摘要:

AbstractSince the first demonstration of antibodies in sera of pemphigus patients by immunofluorescence in 1964, dermatology has become one of the leading clinical specialities applying immunohistochemical methods for both research and current diagnosis. The first step has been the study of Ig deposits in autoimmune or other immunologically related skin diseases such as, for example, pemphigus, pemphigoid, D.H. and L.E.In fact, the diagnosis of autoimmune diseases is no longer the only field of immunohistochemistry. More recently, IHC has been applied to a new field, the study of skin components, cell surface antigens, molecules, and fibers such as collagen, keratin, and cellular cyto‐skeleton (1).The indicators for studying skin antigens are the corresponding antibodies. Autoantibodies reactive with the epidermis have facilitated the study of skin structures in normal as well as in diseased skin. Nevertheless, the field of such studies remained limited because few antisera were available. In a large majority of cases, antigens were unknown and nonbiochemically studied. Therefore, attempts have been made to produce heterologous conventional antisera against various components of the skin. For example, in 1980 (2) J. Viac in our group produced antikeratin antisera by immunizing guinea pig and rabbits with either whole keratin or polypeptidic bands isolated on polyacrylamid gels. Such antibodies recognized different antigenic species of keratins and provided a good method for studying normal epithelia and tumors. Conventional polyclonal antisera, however, have some disadvantages. They may lack specificity and vary a great deal, even though the same immunogens are used for their production. In fact, many polyclonal antisera are available and may be used for keratin and other filaments such as actin, vimentin, and myosin and for fibrous proteins such as laminin, fibronectin, collagens, and amyloid.Until recently, there has been only slow progress in the methods for producing specific antibodies. In 1975, Köhler and Milstein described a fundamentally new approach: the production of antibodies by somatic cell hybridization of antibody‐forming cells and continuously replicating cell lines. This technique has allowed preparation of virtually unlimited quantities of antibodies that are chemically, physically, and immunologically completely homogeneous (3–5).MCA have become some of the most widely utilized tools for immunological research. An explosion of MCA makes them available for use in cutaneous immunopathology and the field of application is enlarging very quickly.In this article, some aspects of the production methods of utilization and examples of applications of MCA in cutaneous immunohistochemistry will be dis

ISSN:0385-2407    

DOI:10.1111/j.1346-8138.1986.tb02949.x

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractSulfated proteoglycans of hypertrophic scar (6 months old after a burn) were extracted with 6 M hot urea, 0.02 M phosphate buffer, pH 7.0, containing protease inhibitors. Two types of proteoglycans, dermatan sulfate proteoglycans and chondroitinsulfate rich proteoglycans, were recovered. The dermatan sulfate proteoglycans, which are capable of binding to concanavalin A, were composed of Mr=53000 core protein and iduronate rich dermatan sulfate. The chondroitin sulfate rich proteoglycans did not bind to concanavalin A but had the same size core proteins as the dermatan sulfate proteoglycans, based on SDS‐polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The tryptic peptide mappings showed that the core proteins from dermatan sulfate have the same structural sequences as those from chondroitin sulfate rich proteoglycan

ISSN:0385-2407    

DOI:10.1111/j.1346-8138.1986.tb02950.x

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThree atopic siblings with sequential primary herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection on their eczematous lesions following their father's recurrent herpes labialis were presented. Eczema herpeticum was diagnosed on the basis of their characteristic grouped umbilicated vesicles superimposed on pre‐existing atopic eczematous lesions. HSV type 1 was identified from the three patients' Tzanck smears and viral isolation of vesicular contents by monoclonal antibodies. The skin lesions faded spontaneously in the first case, although this elder brother did not receive any antiviral treatment. Later, he developed mild recurrence of skin lesions on his extremities. His younger twin sisters were treated with systemic acyclovir and no recurrences occurred during 2 years of follow up. All of them developed anti‐HSV antibody about 7 to 14 days after clinical onset. Acyclovir seems to be an effective antiviral agent in treating eczema herpeticum and reducing subsequent recurrences after primary herpes simplex virus infect

ISSN:0385-2407    

DOI:10.1111/j.1346-8138.1986.tb02951.x

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe possibility of fine structural deformation related to skin biopsy and the subsequent immersion fixation procedure were investigated, because little attention has yet been focused on artifacts of the dermal microvasculature.Contraction of the material following biopsy removal was marked in skin regions with thin epidermis and resulted in capillary collapse. As the collapse of the vessels increased, lining cells became thicker and more rugged, endothelial fenestrations disappeared, and 10 nm filaments aggregated. Simultaneously, perivascular connective tissue material was separated from the dermal element in which the vessels were embedded and appeared as a homogenous areola around the endothelial tube. Basal lamina appeared folded and partially multilaminated around the vascular circumference, particularly in the venous segment of the microvasculature; these are considered to be the definite characteristics of dermal capillaries. In contrast to the skin regions with thin epidermis, the vessels in “well developed” dermal papillae did not collapse and bore close similarities to the perfused ones. The present study indicates that most of the so‐called characteristics of dermal capillaries in biopsy skin is attributable to artifacts following the removal of the skin before fix

ISSN:0385-2407    

DOI:10.1111/j.1346-8138.1986.tb02952.x

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractDNA polymerases are known to play important roles in DNA replication and repair processes. The present study revealed that the DNA polymeraseαandβparticipate in the cell differentiation of normal and n‐hexadecane‐induced hyperplastic epidermis of the guinea pigs. The epidermal cells were separated into three layers; high (HDCL), middle (MDCL), and low (LDCL) density cell layer, respectively, by Percoll gradient centrifugation. In epidermal homogenate, the activity of DNA polymeraseβwas higher than that of DNA polymeraseα. DNA polymeraseαactivity was higher in the HDCL than in the other layers; however, DNA polymeraseβwas higher in the LDCL than in the other layers. In hyperplastic epidermis, distribution of DNA polymeraseαactivity was similar to the normal pattern, but DNA polymeraseβwas lower in the LDCL than in the other layers. The distribution of DNA polymeraseαactivity in epidermal nuclei was similar to that of the whole epidermal cell pattern; however, DNA polymeraseβactivity differed from the enzyme distribution of whole epidermal cell homogenate. Its activity was higher in the HDCL than in the other layers. In hyperplastic epidermis, both nuclear DNA polymeraseαandβactivities were similar to the distribution patterns of polymerase activities in hyperplastic epidermal cells. From these results, it is concluded that the distribution pattern of DNA polymerases in n‐hexadecane induced‐hyperplastic epidermis is not a simple augmentation of the distribution pattern

ISSN:0385-2407    

DOI:10.1111/j.1346-8138.1986.tb02953.x

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractDelta‐aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (ALA‐D) is a enzyme that participates in the pathway fromδ‐aminolevulinic acid (ALA) to porphobilinogen (PBG). This enzyme is relatively easy to analyze because erythrocytes can be utilized as the sample. However, it is not completely understood what kinds of abnormality in porphyrin metabolism influence ALA‐D activity, and it has few clinical applications.To elucidate the regulation ofδ‐aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (ALA‐D) activity, we compared the ALA‐D activity and protoporphyrin levels in erythrocytes among three different species. The values for erythrocyte ALA‐D activity were highest in the guinea pig, followed by man and the mouse. Erythrocyte protoporphyrin levels showed a similar tendency. A definite correlation exists between ALA‐D activity and protoporphyrin levels in erythrocytes. From this data, it is speculated that ALA‐D activity in normal metabolism is a mar

ISSN:0385-2407    

DOI:10.1111/j.1346-8138.1986.tb02954.x

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractBetween November of 1977 and April of 1985, 15 cases of acute radiodermatitis and 28 cases of chronic radiodermatitis were studied at Miyazaki Medical College. All cases of acute radiodermatitis were preceded by malignancies and radiotherapy; 17 cases of chronic radiodermatitis were seen after radiotherapy for benign conditions and 7 cases were seen after radiotherapy for malignant conditions. The other 4 cases of chronic radiodermatitis were of occupational origin. Chronic radiodermatitis studied histologically in 23 cases revealed the following findings; atypia in the epidermis in 9 cases (poikilodermatous lesions showed the least atypia), intraepidermal carcinoma in 6 cases, squamous cell carcinoma in 7 cases, and malignant fibrous histiocytoma in one case.

ISSN:0385-2407    

DOI:10.1111/j.1346-8138.1986.tb02955.x

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractFrozen sections from squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs), basal cell carcinomas (BCCs), precancerous lesions (P.C.) and normal skin adjacent to lesions (N.S.) were studied by indirect immunoperoxidase for the detection of epithelial membrane antigen (EMA) and by PAP (peroxidase‐antiperoxidase) for total keratin (T.K.) and laminin (LM) to determine the significance of the appearance of neoantigens and the behavior of normal epidermal antigens during the process of carcinogenesis of the skin. Significant antigenic differences in all three antigens were revealed between SCCs and BCCs in the epidermis (EP) and tumor islands (T.I.). There were also significant differences in total keratin and laminin between SCC's and N.S. epidermis. SCCs did not show any significant differences in EMA from P.C. lesions, but T.K. was lower in P.C. lesions than in normal ski

ISSN:0385-2407    

DOI:10.1111/j.1346-8138.1986.tb02956.x

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractWe report a case of a 77‐year‐old man with staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome (SSSS). The patient, who had no physical abnormalities other than herpes zoster, showed intact humoral and cellular immunity. A 3‐ and 1‐phage group strain ofStaphylococcus aureuswas isolated from an unruptured pustule of the herpes zoster lesion, but not from the throat. Inoculation of the isolated bacterium into newborn mice produced a characteristic Nikolsky sign. Histological diagnosis of SSSS was established by findings of intraepithelial cleavage through the stratum granulosum and a lack of inflammatory cells in both dermis and epidermis. After a ten‐day course of oral cefaclor (250 mg every 8 hours) and topical triamcinolone acetonide containing fradiomycin and gramycidin J, the patient recovered completely. The patient left the hospital without any scars other than those of herp

ISSN:0385-2407    

DOI:10.1111/j.1346-8138.1986.tb02957.x

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA case of acantholytic squamous cell carcinoma in the middle of the forehead of a 102‐year‐old Japanese woman is reported. The tumor mass had infiltrated toward the subcutaneous fatty tissue and had tubular structures composed of atypical squamous cells in numerous places. At the border of the tumor, there were histological features of the acantholytic type of solar keratosis, and apparent solar elastosis was observed beneath the normal epidermis surrounding the tumor mass. Metastases to regional lymph nodes occurred a year and a half after excision of the tumor and the patient d

ISSN:0385-2407    

DOI:10.1111/j.1346-8138.1986.tb02958.x

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY