摘要:

Computer programs for layout planning are used in a minority of cases and an; often found only marginally useful. This paper identifies several limitations in mainstream computer approaches and suggests four main areas requiring further work. The facilities offerred by a prototype integrated package for layout planning analysis are described and the use of interactive graphics for layout planning are reviewed. The paper suggests that the way ahead in computer-aided layout planning lies in integrating these techniques within a powerful computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacture system.

ISSN:0020-7543    

DOI:10.1080/00207548008919668

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1980

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

An adequate and economic automation of production plants demands standardized and transferable solutions especially as far as computer controlled production is concerned. New developments of hardware and software components offer potential users extendable systems which, depending on the degree of extension, are capable of coping with both the technical and the organizational information flow within the production plant. In course of research developments concerned with the automation of production installation, a DNC-system was. first built using standardized process peripherals (CAMAC) and modular process control software written in a high-level language (PROCESS-FORTRAN) and later implemented in industry.

ISSN:0020-7543    

DOI:10.1080/00207548008919669

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1980

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

In this paper the entity is defined as the constituent unit of the work group. Actually the entity means the individual worker, supervisor, or task. These entities have respectively their attributes and also contribute to the effectiveness of the design of the work group. Similar types of entities are constructed by considering the interrelations between attributes and effectiveness.

ISSN:0020-7543    

DOI:10.1080/00207548008919670

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1980

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The ageing process was studied by means of the changes in the aptitude measured by the general vocational aptitude test constructed by the Japan Labour Ministry. The aptitudes were classified in terms of three activities, viz. analytical, synthetic and motion. Four groups of subjects participated in the study: 271 male manual workers aged 20-59; 111 male non-manual workers aged 20-59; 196 male and female university students aged 18-19; and 123 male and female junior high school students aged 13-15. Changes with age were observed in the scores, in the activity balance diagram and in the time required for the basic motion (therblig).

ISSN:0020-7543    

DOI:10.1080/00207548008919671

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1980

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

In the quality control system, most of the information for decision making and problem solving can be obtained by inspection activities. Therefore, the inspection work should be organized to maximize meeting the quality objectives. It has already been publicized that data obtained from measurement of inspection performance will supply an effective basis for assessment and design of the inspection station and inspection job. This paper is intended to report on a case study of measurement of inspection performance conducted for the assessment and design of an inspection job in a manufacturing company. Quality control specialists selected three groups of items having representative deficiencies under routine inspection, inspected as inspection job samples. They had individual inspectors inspect each sample to obtain data consisting of the rate of defects detected out of all the defects, and the proportion of erroneous findings in the total number of findings by each inspector. Thus they identified many problems in the inspection job to be corrected to enhance the inspection accuracy. Appropriate action was taken to remedy the situation. In the first place, the inspection job was redesigned. In the second, the method of training inspectors was reviewed and modified. As a result, the probability of defects passing the inspection undetected was greatly reduced.

ISSN:0020-7543    

DOI:10.1080/00207548008919672

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1980

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Existing methods are reviewed and new heuristics examined and developed for the flow-shop scheduling problem. Comparative tests are carried out using simulation methods on different sizes of problem and with different variability of processing time data. New heuristic scheduling rules are determined which give high performance for flow-shop scheduling where there is (i) no job-passing and (ii) no job-waiting.

ISSN:0020-7543    

DOI:10.1080/00207548008919673

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1980

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

When production orders are initiated by an inventory control system the production load daring a given time period can be looked upon as a random variable. When order quantities are large the variations in production load can be a severe problem. One way to smooth the variations in the load is to use smaller order quantities than those given by traditional lot sizing techniques. This is in practice done with the aid of simple rules of thumb. In this paper we describe a model for determining order quantities when the cost of a varying production load is recognized. The required production capacity is defined by a small given probability for overload during the time period regarded.

ISSN:0020-7543    

DOI:10.1080/00207548008919674

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1980

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

In the paper we argue that no single statement of relative value can be sufficient for the evaluation of work organization change. The paper reviews the literature on organizational effectiveness and recent proposals for a ‘social justice’ approach to evaluation. We conclude that a more refined approach to evaluation is needed, largely for tactical reasons. Proposals for such an approach, based on exchange notions are sketched out and employed in the analysis of a case study of work organization change. The analysis is exploratory but does appear to suggest that the proposed approach to the evaluation of change would present a fruitful avenue for further work.

ISSN:0020-7543    

DOI:10.1080/00207548008919675

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1980

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

For many production processes there are economies of scale with plant investments and certain operating costs. With long-term increases in demand this affects the timing and sizing of capacity expansion projects. This paper is concerned with the development of optimal expansion programmes. It applies dynamic programming models to minimize the present value of capita! costs, operating expenses and capacity shortage losses.

ISSN:0020-7543    

DOI:10.1080/00207548008919676

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1980

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Many industrial and service processes are performed by using lines composed of a number of sequential and parallel work stations. Certain production rates can be attained either by using a single line, or parallel lines with less stations.

ISSN:0020-7543    

DOI:10.1080/00207548008919677

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1980

数据来源: Taylor