摘要:

The red blood cell (RBC) content of Na+and K+were measured both on fresh cells from normal, heterozygous β‐thalassaemic and iron‐deficiency‐anaemic subjects, and on the same cells incubated for 24 h, at 37° C, either in presence or in absence of Calcium (Ca2+).Ca2+did not increase membrane permeability to Na+, but increased the K+loss, both from normal cells and to a greater degree much more from hypochromic cells.Glucose largely prevented the K+loss from hypochromic cells incubated either in absence or in presence of Ca2+, probably maintaining an adequate level of ATP during the incubation.EDTA only partially decreased the permeability to K+in hypochromic cells incubated for 24 h at 37° C, possibly removing Ca2+bound to the cell membrane.The results suggest that Ca2+does not represent the primary cause of K+leak in hypochromic cells, but it is able to enhance a pre‐existing peculiar abnormality of the cell membrane when the ATP level

ISSN:0036-553X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0609.1977.tb02088.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Insolubilized antibody to transcobalamin I was used to separate transcobalamin I and transcobalamin II. By bioautography of the extracted cobalamins it was shown that transcobalamin II bound more deoxyadenosylcobalamin than did transcobalamin I, and that methylcobalamin accounts for most of the cobalamins attached to transcobalamin I. This finding may indicate that transcobalamin I has a function in the metabolism of methylcobalamin in man.

ISSN:0036-553X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0609.1977.tb02089.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Blood lymphocytes from 9 patients with Hodgkin's disease (HD) were studied. The results were compared with those of 6 seminoma testis patients and 9 healthy unrelated controls. All patients were in complete and unmaintained remission more than 10 years after termination of radiotherapy. The mean T‐lymphocyte count of HD patients was lower than that of controls and seminoma testis patients. Lymphocyte DNA synthesis induced by pokeweed mitogen and phytohaemagglutinin was normal in both patient groups. Concanavalin A‐induced DNA synthesis was low in 4 patients with HD although the mean stimulation of the group did not differ from controls or seminoma testis patients. Lymphocyte activation by PPD was slightly decreased in the 2 patient groups. No increase in spontaneous lymphocyte DNA synthesis was observed. The responding and stimulatory capacity in mixed lymphocyte culture was decreased in 3 and 2 HD patients respectively. 4 out of the 9 patients with HD but none with seminoma testis displayed severe impairment in T‐lymphocyte functions. As 1 of the 4 had been treated solely by surgery, late effects of irradiation can only partly explain the results. The results may favour a hypothesis postulating a constitutional defect contributing to the immunoincompetence

ISSN:0036-553X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0609.1977.tb02090.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In a number of experiments it was demonstrated that in the E‐rosette assay for human T‐lymphocytes using sheep red blood cells, the ATP‐ase activity of the lymphocytes increased in proportion to the number of rosettes being formed. Also, after increasing the number of rosettes by treatment of the sheep red blood cells (SRBC) with neuraminidase and after diminishing the number of rosettes by treatment of the lymphocytes with antilymphocyte globulin (ALG), change in the ATP‐ase activity was proportional to alterations in the number of rosettes being formed. ALG itself stimulated the lymphocyte ATP‐ase activity, possibly through activation of the same receptor sites as use

ISSN:0036-553X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0609.1977.tb02091.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Bone marrow and/or blood cells from 81 patients with acute leukaemia, including 50 patients with acute myeloid leukaemia, were cultured in vitro using the agar culture method. The cells were cultured either in a single layer assay or with a normal source of colony stimulating factor (CSF) included in the culture. In almost all cases an abnormal growth pattern was seen, ranging between no growth and an excessive number of clusters. Immature granulocytic cells and macrophages were the dominating cell types in clusters and colonies from 14 out of 16 patients with acute myeloid leukaemia.In the patients with acute myeloid leukaemia the remission induction rate was found to be related to the cluster incidence. Thus, 75 % of the patients with a cluster incidence between 0–100 obtained a complete remission (CR), while only 31 % of the patients with a high cluster incidence (>1000 / 2 times 105cells) obtained a remission. Cluster formation in the unstimulated cultures of CSF‐sensitive cells did not seem to be of prognostic value.The correlation between prognosis and in vitro growth in patients with acute myeloid leukaemia stresses the need of obtaining more insight in those factors other than drug sensitivity, which are of importance for the therapeutic respo

