摘要:

We identified bone marrow megakaryocytes by an immunocytochemical technique using a monoclonal antibody (TP80) against platelet glycoprotein IIb‐IIIa (GPIIb‐IIIa). The immunocytochemical technique using TP80, specific to megakaryocytes, enabled us to observe cellular morphology and immunological reaction under light microscopy, and permitted quantitative assessment of megakaryocytes. In normal marrow, TP80 labelled 22 ± 5 megakaryocytes / 104mononuclear cells (mean ± 1 SD, n = 14). In addition to typical large megakaryocytes, small immature megakaryocytes (≤ 20 μm) were recognized in 10–15% of total megakaryocytes. 4 out of 18 patients with acute myeloblastic leukaemia and 9 of 10 patients with myelodysplastic syndrome showed increased numbers of megakaryocytes. In these patients, cell size distribution was abnormal, i.e., most of the megakaryocytes consisted of small, atypical megakaryocytes. None of the patients with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia showed increased megakaryocytes. Immunocytochemical identification of megakaryocytes using a specific antibody is useful to quantitate the megakaryocytes and to detect the proliferation of atypical megakaryocytes in several leukaemic

ISSN:0036-553X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0609.1986.tb02275.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The in vitro production of β2‐microglobulin (β2m) by leukaemic cells was studied in 22 patients with chronic B‐lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL). In addition, the concentration of β2m in serum (S‐β2m) was determined and expressed as percent of the upper normal limit, after a correction for elevated S‐Creatinine values. Patients with progressive disease usually had CLL cells with a high rate of in vitro synthesis and an increased S‐β2m. This was not found in patients with non‐progressive disease. The in vitro synthesis of β2m × the lymphocyte count correlated with S‐β2m in the total material (r = 0.65). The increased S‐β2m frequently observed in CLL may therefore originate from the tumour cells. Hence, S‐β2m is promising as a clinically useful tumour ce

ISSN:0036-553X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0609.1986.tb02276.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

We have reported the existence of a novel form of coagulation factor VII ‐ probably a factor VII‐phospholipid complex ‐ in plasma from pregnant women and men at risk for cardiovascular disease. We report here further observations on the presence and characteristics of this complex. Some apparently healthy individuals who, on testing by standard methods, have normal levels of factor VII activity achieve such levels by means of a phospholipase C‐sensitive modification of (some of) their factor VII molecules. Their residual factor VII activity after phospholipase C treatment of plasma may be as low as 10–20 U/ml. Antiserum to the protein component of thromboplastin (apoprotein III) had no effect on the factor VII activity, whereas antiserum to factor VII effectively blocked both the total factor VII activity and the residual activity of factor VII after treatment of plasma with phospholipase C. These factor VII complexes precipitate with the VLDL/LDL fraction in lipoprotein preci

ISSN:0036-553X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0609.1986.tb02277.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A case of T‐cell chronic lymphocytic leukaemia is described. Intracerebellar tumour was demonstrated by the characteristic feature of contrast‐enhanced computerized tomography and was evidenced by surgical procedure. Histological examination revealed lymphocyte infiltration in the cerebellum. Initially, the majority of leukaemic cells were mature, medium‐sized lymphocytes with surface marker phenotype of E+, OKT3+, OKT4+, OKT6−, OKT8−. In the terminal stage, large atypical lymphocytes which were morphologically distinct from the original lymphocytes and had different surface marker phenotype of E+, OKT3+, OKT4−, OKT6−, OKT8+, Leu7+ became increasingly prominent. The remaining medium‐sized lymphocytes were morphologically and immunologically unchanged. Subsequently, the disease developed to a more aggressive pattern and the patient died in spite

ISSN:0036-553X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0609.1986.tb02278.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A family with a new congenital dysprothrombinemia is presented. The propositus is a 21‐yr‐old man who presented simultaneously with hemartrosis of the left knee and an extensive hematoma following a minor trauma. Prothrombin time and activated partial thromboplastin time were prolonged. Prothrombin activity was very low when measured by biological assay using physiological activators (7% by one‐stage method and 20% by two‐stage method) or a Russel's viper venom‐cephalin mixture (23%), Notechis scutatus scutatus venom (15%) and Echis carinatus venom (17%); in contrast, the level was found to be borderline to normal using Taipan viper venom (64%) and normal by both staphylocoagulase and immunologic methods. Family studies revealed consanguinity between the propositus' mother and father and both presented a 50% reduced prothrombin level when physiological activators or Echis carinatus viper venom were used. A line of identity between normal and abnormal prothrombin was observed on immunodiffusion. The migration of the abnormal prothrombin was less anodic and was not changed by the addition of calcium. The patient's serum showed 3 bands in the bidimensional immunoelectrophoresis system, whereas normal serum showed only 2 bands. The term prothrombin Segovia is proposed to define this new prothrombin ab

