adaptation.

ISSN:0361-2317    

DOI:10.1002/col.5080060306

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractPersistence or invariance over changes in adaptation is examined for color matches, near‐threshold color differences, and large color differences. Persistence is usually thought to obtain for matches involving equiluminance samples under restricted but broadly useful conditions. Both small and large color differences vary over chromatic adaptation. Small differences vary less than large differences and both vary more with widely disparate conditions of adaptation than when adaptations are similar. A consequence of this finding is that color‐difference equations relate strictly to only one condition of adaptation. A corollary is that no single uniform‐chromaticity diagram can be expected to display color differences properly for different conditions of adaptation, although a uniform‐perceptual diagram could do so. What is needed to resolve the problem is an accurate method of chromatic‐adaptation transf

ISSN:0361-2317    

DOI:10.1002/col.5080060307

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA chromatic‐adaptation model which consists of a modified von Kries and a succeeding nonlinear transformation is formulated provided that a medium‐gray background is always used as an adapting field. The formulation uses (1) the absolute tristimulus values in luminance units, (2) the principles of brightness and achromaticness constancy for a medium‐gray sample on the same medium‐gray background, (3) a simple power law whose exponent increases with an increase of the effective adapting level of each of three visual mechanisms, and (4) the noise components. Predictions are compared between the new nonlinear model and the linkage model of Takahama et al. for the chromatic‐adaptation effect between CIE IlluminantsD65andAand also for the Hu

ISSN:0361-2317    

DOI:10.1002/col.5080060308

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0361-2317    

DOI:10.1002/col.5080060309

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0361-2317    

DOI:10.1002/col.5080060310

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY