摘要:

In this paper a mathematical model is developed for determining the optimal number of inspections for multicharacteristic components where failure can be catastrophic. The model optimizes the expected total cost per accepted component resulting from (1) type I errors, (2) type II errors, (3) cost of added inspection, and (4) ordering of quality characteristics for inspection. The model considers components with several characteristics to be inspected. Failure to meet the quality requirements of any one characteristic results in the rejection of the component. Taking into consideration all three costs referred to above, a mathematical expression for expected total cost per accepted component is obtained. Also, an expression is developed for finding the optimal sequence of characteristic inspection. Finally, a computational procedure is outlined to determine the optimal sequence of characteristic inspection and the optimal number of inspections using the two expressions stated above.

ISSN:0740-817X    

DOI:10.1080/05695558308974633

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1983

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

In this article, the availability of a continuous system composed of two machines with intermediate storage, subject to random failures, is examined using the theory of stochastic processes. An analytical formula for the availability is derived whose behavior in the limit of very large and very small tanks is shown to be correct.

ISSN:0740-817X    

DOI:10.1080/05695558308974634

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1983

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

This paper presents a Markov chain approach for investigating the steady-state production capability of manufacturing systems in terms of specified reliability and maintainability characteristics. Three general classes of models are developed. The first model considers a system with only elements which cause the system to immediately shut down when the first failure happens; the second model considers a system with only elements which cannot be repaired while other elements are functioning; the third model considers a system with only elements which can be repaired while other elements are in operation.

ISSN:0740-817X    

DOI:10.1080/05695558308974635

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1983

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The mode - the most likely value—of the distribution of task times is proposed as the definition of the standard time in certain nonmanufacturing applications. Three objectives of the use of time standards are discussed: personnel motivation and control, short-term work scheduling, and medium-range manpower planning. While the mean is the appropriate measure for the second and third, the mode may be preferable for the first. The sampling distributions of two estimators of the mode of the gamma distribution are investigated. A definition based on the maximum likelihood estimators of the distributional parameters is relatively easy to implement and has a much smaller sampling variance than the Pearson mode.

ISSN:0740-817X    

DOI:10.1080/05695558308974636

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1983

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

This paper contains a description of a model and solution procedure for a class of resource allocation problems. The work was motivated by the task of allocating energy resources to areas of consumption in the copper processing industry, but is a generalization of the single-source transportation model and the generalized assignment model. A heuristic is presented which, for typical situations, finds solutions to within .1 to.2% of a theoretical lower bound. Computer time and storage requirements for this procedure are negligible. Conservative estimates indicate that savings greater than three quarters of a million dollars per year can be realized in one firm by using this procedure. It also provides accountability of energy usage and costs as well as giving management the ability to analyze a variety of “What-if” situations such as changes in price, availabilities of fuels, new contractual opportunities, and new regulatory policies.

ISSN:0740-817X    

DOI:10.1080/05695558308974637

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1983

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

In this paper I describe a consecutiveness rule for groupingNretailers intomgroups with independent single-cycle policies for each group which enables the creation of groups using a shortest-path approach. I also suggest a very efficient algorithm to compute the lot sizes for any single-cycle policy which can easily be incorporated into the shortest-path model for the creation ofmsingle-cycle groups.

ISSN:0740-817X    

DOI:10.1080/05695558308974638

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1983

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Open-shop scheduling, where the processing times of the operations constituting a job depend on the route by which it passes through the machines, is proved to be the master problem of which both open-shop and flow-shop scheduling are special cases. The two-machine, minimum-schedule-length case, where both open-shop and flow-shop scheduling problems belong toSP, is proved to be binaryTISP-complete under a route-dependent open-shop discipline. An0(n)algorithm is presented for a special case of the latter problem with a dominating machine.

ISSN:0740-817X    

DOI:10.1080/05695558308974639

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1983

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The economic lot scheduling problem (ELSP) involves specifying economic cycle times for each of several products produced by a set of machines. The extensive, usually experimentally based, literature on the ELSP indicates that it may be desirable to restrict the possible choice of cycle times for each product to a small and very structured set of possible cycle times. In this paper we examine the economic impacts of such a restriction and give evidence that is highly supportive of this type of restriction; in particular, the “powers of 2” sets of possible cycle times used in practice appear to be very desirable from an economic viewpoint.

ISSN:0740-817X    

DOI:10.1080/05695558308974640

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1983

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

An optimal algorithm for solving constrained minimax location problems has been previously reported, with the major limitation that only a single new service facility is allowed. Algorithmic extensions have now been developed and implemented on an advanced color-graphics system for the location of any number of new facilities to collectively serve the set of existing facilities. The minimax criterion is again considered for the optimization, and nonconvex constraint sets are permitted.

ISSN:0740-817X    

DOI:10.1080/05695558308974641

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1983

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The Tax Equity and Fiscal Responsibility Act of 1982 stipulates that taxpayers must apply one of two options to property which qualifies for the investment tax credit and is purchased after December 31, 1982. These options, according to the author's terminology, are:R, reduce the investment tax credit applied by 2% (e.g., from 10% to 8%); orU, leave the credit unreduced but subtract half the investment tax credit in determining the asset's depreciable basis. In this study the author examines the circumstances under which a particular option is advantageous to the taxpayer.

ISSN:0740-817X    

DOI:10.1080/05695558308974642

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1983

数据来源: Taylor