ISSN:0036-553X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0609.1986.tb02279.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The kinetics of heat‐damaged homologous red blood cells (HDE) was studied prior to and 7–10 d following blood transfusion in 14 patients with homozygous ß‐thalassemia. On the basis of our results, ß‐thalassemic patients were classified into two distinct groups. In the first group the pretransfusion HDE extraction efficiency of the spleen was significantly lower than that of the second group and it increased dramatically following blood transfusion. On the contrary, the relatively higher pretransfusion HDE extraction efficiency of the patients of the second group showed a significant decrease after blood transfusion. These differences between the two groups of ß‐thalassemics might be attributed to the different qualitative as well as quantitative alterations of the splenic vascular bed occurring in these patients during the course of their disease. Furthermore, there was convincing evidence that part of the HDE mixture was extracted by RES sites outside the spleen, a function which is also affected by blood

ISSN:0036-553X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0609.1986.tb02280.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

27 patients with pernicious anaemia, followed for a long period, were consecutively treated with 3 different vitamin B12preparations while, during intervening periods, no therapy was given until signs of B12deficiency developed. The mean of the vitamin B12‐free period lasted 400 d. Some patients were ‘short‐reactors’ whereas others were ‘long‐reactors’. Some patients repeatedly revealed deficiency signs at cobalamin values>200 pmol/l and others at values<50 pmol/l, pointing to individually different cutoff points for appearance of signs of deficiency. Hypersegmentation was the first sign in about 2/3, neuropathy in 1/3 and mucosal changes in about 1/10 of the patients. The same type of deficiency was repeatedly noted in the same patient. The daily decline of plasma cobalamin values decreased during the vitamin B12‐free period. In perorally treated patients the unsaturated transcobalamin values showed an inverse relationship to the cobalamin values. Marked increases in unsaturated transcobalamin I values were noted in 4 of 16 patients treated with B12injections, resulting in prolonged high cobalamin values and prolongation of the vitamin B

ISSN:0036-553X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0609.1986.tb02281.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The iron chelating ability and potential toxicity of subcutaneous infusions of the calcium and zinc salts of diethylene triamine penta‐acetic acid (DTPA) have been assessed in metabolic balance studies in 2 iron‐loaded thalassaemic patients. Infusions of calcium DTPA were locally well tolerated and the drug was as effective as desferrioxamine in mobilising iron. However, daily infusions in the 1st patient also produced symptomatic zinc depletion which could not be controlled by simultaneous oral zinc supplements. Zinc DTPA proved ineffective as an iron chelator, but zinc balance could be maintained in the 2nd patient by combining intermittent (every 4 d) use of calcium DTPA with oral zinc supplements. Combined studies with desferrioxamine and calcium DTPA showed the drugs to have additive effects, probably as a result of the chelation of iron from different body si

ISSN:0036-553X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0609.1986.tb02282.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Peripheral platelet counts of 5 healthy women and 5 healthy men were studied over 54 to 100 d to assess whether statistically significant fluctuations could be detected. Low amplitude fluctuations were found in 7 of the 10 individuals with mean periods of 28.3 ± 3.4 d, using autocorrelation analysis. To understand the origin of such fluctuations, a simple linear feedback model of thrombocytopoiesis was formulated and quantitatively analyzed. This model, together with literature data on platelet‐turnover in healthy individuals and patients with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP), predicts states in which oscillations are likely to occur and explains these as a result of optimum tuning of the feedback system to respond quickly to disturbances in the platelet pool. Both in healthy individuals and patients with cyclic thrombocytopenia, the typical periods of the fluctuations predicted by the model of about 25 d are in good agreement with the da

ISSN:0036-553X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0609.1986.tb02283.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Bone marrow smears from 401 patients with malignant plasma cell disorders (MPCD) were examined to evaluate the incidence of phagocytosis by plasma cells and to elucidate the pathogenesis of this phenomenon. Phagocytizing plasma cells were observed in 6 patients (1.6%), 1 of whom had plasma cell leukaemia, from a pool of 382 patients with multiple myeloma that included 7 with plasma cell leukaemia, but not in those with other types of MPCD. In 1 of the 6 cases, the plasma cells acquired phagocytizing ability in the terminal stage of the illness. The incidence of phagocytizing plasma cells in multiple myeloma was higher than might have been expected, judging from a small number of previous reports concerning phagocytosis by plasma cells. The incidence of phagocytizing plasma cells in plasma cell leukaemia (1:7) was not stastistically greater than that in non‐leukaemic multiple myeloma (5:375

ISSN:0036-553X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0609.1986.tb02284.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY