摘要:

Markedly increased numbers of CFU‐C are characteristically found in the peripheral blood of patients with chronic granulocytic leukaemia (CGL). The likely sources of these circulating CFU‐C are the spleen and/or bone marrow. Using the double layer agar technique we measured peripheral blood cloning efficiency serially, prior to and after splenectomy in a man with CGL. In addition we measured cloning efficiencies of splenic venous blood, spleen cell suspensions, and marrow cell suspensions on the day of surgery. In order to estimate the proliferative status of CFU‐C, peripheral blood cells as well as spleen and marrow cell suspensions were exposed to cytosine arabino‐side for 60 min prior to culture.Peripheral blood cloning efficiency (155 ± 8 colonies / 2 times 105cells) decreased markedly (10 ± 3) after splenectomy. Cloning efficiency of splenic venous blood (288 ± 34) was twice that of peripheral venous blood. The surviving fraction of splenic CFU‐C after exposure to cytosine arabinoside was 16 % compared to survivals of 67 % and 66 % for marrow and peripheral blood CFU‐C respectively. We conclude that the spleen was primarily responsible for the release of CFU‐C into the peripheral blood and that the splenic microenvironment may have exerted a more marked stimulatory effect on the replicative activity of CFU‐C than did the microenviron

ISSN:0036-553X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0609.1978.tb02447.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The mechanism of inclusion of the cytoplasmic dense bodies into the nucleus of myeloma cells was studied by transmission electron microscopy. The findings in different cells suggest that the inclusion of the electron‐dense bodies is a result of an interaction between the nuclear envelope and the endoplasmic reticulum. The ability of the nuclear membrane to form an extension into the cytoplasm and the connection with the cisternae of endoplasmic reticulum enables the movement of the dense bodies towards the nucleus. The proposed mechanism does not support the concept of a simple invagination of the bodies into the nucleus or that they are produced in the nucleus itsel

ISSN:0036-553X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0609.1978.tb02448.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A panel of 17 eminent haematologists has assessed the performance of 5 Romanowsky stains prepared from pure component dyes, comparing the suitability and acceptability of these stains for the preparation of routine blood and bone‐marrow films. It was found that the results obtained using the stain described by Marshall et al (1975) were comparable to those obtained using a modification of the stain described by Wittekind et al (1976). The performance of the 3 other stains was less acceptable. Variations in stain formulation have been correlated with stain performanc

ISSN:0036-553X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0609.1978.tb02449.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Platelet production rates were studied in hypoxic, red blood cell (RBC) transfused, and normal mice. In addition, platelet depletion was induced in some of the mice by injection of rabbit anti‐mouse platelet serum (RAMPS) to stimulate platelet production. Hypoxia alone caused an increase in haematocrit and platelet count at 1–3 d, followed by a decrease in platelet counts to below normal values at 6–7 d. On the other hand, RBC transfusion caused increased haematocrit and decreased platelet count of mice at 1–4 d, with a return of platelet counts to normal by 5–6 d. Normal mice and mice transfused with RBC responded to platelet depletion with rebound‐thrombocytosis with maximum platelet production 3–5 d later and elevated platelet counts on days 5–6. However, platelet production in platelet‐depleted mice exposed to hypoxia was less marked, and platelet counts did not reach normal levels. The data are consistent with the hypothesis that hypoxia causes thrombocytopenia by stem cell competition between erythroid and megakaryocytic cell lines and/or inhibition of thrombop

ISSN:0036-553X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0609.1978.tb02450.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Transcobalamin I (TCI), a human R‐binder of unknown function, has been purified in the native state by ‘labile ligand affinity chromatography’. By this method protein denaturing agents are avoided, because desorption takes place by dissociation of the insolubilized ligand (cobalamin) simply by a shift in temp.The amino terminal sequence of TCI is identical to those of other R‐binders, and the amino acid composition varies only slightly. A common phylogenetic origin for the R‐binders and intrinsic factor is suggested by the similarity in amino acid composition.Spectral analyses of aquo‐, hydroxo‐, azido‐ and cyanocobalamin, free or attached to TC I suggest that the sixth ligand is donated to the cobalamin from the protein. The observed changes in the spectra are in keeping with the hypothesis that TC I and other R‐binders are enzymes.Turnover studies with iodine‐labelled TC I saturated with cyanocobalamin revealed that it is metabolized with a fractional catabolic rate of 0.15 d‐1, and that the cobalamin is liberated only on degradation of the protein. From these data the amount of cobalamin transported by TC I can be calculated to be approximately 0.1 nmol per day, thus TC I does not play any significant role in the daily t

ISSN:0036-553X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0609.1978.tb02451.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Diphenylhydantoin (phenytoin) when incubated with human marrow interfered with the synthesis of deoxyribosenucleic acid (DNA) by those cells. This interference was dose related but was present at all concentrations, 25 μg/ml to 100 μg/ml. Cells unable to complete DNA synthesis would die in the marrow, lead to ineffective haemopoiesis and an increased folate requiremen

ISSN:0036-553X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0609.1978.tb02452.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Serum ferritin concentrations have been estimated in 30 patients with untreated megaloblastic anaemia, 27 with Addisonian pernicious anaemia. A significant difference was found between the mean serum ferritin level of the 27 pernicious anaemia patients (330 μg/l) and of 22 normal control subjects (164 μg/l) (P0.02). There was an inverse correlation between serum ferritin and Hb concentration in men with pernicious anaemia but not in women. Serum ferritin levels were lower in 10 of 13 patients studied after 24 h of vitamin B12therapy and in all 13 studied at 48 h after therapy. The fall continued during the haematological response to therapy. It seems likely that serum ferritin reflects reticuloendothelial iron and the high levels in untreated megaloblastic anaemia are due to the shift in iron from Hb to reticuloendothelial stores. The wide variation in serum ferritin at any given Hb level presumably reflects variation in iron stores of the individual patien

ISSN:0036-553X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0609.1978.tb02453.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The occurrence of C3b and C3d complement receptors and of Fc and E receptors in normal splenic tissue was studied in cryostat sections incubated with specific marker cells. Thereby the topographic distribution of T and B lymphocytes in the splenic tissue was mapped: TElymphocytes are found especially in the periarteriolar sheaths, B lymphocytes in eccentric zones around the arterioles. The cells in the splenic pulp carry especially Fc, but also C3b receptors, whereas C3d receptors appear to be specific of lymphocytes. The basic lymphocyte traffic behind the mapped distribution of the lymphocyte subpopulations in the spleen was elucidated by lymphocyte kinetic studies using autologous51Cr‐labelled reinfused lymphocytes. These studies were performed partly on normal persons and partly on splenectomized persons without immune defects. The results indicate the presence of an exchangeable pool of T as well as of B lymphocytes in the spleen, the T cell pool being larger and making up in normals about 30 % of the total exchangeable T lymphocyte mass. The matrix for the T lymphocyte pool in the spleen is the periarteriolar sheaths. The difference in structure between the lymph nodes and the lymphoid tissue of the spleen, including differences in the distribution of lymphocyte subpopulations, are explained by the special vascular arrangement in the splee

ISSN:0036-553X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0609.1978.tb02454.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The changes in MCV at various times after renal transplantation were studied in a group of patients with functioning cadaveric renal grafts who had received azathio‐ prine from the time of transplantation and in a constant dose from 2–8 weeks later. A post‐transplantation increase in the MCV was seen in the majority of the cases studied and in these cases the MCV did not reach a maximum value until as long as 11–40 moinths after transplantation. In most cases the MCV then fell although frequently not to within the normal range and in some cases it showed further fluctuations. These data suggest gradual alterations over a period of years in the various cytokinetic changes which serve to maintain a reasonably high output of red cells from the marrow despite the cytotoxic effects of azath

ISSN:0036-553X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0609.1978.tb02455.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Stroma from normal, AET‐treated and PNH red cells and their KCl‐extracts (partially purified on Sephadex G‐200) are able to trigger the activation of the alternative complement pathway. This fact has been demonstrated by:1— the lysis of PNH cells incubated in serum treated with stroma from normal or PNH‐RBC or with their extracts; the addition of Mg2+or Ca2+or of their chela‐tors (EDTA, EGTA) to the extract‐treated serum enhances or abolishes the lysis2— the reduction of complement activity in fresh serum incubated for 60' with PNH‐ extract3— the appearance of C3breakdown products in serum incubated with PNH‐extract, demonstrated by crossed immunoelectrophoresis.In contrast, the same stroma (or extract) inhibits the sucrose lysis test, in which the lysis takes place through the classical complement pathway. No differences on the complement activation were observed between PNH and normal RBC stroma and between their chromatographic extracts.These findings may suggest the possible role of diurnal variation of Mg2+and Ca2+concentration in precipitating haemolytic attacks and the possibility that small amount of circulating red cell stroma might maintain the

ISSN:0036-553X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0609.1978.tb02456.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY