ISSN:0162-1459    

DOI:10.1080/01621459.1959.10501495

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1959

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

This is a description of the contents and evaluation ofMathematics for Economistsby Aron Boyarski, several contributions to theFestschriftin honor of Stanislav Strumilin,Statistical Methods for the Study of the Economyby Timon Ryabushkin, andProbability and Informationby Akiva and Isaak Yaglora, with some additional references to Soviet and non-Soviet technical literature.

ISSN:0162-1459    

DOI:10.1080/01621459.1959.10501496

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1959

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

There is some evidence that in fields where statistical tests of significance are commonly used, research which yields nonsignificant results is not published. Such research being unknown to other investigators may be repeated independently until eventually by chance a significant result occurs—an “error of the first kind”—and is published. Significant results published in these fields are seldom verified by independent replication. The possibility thus arises that the literature of such a field consists in substantial part of false conclusions resulting from errors of the first kind in statistical tests of significance.

ISSN:0162-1459    

DOI:10.1080/01621459.1959.10501497

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1959

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

A survey conducted by mail was made to obtain information on inhalation in relation to type and amount of smoking. The proportion of men who said that they inhaled: (1) increased with amount of smoking and decreased with age, (2) was very much higher for cigarette smokers than for cigar and pipe smokers, and (3) was much higher for men who smoked only cigarettes than for men who smoked both cigarettes and cigars. The proportion of men who said that they inhale differed very little between those smoking filter tip cigarettes and those smoking non-filter tip cigarettes.

ISSN:0162-1459    

DOI:10.1080/01621459.1959.10501498

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1959

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Parts I and II of this paper evaluate “panel mortality” by studying the demographic structure and original interest in the subject matter of the study, at the time of the first and for each of the four subsequent interviews. Because of cancelling variations, the demographic structure of the panel after five rounds of interviewing remained very similar to that of the original panel. There was some tendency, however, for a disproportionate number of renters, low income people, and people not interested in the subject matter of the study to drop out after repeated interviews. The third part of this paper evaluates “repeated interview effects” by comparing the answers of panel members to the answers of members of a new probability sample of the urban, non-institutional population of the United States, who were interviewed at the same time on the same questions. Once the effects of differing income distribution in these groups were eliminated, there was little indication that the attitudes of a panel after four rounds of interviewing differed from those of a random sample.

ISSN:0162-1459    

DOI:10.1080/01621459.1959.10501499

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1959

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Evidence from earlier surveys and from a pretest conducted in Charlotte, North Carolina, was used in making certain decisions about the conduct of the interview for the National Health Survey.

ISSN:0162-1459    

DOI:10.1080/01621459.1959.10501500

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1959

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

When estimating the mean value of a quantityx, in a population to be divided intoLstrata according to the value of a quantity closely correlated withx, it is necessary to choose theL— 1 points of stratification. Nearly optimum points are obtained if they are chosen to equalize the integrals over the various strata of the square root of the population density. A simple method for the iterative improvement of the points is given and illustrated on several examples.

ISSN:0162-1459    

DOI:10.1080/01621459.1959.10501501

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1959

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

When a sample is selected from a finite population by employing random numbers, certain numbers may have to be discarded as not being usable. In the first place, some of the random numbers may not correspond to serial numbers in the population. In the second place, some random numbers may be duplicates of others. The number of usable random numbers remaining is a random variable with a probability distribution. Exact formulas for this distribution, and for the factorial moments of the difference between the number remaining and the population size, are derived and discussed. Approximations to the cumulative probability distribution are also suggested, and investigated for special cases. These approximations are of some importance in minimizing costs where high-speed computers are used in selecting or generating random numbers, and the initial selection of too many or too few numbers causes trouble and expense. The number of usable random numbers corresponds to the number of occupied cells for some subclass of an entire class of cells among which balls or other objects are randomly distributed. For the special case where all random numbers in a set correspond to serial numbers in a sampled population, the problem of predicting the number of usable random numbers is statistically equivalent to the classical occupancy problem. The problem discussed here is not to be confused with the closely related problem of predicting how many successive random numbers must be selected before the number of usable random numbers agrees with some previously specified number.

ISSN:0162-1459    

DOI:10.1080/01621459.1959.10501502

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1959

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Our earlier discussion of measures of association for cross classifications [66] is extended in two ways. First, a number of supplementary remarks to [66] are made, including the presentation of some new measures. Second, historical and bibliographical material beyond that in [66] is critically surveyed; this includes discussion of early work in America by Doolittle and Peirce, early work in Europe by Körösy, Benini, Lipps, Deuchler and Gini, more recent work based on Shannon-Wiener information, association measures based on latent structure, and relevant material in the literatures of meteorology, ecology, sociology, and anthropology. New expressions are given for some of the earlier measures of association.

ISSN:0162-1459    

DOI:10.1080/01621459.1959.10501503

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1959

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

A compact table of critical values for tests of the symmetric binomial cumulative distribution is presented. It covers twelve probability levels (.001, .01, .02, .05, .10, .20, .30, .50, .70, .80, .90, and .95) for sample sizes to 1,000. Approximation methods of making such tests are also described, and notes on the theory and construction of the table are appended.

ISSN:0162-1459    

DOI:10.1080/01621459.1959.10501504

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1959

数据来源: Taylor