摘要:

The elephant fishCallorhynchus milii(Holocephalidae) has a pair of well‐developed otoliths corresponding (in relative position) to the astericus and sagitta in teleosts. Although the elephant fish apparently lacks a lapillus, there are a well‐developed set of cristae at the base of the semicircular canals. The cristae presumably serve the same balance function as the lapillus. The semicircular canal system also contains a well‐developed ductus endolymphaticus, filled with irregular calcium carbonate otoconia. A different type of oto‐conia are found fused together to form the two otoliths. This latter type of otoconia, a crenellated spherulite, is similar to those found aggregated in the otolith of the lungfishNeoceratodus forsteri, and found as loose otoconia in association with the sagitta in some species of teleosts.

ISSN:0028-8330    

DOI:10.1080/00288330.1987.9516223

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1987

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Gut content analyses of 1068 samples from flatfish in Wellington Harbour were carried out to determine patterns of food resource use among five species co‐occurring there. Diets differed between species and, for some species, varied with location, season, and time of day. Two broad patterns of food resource use were recognised. Firstly, four species(Rhombosolea plebeia, R. leporina, Peltorhamphus novaezeelandiae, Pelotre‐tis flavilatus)fed on benthic infauna and epifauna while the fifth species(Amoglossus scapha)fed on benthic epifauna and pelagic organisms. Secondly, three species(R. plebeia, R. leporina, P. novaezeelandiae)had relatively diverse diets whiph closely overlapped while two species(P. flavilatus, A. scapha)had relatively narrow diets and little dietary overlap. The same species show different patterns of food resource use elsewhere in New Zealand; it is proposed that local conditions contribute to the observed patterns in Wellington Harbour.

ISSN:0028-8330    

DOI:10.1080/00288330.1987.9516224

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1987

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Fecundity estimates were made from 70 late‐vitellogenic orange roughy captured from the Kaikoura Coast during May 1986; Absolute fecundities ranged from 26 000 to 90 000, with a relative fecundity of 22 000 eggs per kg body‐weight. Both relative and absolute fecundities are one to two orders of magnitude lower than in six other commercially exploited New Zealand species. The comparatively lower fecundity of orange roughy combined with an apparently high age at maturity make this species potentially Susceptible to overfishing.

ISSN:0028-8330    

DOI:10.1080/00288330.1987.9516225

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1987

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The hokiMacruronus novaezelandiae(Macruroninae: Merlucciidae) is one of the most common fish species in the New Zealaid region. Hoki are widely distributed in subtropical and subantarctic water from c. 34° S to 54° S, with a depth range of less than 10 m to over 900 m. The eggs are positively buoyant, 1.01–1.14 mm in diameter (mean 1.07 mm), spherical with a smooth chorion and homogeneous yolk containing a single oil droplet c. 0.33 mm in diameter. Embryonic development takes 80 hours at 12 °C and the newly hatched larva is c. 2.2 mm in length. In artificially reared larvae the mouth begins to form 96 hours after hatching. After 5 days the yolk sac is almost completely absorbed, the mouth developed and the intestinal tract opened. Hoki eggs develop more quickly than eggs of species ofMerlucciusat similar temperatures. The size range of hoki eggs overlaps with those of other species spawning in the same area and time. Melanophore patterns are described which allow distinction of late‐stage eggs and the larvae.

ISSN:0028-8330    

DOI:10.1080/00288330.1987.9516226

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1987

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Two species of arrow squid,Nototodarus(Oegopsida: Ommastrephidae), are caught in New Zealand waters. The close similarity in most morphometric characters has lead to confusion over the status of the two species. They are distinguished by the number of pairs of suckers on the first right arm; adult males are distinguished by the number of proximal tubercles and the morphology of the distal part of the hectocotylised arm; fresh or frozen specimens can be identified by gel elec‐trophoresis of the enzyme glycerol‐3‐phosphate dehydrogenase.Nototodarus sloaniiis found in southern waters andN. gouldiin more northerly waters around New Zealand as well as southern waters of Australia. Differences between the two species are described and notes presented on their biology, abundance, and exploitation.

ISSN:0028-8330    

DOI:10.1080/00288330.1987.9516227

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1987

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Current observations taken at depths between 630 and 830 m from the west coast South Island continental slope exhibit one‐ to four‐weekly periodicities superimposed on the semi‐diurnal tide. These variable flows at 630 m and otter large, longer‐timescale events have a significart onshore/offshore component of flow which leads to a similar transport of alongshore momentum and heat.

ISSN:0028-8330    

DOI:10.1080/00288330.1987.9516228

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1987

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The paper presents investigations of wave climate, tidal inlet hydraulics, and sand sediment bypassing at the entrance to Westport Harbour, South Island, New Zealand. The results complement and extend those of studies of bar morphologies and sediment characteristics already published. Longshore transport of about 1 × 106m3/year is directed in a net eastward fashion across the inlet because of an in‐built misalignment of the harbour training walls. Approximately 90% of the drift is bypassed, and has been since 1921, by deflection and splitting of the main sediment streams through the inner and outer bars and a transverse channel aoross the entrance. The outer bar appears to be the submarine, downdrift extension of Carters Breach and river load appears to contribute an order of magnitude less sediment to the complex than annual littoral drift. River sediments and littoral drift are mixed off the harbour and a declining proportion over time is recirculated to cause progradation of North Beach. The tidal compartment contributes little to scour of the entrance because of the predominance of bar bypassing. Contrary to the recommendations of several past studies, it is argued that improvements in navigation depths at West‐port are more likely to be obtained through modification of the littoral drift system than they are from tidal compartment enlargement.

ISSN:0028-8330    

DOI:10.1080/00288330.1987.9516229

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1987

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Absorbance at 360 nm and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentration were measured on 47 filtered water samples collected from streams and rivers of the west coast of South Island, New Zealand. The regression equation (DOC (g m‐3) = 59.6 Abs1cm+ 1.9) calculated from the data, reliably predicted DOC concentration within the range 1.6–43.2 gm‐3. This relationship is similar to that found fsr some Venezuelan and south‐eastern United Stales waters indicating that it may have widespread utility for estimating DOC concentrations in soft waters where DOC is dominated by humic substances

ISSN:0028-8330    

DOI:10.1080/00288330.1987.9516230

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1987

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Results from a preliminary spectral analysis of inertial currents at a site with co‐ordinates 42° 1.73’ S, 168°41.1 l'E and a depth of 1505 m are described. Rotary spectral analysis indicates that inertial currents form a significant constituent of the observed oscillatory currents recorded.

ISSN:0028-8330    

DOI:10.1080/00288330.1987.9516231

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1987

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0028-8330    

DOI:10.1080/00288330.1987.9516232

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1987

数据来源: Taylor