ISSN:0361-2317    

DOI:10.1002/col.5080120302

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0361-2317    

DOI:10.1002/col.5080120303

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0361-2317    

DOI:10.1002/col.5080120304

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe achromatic response of the nonlinear color‐appearance model is developed to predict the perceptions of whiteness‐blackness, brightness, and lightness of object colors. The distinction between whiteness‐blackness and brightness perceptions of achromatic colors is especially important in an adapting condition with nonuniform illumination or in a haploscopic match between different adapting fields. In the whiteness–blackness response, the reference gray is introduced from the viewpoint of opponency of achromatic response, and the whiteness–blackness response is divided into whiteness–grayness and grayness–blackness responses. By giving different weights for the whiteness–grayness and grayness–blackness responses, the metric lightness in the nonlinear color‐appearance model agrees very closely with the CIE 1976 L* function without any alteration to th

ISSN:0361-2317    

DOI:10.1002/col.5080120305

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIn four of the five CIE color regions, the correlation of perceptibility of color differences and colorimetric measures is studied for painted samples at threshold. Sample pairs resulting in three‐dimensional color differences ranging from zero to just clearly perceptible were used. The variability of color‐difference ellipsoids is shown for single observers and for observer groups. Randomisation of mean results by a Monte‐Carlo method produces deviation ellipsoids that describe shells of uncertainty inherent in the data. Interobserver and inter‐group variability turns out to be widely covered by random noise, but the variances leave some stability of ellipsoid shapes. Color‐difference formulas should be able to predict color differences within the shells of un

ISSN:0361-2317    

DOI:10.1002/col.5080120306

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe Coloroid color system is a Hungarian standard color order system. This article describes the color space of the Coloroid system and its relationship to the CIE colorimetric space and the spaces associated with the Munsell and DIN color order systems. The Coloroid system is presented as a compromise of principles of uniformity in regard to color difference and color harmony, as well as ease of mapping into the CIE colorimetric space.

ISSN:0361-2317    

DOI:10.1002/col.5080120307

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe reflectances of paint films can be predicted from the scattering and absorption characteristics of their pigments using the Kubelka‐Munk (K‐M) equations. The K‐M theory has several limitations. To overcome these, the number of fluxes inside the paint film has been increased from two to four in various proposed mathematical models. A more recent theoretical advancement in the subject was made by Mudgett and Richards by the introduction of the many‐flux theory. This theory eliminates several limitations of the K‐M theory. The application of this theory is highly complicated as it requires the use of Mie‐theory parameters like the single scattering and absorption coefficients and the phase function. In our previous publications, we have proposed simple equation to simulate the Mie‐theory phase function. In this article, we give simplified equations to estimate the scattering and absorption coefficients of colorants. The utility of these simplified equations has been established by computing the reflectances of paint films, using the M‐F technique for selected particle sizes up to a range of X = 5 ( = 2 π/λ) and refractive indicesm̄ = m – ik, where m varies from 1.10 to 2.00 andk= 0.001 to 0.10. (The imaginary part of the refractive indexkshould not be confused with the single‐scattering absorption coefficient.) The results are compared with those obtained by using rigorous Mie‐theory equations. The reflectances predicted by the two sets

ISSN:0361-2317    

DOI:10.1002/col.5080120308

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0361-2317    

DOI:10.1002/col.5080120309

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0361-2317    

DOI:10.1002/col.5080120310

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0361-2317    

DOI:10.1002/col.5080120311

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY