摘要:

This paper examines the forecasting function supporting large-scale inventory systems in leading firms. Little research has been conducted on managing the forecasting function when hundreds and, in some cases, tens of thousands of items are managed. Case studies are used to explore how companies noted for having state-of-the-art inventory systems have designed their supporting forecasting function. Inventory characteristics influencing the design of the forecasting function and general forecasting guidelines are provided.

ISSN:0020-7543    

DOI:10.1080/00207549208948134

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1992

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

We extend an intuitive level part usage measure to the multi-level case and provide a practical yet powerful algorithm. The measure assigns an ideal due-date to each unit of each part type of each level and sums the squared deviation between these ideal due-dates and the actual completion times. The algorithm schedules the final products in earliest ideal due-date order. This algorithm entirely ignores the lower levels and is consequently extremely fast. Surprisingly, in addition to being many times faster than other algorithms, this quick and dirty algorithm performs very well with respect to both the new ideal due-date measure and the multi-level goal-chasing measure.

ISSN:0020-7543    

DOI:10.1080/00207549208948135

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1992

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The aim of this paper is to trace the evolution of modular fixturing systems (MFS) and its impacts on high-precision machining industries. The strength of current computer-aided tools for modular fixture design is reviewed together with their weaknesses. Recent trends in the integration of knowledge-based and 3D solid CAD techniques for modular fixture design, pricing and inventory control are described. The functionality, design and knowledge representation techniques of a 3D Modular Fixture Design EXpert, MOFDEX system forms the core of this paper.

ISSN:0020-7543    

DOI:10.1080/00207549208948136

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1992

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Modern management philosophies, such as just in time (JIT), the theory of constraints (TOC) and total quality management (TQM), place a strong emphasis on operations management. These approaches create techniques and procedures for effective flow of materials, but do not provide sufficient tools to consider the economic outcomes of the various alternatives. This paper applies the cost/utilization model to the analysis of production lines and materials flow. The model combines the Pareto approach with the TOC approach. The Pareto approach concentrates on the important and costly elements of the organization. TOC focuses on the organization's constraints. It is presented in a simple graphic display aimed to allow managers to locate better constraint resources, detect faults in the planning of the production line, examine improper fluctuations in the process and pinpoint their sources. The model is a top-management decision-support tool that may be applied in areas such as buffer policy, assessment of protective capacity, investment in production resources and identification and priorization of areas for improvement.

ISSN:0020-7543    

DOI:10.1080/00207549208948137

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1992

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

A paradigm for the time-managed control of material flow in job shop and small-lot environments which are subject to random disruptions is presented. The paradigm is implemented through a model which invokes certain special structures to investigate fundamental operating characteristics, including measures of kitting effectiveness. It is proven that schedules are most economically time-managed by co-ordinating vendor deliveries, rather than by deliberately delaying materials in-process. Fundamental results which permit scheduling and rescheduling are derived, along with certain performance measures necessary to time-managing flow effectively. Numerical tests indicate the accuracy of the model and demonstrate how material flows can be time-managed to minimize costs. The paradigm appears to be better suited than others for managing material flows in job shop and small-lot environments.

ISSN:0020-7543    

DOI:10.1080/00207549208948138

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1992

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Results are reported from an empirical study of classification and coding (CC) system usage among manufacturers. The investigation, selection, justification, implementation and operation of CC systems by six user firms are presented in case study form. A case history of a former CC system user is also presented. User characteristics and experiences are compared and analysed across the seven cases. The paper concludes with managerial and research implications regarding CC system selection, justification, implementation and usage.

ISSN:0020-7543    

DOI:10.1080/00207549208948139

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1992

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The intense global competition to produce quality products at a low cost has led many industrial nations to consider mechanical tolerances as a key factor to bring about cost saving as well as to remain competitive. In the last two decades, some work has been done in the area of tolerance techniques. In this paper a comprehensive summary of the state-of-the-art and the projection of future trends in tolerancing techniques is presented to describe improved techniques available today and to aid in guiding research for the future. This paper reviews the status of theory and practice of how manufacturing and assembly processes are characterized for relating tolerancing to process or production cost. The specification of tolerancing on the dimension of the manufactured part has a significant impact on the final production cost. Tight tolerances can result in excessive process cost, while loose tolerances may lead to increased waste and assembly problems. This paper systematically reviews the state-of-the-art by classifying more than 50 papers written so far into five categories. They are, the dimensional tolerances chain technique, geometrical modelling in tolerances, statistical and probabilistic methods in tolerancing, tolerances based on analysis and synthesis, tolerances based on cost-tolerance algorithms and design methods. Future areas of research and the unresolved issues have been presented that will serve as a springboard for researchers to investigate and produce solutions for the end of this century. The present problems and issues once resolved, will revolutionize the manufacturing industry as the year 2000 approaches!

ISSN:0020-7543    

DOI:10.1080/00207549208948140

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1992

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

A method of planning and designing product sorting systems in warehousing is described. The theoretical background of the analytical models and simulation modelling is given. A calculation of the capacity of elements for joining and dividing for different priorities of material flow is described. New parameters are introduced in the formula for calculating the average number of unit loads in a system for joining, in the direction of the slave flow and for a simple analytical model for joining material flows with two different priorities with an exponential distribution of inter-arrival time. Simulation results are obtained using the GPSS/FON simulation language. Some characteristic results, used in the process of planning and design of two new distribution centres in Belgrade, are shown.

ISSN:0020-7543    

DOI:10.1080/00207549208948141

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1992

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Geometric programming (GP) is suggested as an analytical tool for solving a certain class of replacement problems with an infinite time horizon. The GP solution method is described and explained through the formulation and solution of a typical replacement problem. A numerical example is presented to illustrate how the theories of GP are applied for the analysis of replacement decisions of equipment due to age and wear. We also discuss the aspect of sensitivity analysis based on the GP approach.

ISSN:0020-7543    

DOI:10.1080/00207549208948142

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1992

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Interest in the design and implementation of total quality management (TQM) programmes to enhance productivity and quality has increased greatly in a wide variety of organizations. Although there is general agreement on the need for top management support for quality improvement activities, few mechanisms have existed to assist management in providing inputs into the development of such programmes. In many cases, external consultants have been employed to assist these managers with recommendations for TQM deployment. This paper describes a decision support system with an imbedded expert system to assist the manager, or a managerial team, in both assessing areas to target for improvement and in selecting TQM tools and techniques which are appropriate for the organization. The logic of the expert system as consultant is explained along with particulars of the decision support system.

ISSN:0020-7543    

DOI:10.1080/00207549208948143

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1992

数据来源: Taylor