摘要:

Abstract —Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) data possess a number of undesirable features for parsimony analysis. These features include their non‐codominant inheritance, their anonymous nature, their different (a)symmetrical transformation probabilities, and their possible GC priming bias. As a consequence, no single parsimony method seems appropriate for RAPD data. Moreover, the presence/absence coding of RAPDs is equivalent to the invalid independent allele model for allozymes. These issues are discussed and the way in which parsimony analysis of RAPDs can be misleading is illustra

ISSN:0748-3007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1096-0031.1995.tb00083.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract—The monophyletic status of the Brachiopoda and phylogenetic relationships within the phylum have long been contentious issues for brachiopod systematists. The relationship of brachiopods to other lophophore‐bearing taxa is also uncertain; results from recent morphological and molecular studies are in conflict. To test current hypotheses of relationship, a phylogenetic analysis was completed (using PAUP 3.1.1) with 112 morphological and embryological characters that vary among extant representatives of seven brachiopod superfamilies, using bryozoans, phoronids, pterobranchs and sipunculids as outgroups. In the range of analyses performed, brachiopod monophyly is well supported, particularly by characters of soft anatomy. Arguments concerning single or multiple origins of a bivalved shell are not relevant to recognizing brachiopods as a clade. Articulate monophyly is very strongly supported, but inarticulate monophyly receives relatively weak support. Unlike previous studies, the nature of uncertainties about the clade status of Inarticulata are detailed explicitly here, making them easier to test in the future. Calcareous inarticulates appear to share derived characters with the other inarticulates, while sharing many primitive characters with other calcareous brachiopods (the articulates). Experimental manipulation of the data matrix reveals potential sources of bias in previous hypotheses of brachiopod phylogeny. Although not tested explicitly, lophophorate monophyly is very tentatively supported. Molecular systematic studies of a diverse group of brachiopods and other lophophorates will be particularly welcome in providing a test of the conclusions presented h

ISSN:0748-3007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1096-0031.1995.tb00084.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0748-3007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1096-0031.1995.tb00085.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0748-3007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1096-0031.1995.tb00086.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Book reviews in this article:ANIMAL PHYLOGENY AT LAST IN THE MAINSTREAMAnimal evolution: Interrelationships of living Phyla.—Claus Nielse

ISSN:0748-3007    

DOI:10.1111/j.1096-0031.1995.tb00087.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY