摘要:

This paper reports a study which has analysed the attempts of 16 small companies to gain ISO 9000 series registration. A number of factors have been identified that influence a small company's progress towards achieving registration. These factors have been grouped into the domains of motivation, information, resources, and planning, and a model has been developed outlining how their interaction influences, in both a positive and negative manner, the progress towards registration. It is concluded that effective progress towards registration is only made when all the domains of motivation, information and resources occur.

ISSN:0020-7543    

DOI:10.1080/00207549608905033

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1996

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The paper addresses the flow control problem in two-level assembly production lines composed of a unique assembly machine and multiple upper level machines. In order to obtain a finished product, the assembly machine needs components produced by different upper level machines. We assume that the production capacity of each machine is constant and the demand is known over the whole problem horizon. Backlogging is not allowed. The flow control problem consists of adjusting the production of the machines in order to minimize the total cost incurred by holding components and finished products. Properties of the optima) solutions are given. Based on these properties, we propose a simple analytical solution.

ISSN:0020-7543    

DOI:10.1080/00207549608905034

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1996

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

This paper seeks to advance the current understanding of constraint scheduling in several ways. First, it describes the need for constraint scheduling in DBR systems. It then formally presents the production scheduling problem DBR attempts to solve and relates that formulation to prior research. Finally, it evaluates the quality of solutions produced by the solution algorithm incorporated by the Goldratt Institute (and now maintained by the TOC Center's Goal Systems Group) in their production software on a set of benchmark problems involving multiple constraints. The results show that generally good results can be obtained as long as the constraints are scheduled in the best sequence.

ISSN:0020-7543    

DOI:10.1080/00207549608905035

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1996

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

When the levels of investment and performance of manufacturing industry are correlated, it is indeterminate whether the investment is driving the performance, the performance is driving the investment, or both. Econometric approaches to the problem of causality identification have been applied to a cross-sectional, longitudinal database from the UK clothing industry, 1979-1987. The Granger methodology shows evidence of bicausality in the relationship when profitability is the performance variable, but not when total factor productivity is employed. The study supports earlier impressions that advanced manufacturing technology did not give adequate returns over this period, although there are indications that the best contribution may have taken three years to materialise.

ISSN:0020-7543    

DOI:10.1080/00207549608905036

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1996

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

This paper develops a method for determining the discrete time points of inspection for a deteriorating system which is under condition-based maintenance. The system is regarded as a single component unit, and it has the following states: a normal state, a symptom state and a failed state. A delay-time model is utilized in order to describe the transition of the states. The transition time from a normal state to a symptom state and the transition time from a symptom state to a failed state are assumed to obey independent and identically distributed probability density functions respectively. Two types of probabilities with respect to inspections are considered: failed-dangerous (FD) probability or type I error that a system is wrongly diagnosed as in a normal state when the system is actually in a symptom state and failed-safe (FS) probability or type II error that a system is wrongly diagnosed as in a symptom state when the system is actually in a normal state. The determination method is formulated to minimize the long-run average cost per unit time with a constraint on inspection time. The nature and sensitivity of the proposed method is investigated under varying FD and FS probabilities and coefficients of variation.

ISSN:0020-7543    

DOI:10.1080/00207549608905037

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1996

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The paper outlines a new approach to CADCAM compatible with the needs and skills of small toolmaking companies. The approach is directed primarily to the production of complex shaped tooling for EDM, and embraces the whole process from 2-D part drawings to machined graphite electrodes. The key is to reject the notion that the CAD surface model should be absolutely correct and to establish a practical balance of tolerances between the design and manufacturing phases. This leads to a new strategy for surface modelling which is virtually automatic and a new method for surface machining based on cross-sectional curves.

ISSN:0020-7543    

DOI:10.1080/00207549608905038

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1996

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

A two stage procedure for economically identifying the cell composition of a cellular manufacturing system is presented. In the first stage an algorithm is presented that is capable of identifying orthogonal sets of bottleneck machines and exceptional parts as well as the part families and their respective machine cells. This algorithm requires a part-machine incidence matrix, and it is compared with three other procedures using three published data sets. In the second stage subcontracting and inter-cell transfer costs of exceptional parts as well as duplication costs of bottleneck machines are considered. Integer programs are presented for minimum cost treatment of the exceptional parts and/or bottleneck machines that were identified in the first stage. A numerical example for the second stage is presented.

ISSN:0020-7543    

DOI:10.1080/00207549608905039

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1996

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

An efficient algorithm is presented for solving the correspondence problem for a computer vision system which uses encoded structured light. The structured lighting system is composed of a matrix pattern of primitives projected into the scene. The decoding algorithm determines the index in the matrix pattern of each imaged point. Once the index is found, correspondence is solved by using triangulation. Examples of the algorithm are presented.

ISSN:0020-7543    

DOI:10.1080/00207549608905040

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1996

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

This paper proposes a systematic approach for on-line tool management, including tool wear process monitoring, average tool wear function identification, and optimal tool adjustment/replacement decision making. The proposed method is ideal when some prior information is available regarding the upcoming tool wear process, although the prior information may be inaccurate or the working condition of the upcoming process may change.

ISSN:0020-7543    

DOI:10.1080/00207549608905041

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1996

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Over the last decade a large body of literature has pointed out the crucial role played by manufacturing in the achievement of the overall goals of a company. Some authors have attempted to summarise this role by introducing the concept ofproduction competence: it measures a manufacturer's ability to support and implement a product-market specific business strategy and is calculated on the basis of current manufacturing performances. Such a measure of production competence can be associated with ashort termperspective, as it disregards the future evolution of manufacturing performance. In fact, in many of today's industries, characterised by high turbulence, the current manufacturing performances could not be representative of the future ones and, consequently, of the manufacturing's overall ability to support the company's strategy in thelong term. The purpose of this article is twofold: (1) to propose a new framework of production competence (which we will refer to asmanufacturing competence), based onmanufacturing critical capabilities and infrastructural resources, that considers also the potential of manufacturing for improving the company's performance in the future; and (2) to suggest a consistent measurement framework, derived from thefuzzy ses theory.

ISSN:0020-7543    

DOI:10.1080/00207549608905042

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1996

数据来源: Taylor