摘要:

The randomized response technique of reducing respondent bias in obtaining answers to sensitive questions is extended from the situation where response is categorical to that in which the response is quantitative. Results are reported on the application of the method to estimating mean number of abortions in an urban population of women, and mean income of heads of households. The efficiency of estimators based on the method of moments in the randomized response procedure is studied and representative results are reported and discussed.

ISSN:0162-1459    

DOI:10.1080/01621459.1971.10482248

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1971

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

This article analyzes an HEW report on smoking and morbidity based on a study suffering from two major flaws. First, the data actually presented in the report may not warrant the conclusion that cigarette smoking leads to increases in disease and disabilities (female smokers, by and large, report fewer diseases than do female non-smokers, and moderate smokers, comprising over 72% of the smoking population for males and over 88% for females, report the fewest number of diseases and have the lowest prevalence rates for both men and women), second, inadequate attention has been paid to the potential influence of various aspects of the survey method on these findings. There appears to be several obvious sources of error for which adjustments were not made.

ISSN:0162-1459    

DOI:10.1080/01621459.1971.10482249

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1971

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

This study attempts to discriminate between two of the main alternative explanations of consumption behavior, the normal income hypothesis and the current income hypothesis, with data from a survey of Chilean households. The results support the normal income hypothesis but reject the secondary hypothesis that the normal income elasticity of consumption is unity. A review of other results using comparable testing procedures and data is provided.

ISSN:0162-1459    

DOI:10.1080/01621459.1971.10482250

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1971

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

When considering a nonhomogeneous Markov chain one often desires an intermediate hypothesis between constancy and free variation of transition probabilities. It is shown that some interesting and easily tested hypotheses can be formulated by considering the diagonal elements of the transition matrices independently of the off-diagonal elements. After deriving the maximum likelihood estimates, a reanalysis of panel data on voting intentions Is presented, In which the nonhomogeneity is seen to be entirely due to variation in the retention probabilities piit.

ISSN:0162-1459    

DOI:10.1080/01621459.1971.10482251

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1971

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

An important aspect of many Markovian analyses is the steady-state solution. This can give insight into the dynamics or momentum existing in a system. However, when we obtain Markov transition matrices by aggregating across non-homogeneous (with respect to transition probabilities) individuals, this matrix may not bear any resemblance to the transition matrices possessed by the individuals. This article investigates the effect of this heterogeneity on the calculated steady-state solution obtained from the aggregate transition matrix. We find that under various conditions this calculated steady-state solution is quite close to the true steady-state solution. These results have important implications for Markovian forecasting methods.

ISSN:0162-1459    

DOI:10.1080/01621459.1971.10482252

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1971

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

A change in the birth rate or the death rate at a particular age of women affects the overall increase of a population, its age distribution, and other features; the article finds simple formulas for the amount of effect. It implicitly compares two populations in which fertility and mortality remain constant for a long period of time, the two differing only in respect to the birth or death rate at one age. The appendix table displays all results.

ISSN:0162-1459    

DOI:10.1080/01621459.1971.10482253

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1971

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

An estimator for the characteristic exponent parameter of distributions of the symmetric, stable class has been developed by Fama and Roll [2]. This estimator was applied to empirical distributions of stock price changes. A suggestive test utilizing the properties of the characteristic exponent was performed on these distributions, and the result was that stock prices do not appear to be distributed as a simple mixture of normal distributions.

ISSN:0162-1459    

DOI:10.1080/01621459.1971.10482254

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1971

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Various accident frequency models have appeared in the literature which predict the distribution of future accidents based on the number of past accidents. This article presents a method for deriving such distributions using several predictive criteria. It is assumed that an individual's accident experience is a Poisson process with the parameter a linear function of criterion variables. An iterative weighted least-squares procedure is used to solve the system of maximum likelihood equations required for estimating this parameter and a large sample test procedure is illustrated. The tenability of the model is viewed in the light of actual data.

ISSN:0162-1459    

DOI:10.1080/01621459.1971.10482255

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1971

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0162-1459    

DOI:10.1080/01621459.1971.10482256

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1971

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0162-1459    

DOI:10.1080/01621459.1971.10482257

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1971

数据来源: Taylor