ISSN:1395-3907    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0420.1996.tb00700.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTPosterior uveal melanoma is the most common primary intraocular malignant tumour and in Sweden some 70–80 new cases present each year. While uveal melanoma is more prevalent in the setting of ocular melanocytosis and neurofibromatosis, there is little conclusive data on the aetiology. Most patients experience a progressive visual field defect and present with a grey or greyish‐brown mass of the posterior choroid. Diagnostic procedures include fluorescein angiography, ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging. In some cases, intraocular biopsy may be required to make a correct diagnosis. Posterior uveal melanomas can usuallly be managed by any of a number of eye‐preserving options like plaque radiotherapy and charged particle irradiation, but eyes containing large tumours are often enucleated. Nearly half of patients with posterior uveal melanoma, and in particular those with large tumours, ultimately succumb to metastatic disease. While most patients with tumour dissemination are treated with systemic chemotherapy possibly combined with interferon, metastatic spread confined to the liver may potentially be managed by intraarterial perfusion chemotherapy or liver resection. However, outcome of patients with systemic disease remains extremely poor with a median survival following detectable tumour dissemination of only two to five months. There are still insufficient data on the impact of various treatments on survival, but a large prospective trial addressing this issue is in progress. The present review summarizes the state‐of‐the‐art knowledge and current management of posterior uveal melanoma from a Swedish

ISSN:1395-3907    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0420.1996.tb00701.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTTwo patients who had been given ruthenium plaque treatment for uveal melanoma were MR examined due to suspected recurrence. Spin‐echo sequences were applied using a 1.5 T equipment. The examinations were performed in both patients two times with a 2‐h interval. Immediately after the first examination the patients were perorally given 20 g glucose and 10 g fructose. An increase of signal intensity (prolongation of the relaxation times) and size of the uveal lesions could be visualized by a subtraction technique in both patients after the carbohydrate loading. In agreement with our previous studies of malignant melanoma the changed metabolism in the uveal lesions indicated recurrence of the tumour. One eye was available for histological examination. The morphological difference between areas of recurring and degenerating tumour was clearly seen. Similar changes were not observed by ultraso

ISSN:1395-3907    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0420.1996.tb00702.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTThe clinicopathological characteristics of 343 naevi of the conjunctiva were studied. A significant increase in the number of naevi excised per annum was observed. This may have been caused by an increased exposure to actinic rays. Approximately even distribution in the three main locations: caruncle, limbal area and eyeball, was found. Intrastromal naevi were excised at a higher median age than compound naevi, and the lowest observed median age at excision was for junction naevi, which is in accordance with the known histopathological nature of naevi. Recurrence occurred in nine patients (2.7%), and one transformed to a malignant melanoma. Eight of the recurring naevi were located in the limbal area. Eight of the nine patients were women, suggesting hormonal factors as a possible cause. Recommendations for the handling of conjunctival naevi are given, based on the present findings and on previous reports.

ISSN:1395-3907    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0420.1996.tb00703.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTFamilial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) is a genetically transmitted disease affecting the colon. It is characterized by the presence of several (at least 100) adenomatous polyps, each able to develop into carcinomas, and by other extra‐colonic signs such as skin and bone lesions. Within the framework of research studies to identify phenotyphic markers for early detection of subjects at risk within a family affected by FAP, attention has recently been paid to congenital hypertrophy of the retinal pigment ephitelium (CHRPE). With the aim of evaluating the relationship between FAP and CHRPE, 36 members of 7 FAP families were examined. We found that 43.75% of the subjects presenting CHRPE areas were also affected by FAP, whereas 58.33% of patients affected by FAP had CHRPE. Our findings indicated a lower incidence of CHRPE in FAP patients, compared to other studies reported so far. Moreover, in a control group of 160 healthy individuals we found a CHRPE prevalence of 5.5

ISSN:1395-3907    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0420.1996.tb00704.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTThe contribution of the ciliary body to the origin of vitreous proteins was investigated in rabbits by incubating explants of this eye component under novel conditions. At the end of incubations for up to 21 h, the tissues were processed histologically and were shown to be in an excellent state of morphological preservation. When radioactive amino acids and fucose were added to the culture medium, protein and glycoprotein synthesis and secretion were detected using sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS‐PAGE) plus fluorography. The origin of these secretory products was traced by autoradiography to the ciliary epithelium. When samples of vitreous bodies ‐ injected intravitreally with the same radioactive precursors ‐ were run beside samples of the tissue culture media, comigration of at least 8 radioactively labelled bands including the one previously identified as transferrin was detected. This indicates that some vitreous proteins may be secreted by the ciliary body and that cultures of explants of ciliary body‐iris are useful tools for studies on vitreous protein se

ISSN:1395-3907    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0420.1996.tb00705.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTPurpose:We developed a method for measuring ophthalmic surfaces based on a Twyman‐Green interferometer.Methods:To demonstrate the accuracy, we measured the anterior surface of four used hard contact lenses and evaluated the interference pattern with phase shift technique. The obtained interferograms were evaluated by an image processing system.Results:The interferometric resolution of the measurement is up to Λ/20 (30 nm) which refers to a dioptric resolution of about ΔD = 10−3m−1for typical anterior radii of curvature. The dioptric maps were calculated from the height distribution. As we used a focus tracking distance measurement setup with an accuracy of 10 microns we could determine the absolute value of the dioptric number to be ΔD ≅ 0.04 m−1. To demonstrate the accuracy we tested contact lenses which were specified to have a spherical anterior surface. Obviously, the topography of contact lenses changes when worn. We measured astigmatic deviations up to 0.6 D in the central zone of the lenses. We briefly discuss the possibilities of this method concerning a topographer for measuring the fine corneal surface structure.Conclusions:The presented Twyman‐Green interferometer with distance measurement and image processing system is a very accurate method for measuring the topographic properties of ophthalmic surfaces. The method may also be useful for studying the distribution of the tear layer on the contact lens, or the corn

ISSN:1395-3907    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0420.1996.tb00706.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTTwo alternative methods for the isolation of functionally intact mitochondria from pig retina were evaluated by means of differential centrifugation. If ATP and bovine serum albumin were present during the isolation procedures mitochondria exhibited ADP sensitive respiration and membrane potentials, comparable to values from other tissues. The mitochondria fraction of both methods differed in purity, being almost free of synaptosomes when a discontinuous Ficoll gradient centrifugation was used.

ISSN:1395-3907    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0420.1996.tb00707.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTTear secretion, tear film stability, and meibomian gland function (plugging, volume, and thickness) were assessed in patients with psoriasis vulgaris (n = 70). As compared to that of the healthy controls (n = 125) mean Schirmer I value of psoriatic patients was found to be in normal ranges, whereas tear film break‐up time was significantly lowered. When evaluating meibomian gland function, psoriatic patients were found to have higher plugging and thickness indices but a normal volume of meibomian gland secretion. These findings suggested an obstructive type of meibomian gland dysfunction in psoriatic patients which might result from increased turnover of the epithelia lining the meibomian gland duc

ISSN:1395-3907    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0420.1996.tb00708.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTThe effect of the inhibitory epidermal pentapeptide (EPP) on regeneration of rat corneal epithelium was studied over a 24‐h period after removal of the central part of the corneal epithelium by means of n‐heptanol and scraping. Both unphosphorylated and phosphorylated EPP inhibited the mitotic rate and the formation of new cells to the same extent. Thus, the mitosis inhibitor that originally was isolated from mouse epidermis, acts even on the ectodermally derived corneal epithelial ce

ISSN:1395-3907    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0420.1996.tb00709.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY