摘要:

It may be economically advantageous to both consumer and producer to enter into an incentive type contract in which the price paid for a product depends upon the outcome of an acceptance test. If no test is performed, a product of some minimum quality is produced and the consumer suffers a considerable penalty. The outcome of the test will reflect, to some degree, the quality of the product. If the consumer agrees to pay a premium dependent upon the outcome, the producer will be motivated to invest money in improving his product and both parties may expect to profit from the arrangement.

ISSN:0162-1459    

DOI:10.1080/01621459.1964.10480708

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1964

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

It is sometimes important to test the hypothesis that a given set ofNunit vectors, representing the directions of a physical quantity, comes from a population of vectors which are randomly oriented in two or three dimensions, as opposed to a population in which the vectors are clustered to some degree. For three dimensions, Watson has proposed the length of the sample resultant as a suitable statistic, and given the appropriate tests. An improved table is given for the application of Watson's tests. The power of the test against a specific alternative distribution, used in geophysical problems, is used to give a table of sample sizes necessary to detect a degree of clustering.

ISSN:0162-1459    

DOI:10.1080/01621459.1964.10480709

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1964

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0162-1459    

DOI:10.1080/01621459.1964.10480710

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1964

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

This paper develops a method for obtaining confidence bands in polynomial regression when the observations are independently distributed with constant but unknown variance. The bands may be obtained, in principle, over arbitrary sets of the independent variable with exact preassigned confidence coefficients. In general, difficult distribution problems result when specific applications are attempted. The major portion of this paper is concerned with first degree polynomials since some progress has been made here. A table is provided to obtain a constant width confidence band which contains the true but unknown straight regression line for values of the independent variable in some arbitrarily selected interval with an exact preassigned confidence coefficient. The present method is compared with the classical hyperbolic band for the whole regression line.

ISSN:0162-1459    

DOI:10.1080/01621459.1964.10480711

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1964

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Lett* denote an unknown abscissa of intersection of two true regression functions μ1(t) and μ2(t). Under normality assumptions with no restraints ont* the maximum likelihood estimator oft* is shown to be the corresponding intersection of the sample regressions. When this estimate exists confidence intervalsJcan usually be obtained fort* by an application of the Studentt-distribution. Whent* is restrained to some known intervalI, the ML estimate may or may not fall inI. A restrained ML estimate proposed is the limiting point of ∩I ∩Jas the length ofI ∩ Japproaches zero. Confidence limits are obtained for the restrained estimate. Many practical difficulties are discussed.

ISSN:0162-1459    

DOI:10.1080/01621459.1964.10480712

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1964

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

When observations in a random sample ofnare classified intokcategories withnifalling into a given class, the usual estimate of the corresponding probability isni/n. When a priori information about the distribution of the probabilities is available, more precise estimates can be derived from data in any one sample ofn. When the a priori distribution is not specified completely, but its general form can be inferred, the parameters of that distribution can be estimated from the average of theni/nand their estimated sampling variances. The computations are analogous to those that arise in regression theory with the bivariate normal frequency distribution whenY=X+eand the expected value ofXfor a givenYis estimated from the regression ofXonY. The parameters of the distribution ofXhave to be estimated from the observed distribution ofYand the sampling errors in the individual values of those observations.

ISSN:0162-1459    

DOI:10.1080/01621459.1964.10480713

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1964

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Prais and Aitchison have shown that the common practice of grouping the individual observations in Engel curve analysis does not introduce a bias in the estimate of the regression coefficient, and that the classification of the individual households by income minimizes the increase in the variance of the estimate. The present paper provides an approximate numerical evaluation of the effects of such efficient grouping under the usual conditions of budget survey analysis. It is shown that in this case (i) the regression estimates based on individual observations and on weighted income class means are highly correlated; (ii) the variance of the estimates increases by a few per cent at most; and (iii) the correlation coefficient is vastly overstated by the grouped data.

ISSN:0162-1459    

DOI:10.1080/01621459.1964.10480714

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1964

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Based on a nationwide labour force survey the gain in precision arising from systematic pps (probability proportionate to size) sampling of the primary sampling units as compared to with-replacement pps sampling is obtained. The performance of a particular convenient but biased estimator of sampling variance is also studied.

ISSN:0162-1459    

DOI:10.1080/01621459.1964.10480715

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1964

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

With a view to increasing the international comparability of interindustry analysis, this paper analyzes the conceptual problems and forms of presentation of the table in the context of the present system of U. N. national accounts and its industrial classification. It proposes the “technical unit” as a basis for sectoral classification and suggests the presentation of both purchasers' and producers' price tables supplemented by several converting submatrices and commodity (or physical) balances.

ISSN:0162-1459    

DOI:10.1080/01621459.1964.10480716

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1964

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Economic Trends in the Soviet Union.Abram Bergson and Simon Kuznets, Editors. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press, 1963. Pp. xiv, 392. $9.75. Reviewed by Phyllis Deane

ISSN:0162-1459    

DOI:10.1080/01621459.1964.10480717

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1964

数据来源: Taylor