摘要:

This article traces the emergence of supported employment as a result of philosophical changes in expectations for persons with disabilities, based on scientific developments that challenged traditional service‐delivery models. Supported employment program characteristics also are reviewed, and the influence of applied behavior analysis is outlined. Finally, areas for future research in supported employment are discusse

ISSN:0021-8855    

DOI:10.1901/jaba.1989.22-351

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Two individuals with severe mental retardation, employed by a janitorial supply company, were taught to use self‐instruction in combination with multiple exemplar training to solve work‐related problems. Use of the combined strategy resulted in generalization of the effects of independent variables, as well as generalization to nontrained problems. Use of the strategy is discussed in terms of promoting independent performance among supported employ

ISSN:0021-8855    

DOI:10.1901/jaba.1989.22-365

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The present study examined two approaches to teaching social behaviors to 3 developmentally disabled youths in work contexts. In one approach, a problem‐solving procedure was learned and transferred to different materials. Conversational probes monitored interactions between disabled employees and their co‐workers and customers. A multiple baseline design demonstrated that the training produced generalization and maintenance of the targeted social behaviors to the work settings. A second approach based on a role‐playing intervention produced no substantial generalization in the work setting. A social validation questionnaire administered to co‐workers supported the efficacy of the problem‐solving training procedure. The efficacy of social problem‐solving training was discussed in terms of sufficient exemplars, common stimuli, and self

ISSN:0021-8855    

DOI:10.1901/jaba.1989.22-373

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In two studies, co‐workers of persons with disabilities were taught to use coincidental training procedures while completing their own jobs. In Study 1, the effects of coincidental training on the salad‐making skills of 3 trainees with mild and moderate mental retardation were evaluated. Coincidental training by co‐workers resulted in improved accuracy of the salad‐making skills of the trainees. In Study 2, trainees were also coincidentally taught to make quality‐control checks of their salads. An alternating treatments and multiple baseline design indicated that the trainees more readily acquired the skills when taught to check the correctness of t

ISSN:0021-8855    

DOI:10.1901/jaba.1989.22-381

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This paper reports the job placement of 5 males with severe traumatic brain injury. An individual placement model of supported employment was used. All individuals were placed in competitive employment and received staggered intervention over time by trained employment specialists. A multiple baseline design across persons was used to evaluate results. All individuals had been unable to work consistently or at all in competitive work environments. The range of wages was $4.25 to $5.00 per hour with an average of 339 hours of employment specialist intervention time required per case. The major problems experienced by employment specialists were insubordinate and disruptive behaviors as well as other inappropriate social behaviors displayed at the job site.

ISSN:0021-8855    

DOI:10.1901/jaba.1989.22-395

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Although recent federal legislation has led to a proliferation of supported employment programs throughout the country, little information is available that documents the success of these programs. In the present study, we examined the effect of different consumer characteristics and alternative supported employment service delivery models on key employment outcomes including hourly wage, hours worked per week, increase in earnings after supported employment participation, and level of integration on the job. The employment outcomes of a sample of 1,550 individuals receiving supported employment services through 96 local programs in eight states were analyzed to determine the effects of the key independent variables of primary disability and type of employment model. Results indicate that all groups of individuals, regardless of their primary disability, benefited significantly from supported employment participation. Further, data indicate that the individual placement model generated employment outcomes superior to those resulting from group employment options, particularly work crews. Implications of the results for future program development activities are discussed.

ISSN:0021-8855    

DOI:10.1901/jaba.1989.22-407

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This study examined the relation between the procedural components of supported employment programs and employment outcomes for 120 individuals with disabilities. These individuals were involved in supported employment programs established through the Utah Supported Employment Project. The results suggest that successful implementation of supported employment services led to ongoing employment of study participants in community work sites, increased wages, and ongoing opportunities for workers to interact with nondisabled peers. In addition, several procedural components were found to be strongly associated with successful employment outcomes for workers. Results of the study are discussed in terms of the training needs of supported employment program staff and future research for the dissemination of a cohesive technology of supported employment.

ISSN:0021-8855    

DOI:10.1901/jaba.1989.22-417

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In this two‐experiment investigation, the long‐term (at least 6 months) employment of 51 moderately mentally retarded clients who were placed into 64 supported employment positions was first evaluated relative to 10 training and posttraining components that comprised a supported employment training package. In Experiment 1, chi‐square analyses were used to identify three components that differentiated successful (employed for at least 6 months) from unsuccessful clients. In Experiment 2, 4 successful clients were further evaluated in a nonconcurrent multiple baseline design to determine whether the three variables identified during the group analysis (client advocate, collateral behavior, and follow‐up plan) were included in the training packages. These results are discussed in terms of the need to establish better the functional variables of supported employment training p

ISSN:0021-8855    

DOI:10.1901/jaba.1989.22-429

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This investigation presents a cost‐benefit analysis completed for one of 27 states implementing supported employment as a result of federal funding. Based upon the benefits and costs detailed, society realized a $0.75 return for every $1.00 invested in supported employment in Illinois. Supported employees realized a 37% increase in their earnings over a comparable period. The results of this study are discussed and recommendations are made for similar analyses across state

ISSN:0021-8855    

DOI:10.1901/jaba.1989.22-441

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0021-8855    

DOI:10.1901/jaba.1989.22-449

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY