摘要:

AbstractThe effect of epidermal factors on the collagenase activity of epidermolysis bullosa (EB) fibroblasts was examined. The epidermal extract obtained from a surgical scar strikingly stimulated the collagenase activity by fibroblasts to 2.55–3.07 U/ml (EB dystrophica recessiva, EBDR) and 1.67–2.03 U/ml (EB dystrophica dominans, EBDD), compared with 0.02–0.07 U/ml (EBDR) and 0–0.04 U/ml (EBDD) in the absence of the factor. Murine epidermal cell‐conditioned medium also enhanced the enzyme activity to 1.37–1.41 U/ml (EBDR) and 0.30–0.94 U/ml (EBDD). These results indicate that the epidermal factors, possibly interleukin‐1, may regulate collagenase metabolism in EB. Interleukin‐1‐positive cells were also observed immunohistochemically in the epidermis of EB. Therefore, the present data support the possibility that epidermis may be directly or indirectly involved in altering collagenase synthesi

ISSN:0385-2407    

DOI:10.1111/j.1346-8138.1988.tb03693.x

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractRestriction enzyme analysis to determine the divergence of the gene organization and the restriction fragment length polymorphism in four patients with two types of hereditary palmoplantar keratoderma revealed that the gene organization of 67K keratin was conserved in all cases. No restriction enzyme fragement length polymorphism was observed in a family of the Vörner type (Epidermolytic hereditary palmoplantar keratoderma) nor in a family of the Unna‐Thost type.Total southern blotting analysis of both patients and controls showed the same pattern of bands; digestion withBamHI revealed 16.5 Kilo base pairs (Kbp) and 8.5 Kbp, whereas double digestion withBamHI andEcoRI showed bands of 7.2 Kbp and 4.5 Kbp, and that withBamHI andSphI gave 6.0 Kbp and 1.7 Kbp.These results indicate that abnormalities in the keratin pattern, especially a decrease in the amount of higher molecular weight keratin in Vörner type palmoplantar hyperkeratosis, are not due to changes in the gene organization, such as insertion and/or deletion in the 67K keratin gene, and that there is no polymorphism around the 67K keratin gene of either t

ISSN:0385-2407    

DOI:10.1111/j.1346-8138.1988.tb03694.x

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractPsoriatic scales contain polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN) chemotactic factors which presumably are responsible for transepidermal PMN chemotaxis in psoriatic lesions. On molecular sieve chromatography, psoriatic scale extracts revealed PMN chemotactic activity in the peptide fractions eluted near 12 kDa in addition to low molecular weight (MW) chemotactic fractions. PMN chemotactic peptides with MW around 12 kDa that contain a C5‐cleavage product have been characterized as a unique major chemotactic factor in the aqueous components. On the other hand, it is uncertain whether or not lipid‐soluble low MW chemotactic factors,i.e., leukotriene B4(LTB4) and its related compound 12‐hydroxy‐5,8,10,14‐eicosatetraenoic acid (12‐HETE), play major roles as PMN chemoattractants. In the present study, we found that the chemotactic activity in the aqueous psoriatic extracts was much higher than that in the organic extracts. Chemotactic activity in the low MW chemotactic fractions of psoriatic scale extracts, about half of which was recovered after extraction with ether at acidic pH, was heat‐stable (100°C) and withstood protease digestion, but was partially inactivated by treatment with trypsin. Immunoreactive LTB4was demonstrated in these fractions. The previous findings and the present results suggest that the lipid‐soluble chemotactic factors, LTB4and 12‐HETE, which constitute the low MW fraction of the psoriatic scale extracts, do not play as major a role as a PMN chemoattractants as do the chemotactic

ISSN:0385-2407    

DOI:10.1111/j.1346-8138.1988.tb03695.x

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAcid cholesterol esterase (ACE) activity was assayed in the 10,000×g pellet from infiltrating cells isolated from experimental rabbit xanthoma tissues. Skin specimens were obtained from sites of intradermal dextran sulfate injections on a normolipemic rabbit (NLR) and a diet‐induced hypercholesterolemic rabbit (HCR). Most infiltrating cells were histiocytes or foam cells. Histiocytes from the NLR did not accumulate cholesteryl esters after the injections. Accumulation of cholesteryl esters in the xanthoma tissues of the HCR increased after repeating the injections at the same site. The ACE activity was greater in the cholesteryl ester‐accumulated foam cells than in histiocytes. The enzyme activity in the foam cells decreased during the developmental course of cholesteryl ester accumulation. These findings indicate that lysosomal ACE is activated and hydrolyzes the internalized cholesteryl esters of serum lipoprotein origin in the histiocytes which are transforming into foam cells. However, the enzyme activity decreases when too much of the cholesteryl esters has accumulated in the foam c

ISSN:0385-2407    

DOI:10.1111/j.1346-8138.1988.tb03696.x

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe 1,25‐dihydroxyvitamin D3[1,25‐(OH)2D3] receptors in fresh layers of rat epidermis and dermis were compared after separation of the two layers by treatment with dispase. After 18 h treatment with 500 U/ml dispase, the epidermal sheet was easily peeled from the dermis with forceps, without dissociation of keratinocytes. The cytotoxicity of dispase was very low. A specific binding protein for 1,25‐(OH)2D3, with a sedimentation coefficient of 3.2 S on a sucrose density gradient, was demonstrated in both layers of fresh rat skin. Scatchard analyses of cytosol binding to the hormone gave affinity constants of 0.09 ± 0.06 (mean ± SE) nM and 0.38 ±0.19 nM and binding capacities of 17.5 ± 0.5 and 14.5 ± 3.0 fmol/mg protein for the epidermis and dermis, respectively. This procedure allows simultaneous determinations of the receptor statuses of the epidermis and dermis from the same skin sample under various

ISSN:0385-2407    

DOI:10.1111/j.1346-8138.1988.tb03697.x

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractOur previous report showed the inhibitory action of cepharanthin on oxygen‐derived free radical production by polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN). In the present study, we examined the effects of cepharanthin on production of superoxide anion (O2–), one oxygen radical, by macrophagesin vitroandin vivo.Phorbol myristate acetate‐induced O2–production by mouse peritoneal exudate cells (PEC), whose constituent cell types were identified as macrophages, lymphocytes, and PMN (75, 20, and less than 5%, respectively), was measured by ferricytochrome C reduction assay. Superoxide anion production by PEC, which depended mainly on the macrophage component, was inhibited 34% by 5μg/ml cepharanthin and 85% by 50μg/ml. These results indicate that cepharanthin suppresses O2–production by macrophages as well as by PMN. The fact that no inhibition of O2–by a xanthine‐xanthine oxidase system was observed indicates that cepharanthin is not a scavenger of O2–.Carrageenan‐induced paw edema is due to the activity of macrophages. Participation of O2–and other oxygen radicals is implicated in this edema, because the swelling is inhibited by administration of superoxide dismutase. The effects of cepharanthin on O2–production by macrophages was examined using this experimental system in mice. However, no significant inhibition of the edema by ce

ISSN:0385-2407    

DOI:10.1111/j.1346-8138.1988.tb03698.x

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe distribution of various cytokeratins in human eccrine sweat gland epithelia was studied using the antikeratin monoclonal antibodies KL1, CK 8.12, CK 8.60, PKK2, CK 8.13, CK 4.62 and RPN 1160. Immunocytochemical techniques were performed according to a standard alkaline phosphatase and monoclonal anti‐alkaline phosphatase (APAAP) method.Specific patterns of cytokeratins were found in each of the cell types that constitute the three anatomical areas of the gland. Luminal cells in the intradermal duct displayed the same labeling patterns as inner cells in the acrosyringium. Moreover, identical labeling patterns were found in the outer cells in the acrosyringium and the prickle cells in the interfollicular epidermis. Characteristically, CK 8.60, which expresses cytokeratin 10/11, labeled only in the upper ductal portion of the eccrine sweat gland, and cytokeratin 18, which is specifically recognized by RPN 1160, was present only in the secretory cells in the secretory portion. In addition, cytokeratin 19, recognized by CK 4.62, was present in the cells of the secretory portion, luminal cells, and inner cells. Distinctive cytokeratin antigenicity was also found in the inner cells of the interfollicular epidermis.Our results showed that 1) distinct cell types of the human sweat gland express different cytokeratin contents; 2) some of these cells present common cytokeratin types, most probably a cytogenetic expression reflecting related origin; 3) the application of various antikeratin monoclonal antibodies may be useful in determining the origin of tumors derived from the eccrine sweat glan

ISSN:0385-2407    

DOI:10.1111/j.1346-8138.1988.tb03699.x

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe distribution of Iakantigens on suspended epidermal cells prepared from C3H/He mice by trypsinizing their ear skin was examined by the scanning immunoelectron microscopic method using antibody against the antigen and antibody bacteriophage T4 conjugates as a visual marker. Iakantigens were found to be distributed diffusely over a cell type with a relatively flat shape and a number of microvilli and ruffles. These cells are considered to be Langerhans cells. Significance of these findings is discussed.

ISSN:0385-2407    

DOI:10.1111/j.1346-8138.1988.tb03700.x

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractNonenzymatic glycosylation of protein may play some role in the development of diabetic complications. To study the association of nonenzymatically glycosylated protein in keratinized tissues with the prevalence of cutaneous manifestations frequently observed in diabetics, we measured furosine values of stratum corneum, nail and hair from 61 diabetics and assessed their cutaneous manifestations. The manifestation most frequently found in this study was 10 cases of pigmented pretibial patches. We did not detect significant correlations between the prevalence of any cutaneous manifestations and furosine values of any keratinized tissues. However, 11 of the 17 patients with yellow nail showed high nail furosine values. Our data suggest that nonenzymatically glycosylated protein levels in the keratinized tissues do not correlate with the prevalence of cutaneous manifestations in diabetics, but do not exclude a role in the formation of yellow nail.

ISSN:0385-2407    

DOI:10.1111/j.1346-8138.1988.tb03701.x

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIn studies of physiological roles of lipid peroxide in cutaneous tissue, we examined serum lipid peroxide levels in 199 patients with various dermatoses such as psoriasis, eczema/prurigo, alopecia, bullous disorders, acne/seborrheic dermatitis, atopic dermatitis, SLE, urticaria, progressive systemic sclerosis, generalized morphea, and herpes zoster, by using the TBA (thiobarbituric acid) method and a new assay technique, called the MCDP (methyl carbamoyl‐dimethylamino phenothiazine)‐Hb method. The following results were obtained. By the TBA method, statistically significantly high serum lipid peroxide levels were noted in patients with psoriasis, eczema/prurigo, alopecia, SLE and generalized morphea. By the MCDP‐Hb method, similarly high levels were found in patients with alopecia and atopic dermatitis, compared with those of the control group. The discrepancy between the results from the TBA and the MCDP‐Hb methods is thought to be due to the fact that TBA method measures a secondary product of lipid peroxide, malondialdehyde, whereas the MCDP‐Hb method measures lipid hydroperoxide itself.These results suggest some involvement of lipid peroxidation in the pathogenesis or, at least, in the enhancement and modification of the symptoms in these d

ISSN:0385-2407    

DOI:10.1111/j.1346-8138.1988.tb03702.x

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY