摘要:

AbstractEffects of hyperthermiain vitroon the atypical lymphocytes isolated from peripheral blood of a chronic lymphocytic lymphoma/leukemia patient were investigated. Incubation of the isolated lymphocytes at 43°C for 5 hr killed 15% of the cells, while more than 95% of the lymphocytes isolated from normal individuals and heated under the same conditions survived. Cultivation of the patient's lymphocytes at37°C for 4 days after heat treatment at 43°C for 5 hr resulted in a viability of less than 50%. Proliferative responses of the patient's lymphocytes to lectins showed 70% more inhibition than did the control when heated at 43°C for 1 hr and were abolished completely after 3 hr of hyperthermia. Although, in normal individuals, complete recovery of (3H)‐thymidine uptake of the lymphocytes heated at 43°C for 3 hr was observed after 4 days of cultivation at 37°C, this recovery did not occur in the patient's cells. Morphological changes in the atypical lymphocytes heated at 43°C for 3 hr occurred in the cytoplasmic organelles; in particular, enlargement of mitochondria, increased numbers of cytoplasmic granules and vesicles, probably derived from lysosomes, and hyperproduction of myelin sheath‐like structures around the nuclear membrane

ISSN:0385-2407    

DOI:10.1111/j.1346-8138.1987.tb03559.x

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractBy using111In‐labeled monoclonal antibody (ZME‐018) against human malignant melanoma, we examined its usefulness in radioimmunodetection of human melanoma xenografts in nude mice. Two human malignant melanoma cell lines were used in this study, KHm‐1/4; and KHm‐3/ps. KHm‐1/4 cells express melanoma‐associated antigen which is reactive with ZME‐018, whereas KHm‐3/ps cells do not. ZME‐018 was conjugated with DTPA (diethylene triamine pentaacetic acid) first; then the conjugate was labeled with111In. After these procedures, labeled ZME‐018 retained its binding activity against KHm‐1/4 cellsin vitro.Nude mice, bearing melenoma xenografts started from injections into the right hind legs, were i.p. or i.v. injected with ∽300 μCi (60 μg) of labeled ZME‐018. Tumor images were taken with gamma camera at 24 hr intervals. Clear tumor images were obtained by 24 hrs after injection. The best imaging was obtained at 72 hrs with no background of internal organs. Specific localization was confirmed by the absence of imaging in the mice which received free111In only and also by using control mice bearing antigen‐negative melanoma cells (KHm‐3/PS). An example of tissue distribution of the labeled antibody in terms of tumor to tissue ratio at day 3 is as follows: tumor/intestine; 20/1, tumor/liver; 10/1, tumor/blood; 8/1, tumor/muscle; 8/1, tumor/heart; 3/1, tumor/kidney; 2/1.This study demonstrates the future applicability of111In‐labeled monoclonal anti‐melanoma antibody for radioimmunodetection of meta

ISSN:0385-2407    

DOI:10.1111/j.1346-8138.1987.tb03560.x

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe expression of a melanoma‐associated antigen (MAA), p97, on the cell surfaces of five human melanoma cell lines was investigated with the recently developed mixed passive hemagglutination (MPHA) method. Two of these lines, HMV‐I and HMV‐II, were subclones separated by cloning from a common original cell line. In all cell lines except HMV‐I, definite expression of p97 antigen was detected in MPHA However, virtually no expression of the antigen was observed in the HMV‐I cell line. These results were confirmed by immunoelectron microscopic study. The present study is meaningful for the following two reasons. First, it was shown that MPHA is a sensitive and conventional method for detection of tumor‐associated surface antigens on cultured neoplastic cells. Second, this is the first report of clonal variation in expression of p97 antigen between subclones of a human melanoma cell line. Clonal variation in expression of a MAA as shown in the present study may cause serious problems when a monoclonal antibody is used for immunodiagnosis or im

