摘要:

AbstractTheP, hobo, Hermes, Minosandmarinertransposable elements have been successfully used as gene vectors to achieve genetic transformation ofDrosophila melamagaster. Thehobotransposable element ofD. melamagaster, a member of thehATfamily of transposable elements, can also transpose In other dipteran species Including the house flyMusca domesticaand the Oueensland fruit fly,Bactrocera tryonl. AnotherhATelement,Hermes, can also transpose In a wide range of insect species. We report here that both of thesehATelements are also capable of mobility and accurate transposition In the noctuidHelicoverpa armigeraand thus may be able to be used as gene vectors that will enable the genetic transformation of this important pest species. Significantly, the ability ofhoboto excise in this species is independent of the presence of an exogenous source ofhobotransposase, which suggests thatH. armigeramay possess an endogenoushobe‐like transposable elemen

ISSN:0962-1075    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2583.1996.tb00096.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractTermites (Order isoptera: Class Insecta), are comprised of a complex assemblage of species, with considerable variation in life history, morphology, social behaviour, caste development and ecology. At present, isoptera is divided into seven families, fourteen subfamilies, ∼ 270 genera and over 2000 species. Phylogenetic hypotheses currently available for termite families and genera are based on a limited number of morphological characters and lack rigorous cladistic analysis. In this paper we report on phylogenetic relationships among ten termite genera of five families based on a DNA sequence analysis of a portion of the mitochondrial 16S rRNA gene. Parsimony and distance analysis of DNA sequences supported the existing hypothesis that Mastotermitidae is the basal lineage among extant termites. Kalotermitidae was not found to be a sister taxon of Mastotermitidae as existing hypotheses suggest, but was most closely related to Rhinotermitidae and Termitidae. Representatives of Termopsidae were more basal relative to those of Kaiotermitidae. The utility of 16S rRNA nucieotide sequence analysis for inferring phylogenetic relationships among termite families, subfamilies and genera is discusse

ISSN:0962-1075    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2583.1996.tb00097.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractHymenopteran endoparasitoids produce nuclear secretions from ovarian glands, which are deposited into the host insect together with the egg, protecting the developing parasitoid against the host's defence reactions. In the ichneumonidVenturia canescens, virus‐like particies (VLPs), are attached to the egg surface and provide passive protection against encapsulation by the host. One of the four major particle proteins (p40) is expressed not only in the calyx gland but also in tissues that are not involved in particle production. The p40 coding DNA fromV. canescenswas cloned and sequenced. Within the coding DNA a tandem repeat sequence, coding for a putative proteolytic cleavage site of the PEST type, is rearranged in a significant portion of the wasp population. A corresponding polymorphism was also detected in the protein. The amino‐terminal region of the deduced protein contains a putative type II transmembrane domain. The carboxy‐terminal region shows similarity to the phosphoiipid hydroxyperoxide giutathione peroxidase (PHGPX) of vertebrates. A peroxidase function of the p40, although not ruled out, Is unlikely due to the absence of a reactive centre which is typical for many vertebrate peroxidases. The overall conservation of the hydropathic region is discussed in the context of the formation of the viral envelope and its possible function In the Immune prote

ISSN:0962-1075    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2583.1996.tb00098.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractWe have sequenced the complete coding region of thewhitegene ofLucilia cuprina. Strong sequence identity exists between this gene and its homologue fromDrosophila melanogasterat both nucleotide and derived amino acid levels (68% and 78% respectively). The exon/intron structure of the two genes is also largely conserved, although theLuciliagene contains one extra Won. Expression of the gene peaks during mid‐pupal stage, with secondary peaks in late larval and early adult stages. Comparisons between this and otherwhitegenes will contribute to a better understanding of ATP‐binding transmembrane transport proteins. Thewhitegene should also serve as a useful marker gene in the development of a gene transformation system for the sheep blow

ISSN:0962-1075    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2583.1996.tb00099.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractLittle is known about the composition and function of the mosquito peritrophic matrix (PM), a physical barrier that pathogens must traverse to complete their life cycles.Anopheies gambiaeandAedes aegyptiPM proteins induced by blood or by a protein‐free meal have been characterized by the use of 2‐D gel electrophoresis and lectin‐binding affinity assays. More than forty proteins have been identified in both species. Over half of the PM proteins of both mosquitoes migrate identically. Many PM proteins appear to be giycosylated, primarily by high mannoseN‐linked glycosyi

ISSN:0962-1075    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2583.1996.tb00100.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIn an Initial effort to understand the molecular mechanism of how low temperature induces sorbitol dehydrogenase gene expression in diapause eggs of the silkworm, the sorbitol dehydrogenase gene was isolafed from aBombyxgenomic library using a cDNA encoding theBombyxhomologue of mammalian sorbitol dehydrogenase as a probe. The gene extended for about 10 kb, consisting of eight exons and seven introns. Four TATA motifs were found In the 5′ upstream region of the gene, without CCAAT. AATTAA, instead of AATAAA, was localized in the upstream region of the polyadenylation site. Although a single copy of this gene was present per haploid genome, 1.2 kb and 1.1 kb transcripts were found from yolk cells in diapause eggs and from larval fat‐body cells, respectively. The two major transcription initiation sites corresponding to both transcripts were localized at 355 and 226 base pairs upstream from the translation start she, indicating an alternative use of promoter. The 5′‐upstream region of the gene contained a consensus sequence, TGA(A/T)AA(A/GIT), that has been found in insect genes expressed mainly in larval and pupal fat bodies. It also contained three kinds of sequences similar to cis‐elements recognized by members of the steroid receptor superfamily, suchaschicken ovalbumin upstream promoter transcription factor (COUP‐TF)/DrosophilaSeven up (SVP),Drosophilahormone receptor 39 (DHR39) andBombyxfushi tarazu transcriptional factor 1

ISSN:0962-1075    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2583.1996.tb00101.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractStudies of mitochondrial DNA sequences in a variety of animals have shown important differences between phyla, including differences in the genetic codes used, and varying constraints on base composition. In that respect, little is known of mites, an important and diversified group. We sequenced a portion (340 nt) of the cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) encoding gene in twenty species of phytophagous mites belonging to nine genera of the two families Tetranychidae and Tenuipalpidae. The mitochondrial genetic code used in mites appeared to be the same as in insects. As is generally also the case in insects, the mite sequences were very rich in A + T (75% on average), especially at the third codon position (94%). However, important variations of base composition were observed among mite species, one of them showing as little as 69% A + T. Variations of base composition occur mostly through synonymous transitions, and do not have detectable effects on polypeptide evolution in this group.

ISSN:0962-1075    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2583.1996.tb00102.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0962-1075    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2583.1996.tb00103.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0962-1075    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2583.1996.tb00104.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY