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(XXXV. Symposium der Gesellschaft für Wissenschaftsgeschichte, 21. bis 23. Mai 1998 in Amsterdam). Wissenschaft und Reisen ‐ Einleitung und Bericht |
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Berichte zur Wissenschaftsgeschichte,
Volume 22,
Issue 2‐3,
1999,
Page 75-80
Wolfgang U. Eckart,
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ISSN:0170-6233
DOI:10.1002/bewi.19990220202
出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag
年代:1999
数据来源: WILEY
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2. |
Neue Dimensionen wissenschaftlicher Reisen im 18. Jahrhundert Maupertuis' Lapplandexpedition |
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Berichte zur Wissenschaftsgeschichte,
Volume 22,
Issue 2‐3,
1999,
Page 81-93
Hartmut Hecht,
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摘要:
The Lapland‐expedition of Maupertuis and his group of young academics is known as one of the most decisive and most impressive experimental determinations of the figure of the earth which will be obviously discussed against the background of the fundamental antagonism of 18th century philosophy,i.e.the struggle of Cartesianism against Newtonianism andvice versa.Following such an interpretation, the historian is only interested in one aspect of the voyage. Nevertheless, there are other ones which, taken into account, modify the inherited perspective on the expedition enormously. In this paper the experimental proof of the Newtonian theory as well as the ethnographic observations, the investigation of the inscriptions from Windso etc. will be studied. The argumentation tries to give an explication of the Lapland‐expedition as a whole and develops it in comparison with Leibniz' grand tour to Southern Germany, Austria and Italy. Its dominating point is to stress that the new dimensions of scientific voyages in the 18th century are to be understood as elements of a new philosophical paradigm,i. e.an all‐embracing historical world
ISSN:0170-6233
DOI:10.1002/bewi.19990220203
出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag
年代:1999
数据来源: WILEY
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3. |
Burkhard Dietz: Erich Philipp Ploennies (1672‐1751). Leben und Werk eines mathematischen Praktikers der Frühaufklärung. (Bergische Forschungen, Bd 24) Neustadt/Aisch: Verlagsdruckerei Schmidt 1996. 343 Seiten, DM 30,‐. ISBN 3‐87707‐491‐X. |
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Berichte zur Wissenschaftsgeschichte,
Volume 22,
Issue 2‐3,
1999,
Page 93-94
Helmut Maier,
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ISSN:0170-6233
DOI:10.1002/bewi.19990220204
出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag
年代:1999
数据来源: WILEY
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4. |
‚Reise der Aufklärung’︁: Selbstverortung, Empirie und epistemischer Diskurs bei Herder, Lessing, Lichtenberg und anderen |
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Berichte zur Wissenschaftsgeschichte,
Volume 22,
Issue 2‐3,
1999,
Page 95-111
Thomas Kleinknecht,
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摘要:
The »journey of enlightenment« (Lea Ritter Santini) should denote an ideal type of explorative events that produced the twin effect of shedding new light on any given topic and, simultaneously, of representing a modern scientific, yet humane outlook to the world. This outlook depended on a higly reflective approach of viewing the world, granting the self an original, even pivotal position (Herder is a case in point). It could involve self‐delusion and could have melancholy or pathological results. The successive phases of a journey, (a) the discovery of unfamiliar surroundings and (b) its legitimatory aftermath, should therefore be linked to the biographical setting of the travellers involved. The journey often left a lifelong impact on their lives; Lichtenberg is exemplary in this respect.Recent research into eminent figures of the Enlightenment period,e. g.into Lessing, have enabled us to follow quite closely the learning and filtering process, by which the gradual acquisition of knowledge and judgement took place. A lively face‐to‐face and/or epistolary intercourse in most cases accompanied the interpretation of data culled from observation. Furthermore, discussion (vis‐à‐vismere registration or sketching) proved essential for reaching an understanding of a fairly intersubjective standing. Lichtenberg's two visits to England provide a minute protocol of a variety of steps that ‐ more in a zigzag than in a direct fashion ‐ eventually form the growth and the style of our (preliminary) knowledge ‐
ISSN:0170-6233
DOI:10.1002/bewi.19990220205
出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag
年代:1999
数据来源: WILEY
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5. |
Roland Wagner‐Döbler: Wachstumszyklen technisch‐wissenschaftlicher Kreativitat. Eine quantitative Studie unter besonderer Beachtung der Mathematik. Frankfurt am Main/New York: Campus Verlag 1997. 282 Seiten, 73 und 40 Diagramme, DM 68,‐, ISBN 3‐593‐35834‐4. |
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Berichte zur Wissenschaftsgeschichte,
Volume 22,
Issue 2‐3,
1999,
Page 111-112
Franz Graf‐Stuhlhofer,
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ISSN:0170-6233
DOI:10.1002/bewi.19990220206
出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag
年代:1999
数据来源: WILEY
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6. |
„Der Blick über das ganze Erdenrund”︁ ‐ Deutsche Forschungsreisen und Forschungsreisende im 19. Jahrhundert bis zur Deut‐schen Afrika‐Expedition 1860‐1863 |
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Berichte zur Wissenschaftsgeschichte,
Volume 22,
Issue 2‐3,
1999,
Page 113-123
Annelore Rieke‐Müller,
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摘要:
The article deals with German scientific overseas travellers in 19th century before the foundation of the Kaiserreich (1871). After considering some political and scientific conditions in Germany it focusses on the expedition to Africa 1860‐1863 which was organized as the first German national enterprise for research in Africa. It was initiated by a group of scientists and journalists to search for the missing scientific traveller Eduard Vogel. The expedition and its popular reception is interpreted as part of forming national identity by scientific work and national solidarit
ISSN:0170-6233
DOI:10.1002/bewi.19990220207
出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag
年代:1999
数据来源: WILEY
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7. |
Hermann Röhrs: Erinnerungen und Erfahrungen ‐ Perspektiven für die Zukunft. (Gesammelte Schriften, Bd 11) Weinheim: Deutscher Studien‐Verlag 1997. ISBN 3‐89271‐702‐8; 643 Seiten, DM 78. |
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Berichte zur Wissenschaftsgeschichte,
Volume 22,
Issue 2‐3,
1999,
Page 124-124
Alexander Hesse,
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ISSN:0170-6233
DOI:10.1002/bewi.19990220208
出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag
年代:1999
数据来源: WILEY
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8. |
Wissenschaftsförderung durch Reiseförderung. Reiseunterstützungen als Mittel der Forschungsförderung am Beispiel Bayerns im 19. Jahrhundert |
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Berichte zur Wissenschaftsgeschichte,
Volume 22,
Issue 2‐3,
1999,
Page 125-134
Wolfgang J. Smolka,
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摘要:
Early 19th century Bavarian state and its scientific institutions were not able to enforce important scientific enterprises and expeditions out of Europe like other European states did. Except the zoological, anthropological and mostly botanical researches of the Bavarian naturalists Spix and Martius (1817‐1820), who accompanied an Austrian expedition to Brazil enabled through the support of the first Bavarian king Maximilian I. Joseph, caused some attention by the international scientific community. The results of this expedition determined in certain ways the further scientific development in Bavaria during several decades. Another remarkable attempt to strengthen scientific progress by the financial support of explorations and expeditions since 1850 traced back to king Maximilian II., who tried to push Bavaria into a leading position among the middle european states just in the matters of science. The death of Maximilian II. in 1864 caused a big lack in supporting scientific enterprises up to the turn of the century. At the earliest in that time other institutions and social forces were able to take over this charge
ISSN:0170-6233
DOI:10.1002/bewi.19990220209
出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag
年代:1999
数据来源: WILEY
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9. |
„Gehet hin in alle Welt …”︁ Die Aneignung fremder Sprachen und die Sprachwissenschaft des 18. und 19. Jahrhunderts |
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Berichte zur Wissenschaftsgeschichte,
Volume 22,
Issue 2‐3,
1999,
Page 135-145
Elke Nowak,
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摘要:
“The appropriation of foreign tongues and eighteenth and nineteenth centuries linguistics”. ‐ Until well into the nineteenth century the documentation of hitherto unknown languages was but a by‐product of other activities: samples of languages were gathered on expeditions as anthropological specimen, and missionaries did their best to come to grips with the alien tongues they encountered. Although a large number of languages was known by the beginning of the nineteenth century, the number of printed grammars was very small and their reception by the European scientific community was ambiguous. Most of these grammars were composed by missionaries to facilitate the acquisition of the respective language. Most of them show serious deficiencies. From a historiographic perspective the exclusively practical purpose of these grammars highlights two characteristics of the science of language of the time. The actual process of composing a grammar was not a part of investigations into language or languages. There was nothing close to what might be called “empirical research” with respect to the investigation of languages. It was only in the nineteenth century that the importance of language data was advocated by American scholars and the investigation of non‐literate languages was subsequently introduced into lingui
ISSN:0170-6233
DOI:10.1002/bewi.19990220210
出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag
年代:1999
数据来源: WILEY
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10. |
Klaus Dieter Herbst: Die Entwicklung des Meridiankreises 1700‐1850. Bassum: Verlag für Geschichte der Naturwissenschaften und der Technik 1996. Preis DM 70,00; 255 Seiten und 63 Abbildungen. |
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Berichte zur Wissenschaftsgeschichte,
Volume 22,
Issue 2‐3,
1999,
Page 146-146
Felix Schmeidler,
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ISSN:0170-6233
DOI:10.1002/bewi.19990220211
出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag
年代:1999
数据来源: WILEY
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