ISSN:0036-553X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0609.1977.tb02092.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In 38 patients with myelomatosis the serum cobalamin varied from 34 pmol/l to 404 pmol/l, median 181.5 pmol/l, which is significantly lower than the levels in 22 control persons with range 173–535 pmol/l, median 265 pmol/l. In spite of low serum cobalamin no symptoms of vitamin B12deficiency could be demonstrated in any of the patients, except for the one patient who had a serum cobalamin of 34 pmol/l. Mean values for Hb, MCV, PCV, serum lactate‐dehydrogenase, adjusted red cell folate and nucleated neutrophil count were similar in a group of patients with a serum cobalamin below 160 pmol/l and a group of patients with higher serum cobalamin values. The decrease in serum cobalamin is due in part to a reduction in the major cobalamin binder (TC‐I) in serum. Measuring serum cobalamin in relationship to gastric acid secretion, we found a significantly higher frequency of hypo‐ and achlorhydria in patients with serum cobalamin below 160 pmol/l although the intestinal absorption of vitamin B12was normal by a Schilling test. Although our finding of low saturation of TC‐I in serum seems to demonstrate decreased vitamin B12content in the body in myelomatosis, the lack of evidence for a functional vitamin B12deficiency speaks against giving a supplement to patients with mye

ISSN:0036-553X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0609.1977.tb02093.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Vitamin B12binding proteins were separated into 2 peaks corresponding to small (TCS) and large (TCL) molecular weight fractions by gel‐filtration on Sephadex G‐200 using 0.005M‐sodium phosphate buffer, pH 7.4 containing 1M‐NaCl. Each peak, after dialysis and concentration, was chromatographed on DEAE‐cellulose. 3 peaks of radioactivity were recovered from both TCS and TCL. Peaks from TCS had an apparent mol. wt. of about 40,000 and those from TCL about 110,000, as determined by gel‐filtration on Sephadex G‐200. On electrophoresis, peaks eluted with 0.06M‐phosphate buffer, pH 5.85 from both TCS and TCL moved as β‐globulins; those eluted with 0.1Mbuffer, pH 5.8 between β‐ and α2‐globulin and those eluted with 0.25Mbuffer, pH 5.4 between α1‐ and α2‐globulin. In our assay system, TCS delivered57CoB12to L‐1210 leukaemic lymphoblasts while TCL had no such activity. Of the 6 binders from DEAE‐cellulose, only peaks eluted with 0.06Mand 0.1Mbuffers from TCS delivered labelled B12to these cells. Antisera prepared against TC II B12reacted only with TC II B12from serum, TCS, and fractions D and E obtained from TCS which were eluted with

ISSN:0036-553X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0609.1977.tb02094.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A case of eosinophilic leukaemia of the mature cell type in a 73‐year‐old man is described. Bone marrow chromosomes were studied in direct preparations on 3 occasions. With the G‐ and Q‐banding techniques an extra chromosome number 8 was observed in all metaphases. There was no Ph1‐chromosome. Therapy with vin‐cristine and prednisone produced remissions but the course of the disease was accelerated.Review of the literature and study of the present case suggests that eosinophilic leukaemia like CGL may be divided into a Ph1‐positive and a Ph1‐negative group. In both groups karyotype abnormalities may be present and might herald a

ISSN:0036-553X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0609.1977.tb02095.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A 10‐year‐old haemophiliac with an inhibitor to Factor VIII was treated by repeated infusions of an activated Factor IX concentrate (FEIBA). During therapy the patient was monitored with extensive coagulation studies, and the initial effect of FEIBA on the whole blood coagulation time was seen to disappear in spite of increased doses of concentrate. A fall in Factor IX activity and a rise of antithrombin III and anti‐Factor Xa was recorded, while the titer of anti‐F VIII remained unchanged. The exact nature of this FEIBA‐resistant state was not revealed, however, it was speculated that a rise of natural inhibitors of the coagulation system could explain the

ISSN:0036-553X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0609.1977.tb02096.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The proliferative behaviour of leukaemic blast cells from the peripheral blood of 12 patients suffering from acute leukaemia was investigated in short term liquid culture. In 3 cases of AML an increase of the blast cell number was observed exceeding the initial value whereas in 9 other cases the cell number decreased more or less rapidly. In 9 of these patients the proliferation kinetics of the cultured leukaemic blast cells were studied with3H‐thymidine labelling. In all these cases the labelling index increased during the first days of culture, in 3 cases to values of 48 %, 45 % and 38 % on day 3. Only in 5 cases, however, did an absolute increase of the blast cells incorporating3H‐thymidine occur. Here the doubling times of the proliferating leukaemic blast cells were estimated to be 12, 13, 14, 28 and 55 h. Since a doubling time of 12 to 14 h seems to be too short to be explained only by an exponential growth of the initially proliferating cells it is postulated that leukaemic blast cells in a G0‐ or long G1‐phase were present in the peripheral blood of these patients and that these entered the cell cycle during liquid

ISSN:0036-553X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0609.1977.tb02097.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY