摘要:

A multiplicative model is proposed for analyzing multifactor experiments which are conducted to study the effect of changes in the levels of the factors on the variance of a chance variable. The model is a direct analogue of the additive model for means. Univariate and multivariate applications to factorial experiments, experimental designs, and multiplicative response surfaces for variances are discussed.

ISSN:0162-1459    

DOI:10.1080/01621459.1960.10482060

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1960

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

It is proved that an odd location statistic and an even location-free statistic are uncorrelated when sampling from a symmetric distribution. It is of interest to note the relative simplicity of the proof of this theorem, which is a generalization of two special results of Ostle and Steck.

ISSN:0162-1459    

DOI:10.1080/01621459.1960.10482061

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1960

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

In the prediction of future household formation, it proves useful to separate movements caused by population changes from those caused by shifts in the occurrence rates of households among a given population. The varying rates of occurrence reflect the differential impacts of economic vairables and social change. This study indicates that until better data are available, forecasts of households will have to rely primarily upon judgment. This can be gained from an analysis of past data plus information carried over from related series which have more frequent observations. No single statistical function can be found to express the manner in which the Census estimates of households have moved. This apparent lack of correlation reflects the need to average several years' data to obtain accuracy. It also stems from relatively few past observations, and the likelihood that significant structural shifts have occurred and have altered past economic relationships.

ISSN:0162-1459    

DOI:10.1080/01621459.1960.10482062

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1960

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Whether trade of the industrial countries with the non-industrial countries declines in an industrializing world has always been a controversial question. The present paper examines this controversy with reference to events in the postwar period. The validity of the findings is tested under alternative classifications of an industrial area and in terms of current value and deflated value figures. Recent changes in the commodity composition of exports of both areas are then noted. The main finding is that the progressing industrialization in the postwar years did not unfavorably affect the volume of exports of the industrial area, although it did change, to some extent, the direction and composition of the international commodity flows. However, certain conditions in the postwar period do not allow us to assume that we can resolve the controversy in question.

ISSN:0162-1459    

DOI:10.1080/01621459.1960.10482063

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1960

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The exponentially weighted average can be interpreted as the expected value of a time series made up of two kinds of random components: one lasting a single time period (transitory) and the other lasting through all subsequent periods (permanent). Such a time series may, therefore, be regarded as a random walk with “noise” superimposed. It is also shown that, for this series, the best forecast for the time period immediately ahead is the best forecast foranyfuture time period, because both give estimates of the permanent component. The estimate of the permanent component is imperfect, and so the estimate of a regression coefficient is inconsistent in a relation involving the permanent (e.g. consumption as a function of permanent income). Its bias is small, however.

ISSN:0162-1459    

DOI:10.1080/01621459.1960.10482064

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1960

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

When the control variable contains errors of measurement, the usual analysis of covariance fails to adjust adequately for initial differences between groups. A large-sample significance test is presented here for the case where the fallible control variable has been measured in duplicate.

ISSN:0162-1459    

DOI:10.1080/01621459.1960.10482065

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1960

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Exact values of the variances of the medians of small samples from a Cauchy distribution are given. They are compared with the values obtained by using the formula for asymptotic variance.

ISSN:0162-1459    

DOI:10.1080/01621459.1960.10482066

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1960

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Several approaches are explored for testing the hypothesis that no switch has occurred in the true values of the parameters of a linear regression system. The distribution of the relevant likelihood ratio λ is analyzed on the basis of the empirical distribution resulting from some sampling experiments. The hypothesis that −2 log λ has the χ2distribution with the appropriate degrees of freedom is rejected and an empirical table of percentage points is obtained. Finally some small sample tests are suggested.

ISSN:0162-1459    

DOI:10.1080/01621459.1960.10482067

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1960

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

A computationally convenient way to find average tau is pointed out, and the possibility is raised of simple chi-square tests of significance for average τ as well as Kendall's coefficient of agreementu. A method for obtaining the rank order of “best fit” to a group of rankings in terms of average tau is also discussed. Finally, an “analysis of agreement” is proposed based upon a partition of average tau into agreement within and between experimental groups.

ISSN:0162-1459    

DOI:10.1080/01621459.1960.10482068

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1960

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

This paper is concerned with maximum likelihood estimation of the Poisson parameter λ when the zero class has been truncated and when errors of observation have resulted in eliminating some though not necessarily all of the one class. Estimators are derived both for λ and the proportion θ of ones eliminated as a consequence of faulty observation. A table and a graph of the estimation function involved are given. Asymptotic variances and covariances of the estimators are derived, and a table of the variance function applicable in calculatingV(λ) is given. An illustrative example is included.

ISSN:0162-1459    

DOI:10.1080/01621459.1960.10482069

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1960

数据来源: Taylor