ISSN:0385-2407    

DOI:10.1111/j.1346-8138.1987.tb03561.x

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIn order to evaluate the charge‐selective filter function of basement membranes (BMs), electrostatic properties of anionic sites on the BMs of dermo‐epidermal junction were compared with those of the nuclear (the thick capillary wall) and the attenuated (the thin capillary wall) portions of capillary and other small blood vessels by determining salt concentrations required to remove ruthenium red from these BMs of the rat skin previously perfused with the cationic dye. The concentration of NaCl which was required to remove ruthenium red was more than 1.4M for the attenuated portion of capillary and only 1.2M for the other BMs, indicating that the former is more highly negatively charged than the latter. It is suggested that the BM of the attenuated portion of the capillary expedites the charge‐selective exchange of macromolecules more effectively than the othe

ISSN:0385-2407    

DOI:10.1111/j.1346-8138.1987.tb03562.x

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractCrude skin sulfhydryl oxidase was independently isolated from the living cell layer, the granular cell layer, and the lower living cell layer (spinous and basal) of cow snout. The properties of this enzyme were subsequendy investigated. The addition of 1 mM CuCl2and FeCl2stimulated the enzyme activity to 216% and 166% of the initial activity, respectively. Neither CaCl2nor MgCl2had much effect on the activity, and ZnCl2inhibited it. Diethyldithiocarbamate (DEDTC), a copper ion chelating agent, inhibited the activity in a dose and pre‐incubation time‐dependent manner: however, other divalent cation chelators such as EDTA, EGTA, o‐phenanthrolin and α,α'‐dipyridyl did not have any effect on the enzyme's behavior. From these findings, it was determined that Cu2+was essential for the activity of skin sulfhydryl oxidase. This enzyme was stimulated to 130–150% of its initial activity by treatment with 1 mg/ml trypsin, chymotrypsin or urokinase but was not affected by plasmin, elastase or cathepsin D. Trypsin treatment enhanced the activity in a dose and treatment‐time dependent manner. Skin sulfhydryl oxidase from the lower living cell layer (spinous and basal) was more highly activated by trypsin treatment than was that from the granular cell layer. These findings suggest that this enzyme may be activated by some kind of serine proteases during the keratinocytes autolysis process in the granul

ISSN:0385-2407    

DOI:10.1111/j.1346-8138.1987.tb03563.x

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractSuperoxide dismutase (SOD), which catalytically scavenges superoxide anion (O–2), constitutes an essential defense against the toxicity of oxygen. We investigated the enzyme activity of pig skin epidermis. SOD activity was determined by monitoring the inhibitory effect of SOD on red formazan formation from neotetrazolium, which depends on (O–2) generation. (O–2) was generated by the hypoxanthine‐xanthine oxidase reaction. Pig epidermis contained significant amounts of heat‐labile SOD activity which was proportional to the added epidermal homogenate. The optimal pH of the reaction was between pH 8.2 and 8.5. Metallochelating agents such as cyanide, sodium azide, and diethyldithiocarbamate (DDC) inhibited the epidermal SOD activity in a dose‐dependent manner. It has been known that two types of SOD, a Cu, Zn‐type and a Mn‐type, are present in eukaryotes; that the latter is insensitive to cyanide inhibition. Using this property, the main SOD present in the epidermis was hypothesized to be the Cu, Zn‐type (8.6 ±1.1 unit/mg protein; around 75%); the Mn‐type was a minor component (2.8 ± 0.2 unit/mg protein; around 25%). SOD staining following acrylamide disc gel electrophoresis revealed two epidermal SOD bands, one of which was abolished by the addition of cyanide. These results are consistent with the view that pig epidermis contains two types of SOD, a Cu, Zn‐type and a Mn‐type; the former

ISSN:0385-2407    

DOI:10.1111/j.1346-8138.1987.tb03564.x

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe effect ofin vivocyclophosphamide (Cy) treatment on thein vitroconcanavalin A (ConA) response of murine spleen cells was investigated. The ConA dose‐response of the spleen cells in their regenerating phase—7 days after an injection of a sublethal dose (200 mg/kg) of Cy—was significantly different from that of normal spleen cells (N‐SCs); the high‐dose ConA response remarkably increased and the low‐dose ConA response decreased in the spleen cells (Cy‐SCs) taken 7 days after Cy treatment The phenotype of the responder cells in the ConA response of Cy‐SCs was Thy‐1+and Lyt‐l+2−, the same T subset involved in the ConA response of N‐SCs. Removal of glass wool‐adherent cells from the N‐SCs did not have the same effect as Cy treatment on the ConA dose‐response, and addition of N‐SCs did not suppress an increased response of the Cy‐SCs to high‐doses of ConA.These results indicate that this alteration in the ConA dose‐response induced byin vivoCy treatment cannot be explained by a decrease in the number of Cy‐sensitive regulatory cells. However, although the ConA response of Cy‐SCs was not affected either by depletion of Sephadex G‐10 adherent cells with a G‐10 column or by depletion of Ia positive cells with anti‐Ia plus complement‐mediated lysis, the ConA response of N‐SCs was inhibited remarkably by both procedures. Furthermore, addition of anti‐Ia antibodies to the cultures decreased the ConA response of N‐SCs, but did not affect the ConA response of Cy‐SCs. Apparently, Lyt‐1+2−T cells in the regenerating phase (on day 7) after Cy treatment required high doses of ConA, but neither the Ia molecule itself nor the Ia+G‐10 adherent accessory cells (ACs) for maximum stimulation. Therefore, the change in ConA dose‐response induced by Cy treatment on day 7 is thought to be caused by alteration of ConA responsiveness of the regenerating Lyt‐l+2−T

ISSN:0385-2407    

DOI:10.1111/j.1346-8138.1987.tb03565.x

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe association between psoriasis and several antigens of the HLA system is well established. Factor B of the alternative pathway of complement activation is one of the complement components known to be controlled by a structural gene within the HLA chromosomal region. We investigated the genetic polymorphism of factor B (BF) in 69 Japanese psoriatic patients. By comparing the results with the BF phenotypes of 487 control subjects, we found significantly decreased frequencies of both theBF*Fallele (0.01

ISSN:0385-2407    

DOI:10.1111/j.1346-8138.1987.tb03566.x

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIntravenous administration of latamoxef sodium (LMOX) induced a false‐positive Thormählen test. When LMOX‐containing urine was alkalinized, the LMOX appeared to dissociate into N‐methyltetrazolthiol (N‐MTT) and a remainder. After subsequent purification of the Thormählen‐positive fraction with methyl ethyl ketone and twice repeated preparative thin‐layer chromatographies (PTLC), a crystalline residue was obtained. It was found to be almost identical to N‐MTT in high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) pattern and

ISSN:0385-2407    

DOI:10.1111/j.1346-8138.1987.tb03567.x

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractTwo‐hundred and seventy‐nine isolates ofMicrosporum canisobtained from Japanese human ringworm cases in Hokkaido prefecture during the past 5 years were paired with either theNannizzia otae(+) or (–) tester strain by the standard hair soil plate technique. Among the 279M. canisisolates, 257 were (–) mating type, 8 were (+) and 14 were nonreactive. Our results are in accord with the current view that the predominant strain ofM. canisin Japan (or in the world) is the (–) mating type strain. However, contrary to the previous assumption, the (+) mating type strain was not as rare as expected (3% of the total successful mating strains), at least in Hokkaido prefecture.TheN. otae(+) strain might also have an unequal geographic distribution, since 10 out of the 12 isolates of theN. otae(+) strain so far reported have originated from Hokkaido p

ISSN:0385-2407    

DOI:10.1111/j.1346-8138.1987.tb03568.x

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY