ISSN:0739-4462    

DOI:10.1002/arch.940270102

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractMas‐DP II, a recently identified 30 amino acid diuretic peptide isolated from the tobacco hornworm moth,Manduca sexta, was tested for its ability to increase fluid excretion in adultM. sexta, and for the ability to elevate the rate of fluid secretion from isolated Malpighian tubules cultured in vitro. Mas‐DP II was found to increase fluid weight loss from decapitated adult moths in a dose‐dependent manner; weight loss increased significantly at doses as low as 5 ng for female moths and 25 ng for male moths. Male moths injected with large doses of Mas‐DP II continued to exhibit increased rates of fluid loss up to 4 h post‐injection. In vitro, Mas‐DP II stimulated fluid secretion from isolated Malpighian tubules at concentrations as low as 4 nM for tubules from both male and female moths. © 1994 Wil

ISSN:0739-4462    

DOI:10.1002/arch.940270103

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractSynthesis of (10R)‐juvenile hormone III (JH III) outside the corpora allata (CA) was investigated in femaleAedes aegypti.Intact females or ligated abdomens of blood‐fed and sugar‐fed females synthesized in vivo [12‐3H]JH III‐like molecules from [12‐3H]‐methyl farnesoate, indicating that an organ(s) in the female abdomen, other than the CA, converted methyl farnesoate into JH III. To find out the organ(s) that synthesized JH III‐like molecules, ovaries, fat bodies, and midguts were incubated in vitro with [12‐3H]methyl farnesoate and the synthesis of JH III‐like molecules was compared with JH III synthesized by CA. To identify tissue(s) having both farnesoic acid methyl transferase and farnesoate epoxidase, enzymes that convert farnesoic acid into JH III, ovaries, and fat bodies were removed from sugar and blood‐fed females and incubated with [12‐3H]farnesoic acid. Chemical derivatization by methoxyhydrin formation followed by esterification with (+)‐α‐methoxy‐ α‐trifluoromethyl phenylacetic (MTPA) acid chloride and reversed phase liquid chromatography identified (10R)‐JH III methoxyhydrin (+)‐MTPA ester as the sole JH III‐like molecule produced in tissue culture incubation of ovaries. Since only (10R)‐JH III is produced and not racemic JH III, the oxidation of farnesoic acid must be enzymatically mediated. Ovaries and corpora allata of femaleA. aegyptialso synthesized [3H,14C]JH III from L‐[methyl‐3H]methionine and [14C]acetate which was characterized by HPLC and gas chromatography. These results suggest that mosquito ovary can synthesize (10R)‐JH III from farnesoic acid, and that this tissue synthesizes JH III‐like molecules from

ISSN:0739-4462    

DOI:10.1002/arch.940270104

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractTrypsin modulating oostatic factor (TMOF) was followed by RIA in the ovary of femaleAedes aegyptibefore and after the blood meal. The amount of TMOF in a pair of ovaries from females fed sugar for 3 days or blood for 24 h was low (1.7 ng). Between 24 and 48 h after the blood meal the amount of TMOF in the ovaries rapidly increased and reached a peak of 104 ng at 48 h. The amount of TMOF in the head of a femaleA. aegyptiwas very low (0.05 to 0.1 ng) during sugar and blood feeding. Immunocytochemical methodology identified the follicular epithelium as the site of biosynthesis of TMOF in the ovary. Females ovariectomized and fed a blood meal continued to synthesize trypsin for 64 h, whereas intact controls stopped at 40 h, indicating that a factor from the ovary regulates trypsin biosynthesis. Ovaries incubated in vitro with [3H]proline synthesized [pro‐3H]TMOF that was identified by HPLC and by anti‐TMOF serum. The ovary started to synthesize TMOF in vitro 24 h after the blood meal, and the synthesis reached a peak at 36 h and then declined. The synthesis of TMOF by the ovary is closely correlated with the termination of trypsin biosynthesis in the female mosquito's midgut. Ovaries that were pulsed with [3H]proline for 30 min synthesized [pro‐3H]TMOF which was chased into the medium with unlabeled proline, indicating that the hormone is secreted by the ovary. These results indicate that TMOF is a secretory peptide, synthesized by the ovarian follicular epithelium and that it modulates trypsin biosynthesis in the mosquito's gut. © 1994 Wiley‐L

ISSN:0739-4462    

DOI:10.1002/arch.940270105

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAlkyl ethers of methylenedioxy analogs of obtusastyrene or benzyl‐1,3‐benzodioxole derivatives (BBDs) and related benzylphenols have been shown to interfere with various phases of reproduction in insects. BBDs have also been shown to interfere with sex attractancy, to induce precocious development, and to antagonize juvenile hormone (JH) functions in insects. Because representative BBDs were reported to show low toxicity to mammals and to be negative in assays testing for potential mutagens, these compounds held much promise to be environmentally safe insect chemosterilants. The mode of action of BBDs does not involve blocking or competition for putative JH receptor sites on follicular cells or hemolymph JH binding proteins. However, BBDs were shown to interfere with (1) in vitro biosynthesis and release of JH from corpora allata of Mediterranean fruit fly females, and (2) microtubule assembly in insects. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.This article is a US Government work and, as such, is in the public domain in the United States of A

ISSN:0739-4462    

DOI:10.1002/arch.940270106

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractDevelopment and activity of the corpora allata (CA) were investigated in adult femaleBlattella germanicaandSupella longipalpa. These two cockroach species differ in their reproductive modes, with relatively uninterrupted cycles of oocyte development inS.longipalpaand discrete patterns of oocyte development which are interrupted by pregnancy inB. germanica. During ovarian cycles in both cockroach species, elevated rates of juvenile hormone (JH) synthesis closely coincide with synchronous volumetric growth of the CA. Declines in CA activity before ovulation coincide with synchronous declines in the size of CA cells. However, in adult females of both species the number of CA cells remains relatively constant. Quantitative studies in normal and ovariectomized adultB. germanicafemales show that the volumetric changes in CA cells are paced and synchronized by ovarian factors. Without the ovaries, the enlargement of CA cells in newly eclosed females is slower and relatively asynchronous. Without an ootheca in ovariectomized females, the volume of CA cells fails to decline synchronously, resulting in variable but high rates of JH synthesis. The precise relationship between volume of CA cells and‐JH biosynthesis in oviparous and viviparous cockroaches suggests that in cockroaches, cell volume, and not CA cell number, is a better predictor of JH biosynthetic activity. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss,

ISSN:0739-4462    

DOI:10.1002/arch.940270107

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIn the gypsy moth,Lymantria dispar, the release of sperm bundles from the testis into the upper vas deferens (UVD) is precisely timed within each 24 h period by a circadian mechanism located in the reproductive system. In males kept under light:dark cycles of 16:8, release of sperm bundles is limited to the 3 h period that starts before lights off. Sperm released from the testis remains in the UVD for about 12 h and then moves into the seminal vesicles, so that the UVD stays empty until the next cycle of sperm release begins. The rhythm of release appears to play a role in the terminal stages of sperm maturation and is essential for the fertility of males. Sperm bundles undergo substantial morphological changes during the release from the testis and while they are retained in the UVD. In this study, using gel electrophoresis, we compared protein patterns in sperm and in the UVD during the daily cycle of sperm release and maturation. Several protein bands evident in the sperm bundles contained in the testis were missing from the sperm bundles that had passed from the testis into the UVD. Furthermore, a number of new proteins appeared in the sperm bundles as they remained in the UVD. Some of these proteins appeared to be secreted from the UVD epithelium into the UVD lumen before being incorporated into sperm bundles. Correlations between changes in protein patterns and ultrastructural changes in sperm during the cycle of sperm release and maturation are discussed. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, I

ISSN:0739-4462    

DOI:10.1002/arch.940270108

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0739-4462    

DOI:10.1002/arch.940270101

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY