ISSN:1395-3907    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0420.1996.tb00592.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:1395-3907    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0420.1996.tb00593.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.The present study was designed to examine the influence of androgens on the size, morphological appearance, and fluid and protein secretory capacity of the lacrimal gland in a variety of species. For comparison, we also sought to determine whether other hormones might stimulate the growth and secretory ability of this tissue. Lacrimal glands and tears were obtained from intact, surgically‐operated and/or hormone‐treated rats, mice, guinea pigs and rabbits and the processed for histological and/or image analysis techniques. Our results demonstrated that: 1) androgens modulate the ultrastructural features of rat lacrimal tissue; 2) androgens may influence the weight, morphological aspects, and secretion of the lacrimal gland, however, these effects are not uniform in mice, rats, guinea pigs and rabbits, but instead are dependent upon the species and/or the animal's endocrine status; and 3) treatment with testosterone, prolactin, growth hormone, α‐melanocyte stimulating hormone, insulin, or thyroxine plus dexamethasone had no impact on the absolute or relative size of the lacrimal gland, or the tear volume, of hypophysectomized male rats. Overall, these findings indicate that androgens may regulate the structure and secretion of the lacrimal gland. However, the nature and extent of this hormone action is species‐dependent and may be modified by alterations in the endocrine env

ISSN:1395-3907    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0420.1996.tb00594.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Results of dry eye tests and ocular symptoms were compared and correlated in patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome (1°SS), in patients with connective tissue disease differing from 1°SS, and in normal controls. Patients with 1°SS had many and pronounced ocular complaints, however, non‐diagnostic for the disease. Break‐up time and Schirmer‐1 test results below 10 mm/5 min both had high sensitivity but low specificity, whereas the reverse was true for Rose‐Bengal score and Schirmer‐1 test below 5 mm/5 min. Presence of snake‐like chromatin in conjunctival imprints and the lactotest on tear fluid did not qualify as alternative tests since they had very low specificity and were less sensitive than the Schirmer‐1 test and break‐up time. Cornea sensitivity was not found to be an appropriate test at all. In 21% of eyes the presence of keratoconjunctivitis sicca changed from one consultation to the next in patients with 1°SS. Examination for keratoconjunctivitis sicca should therefore be repeated in test negative cases where sy

ISSN:1395-3907    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0420.1996.tb00595.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Between February 1992 and March 1994, reconstruction of the fornices in 17 patients with extensive symblephara or lid fusion after most severe eye burns was performed with nasal mucosa from the inferior conchae as graft material. The time between accident and transplantation ranged from 2–64 months. All patients were followed for 6 to 31 months. Reconstruction of the fornices was achieved in 13 patients. Postoperative Schirmer‐tests revealed markedly improved results. Impression cytology showed a persistence of goblet‐cells and an excess of mucus. We have subsequently performed keratoplasties in 5 of these patients and are planning penetrating keratoplasties in a further 8 cases. In 4 patients, partial symblepharon formation recurred within 2–3 months after transplantation of nasal mucosa. The main advantage of nasal mucosa over buccal or labial mucosa may be the transplantation of intraepithelial goblet cells, leading to an improvement and stabilisation of the te

ISSN:1395-3907    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0420.1996.tb00596.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.The viability of human corneal keratocytes was assessed during four weeks of ‘closed system’ organ culture at 31°C. After 28 days of culturing, the entire keratocyte population was still alive and viable because all cells incorporated uridine; a parameter for RNA‐synthesis. During the first 14 days, mitoses were found in the anterior half of the stroma (0.23% mitoses per 48 h), while only few keratocytes were able to divide at day 28 (0.01% mitoses per 48 h). Metabolic parameters revealed a progressing acidosis in the medium with oxygen and glucose depletion. Immunological measurements of keratan sulphate proteoglycan suggested that approximately 1% of the total content was lost during the period. In conclusion, our current organ culture technique can maintain a viable keratocyte population for four weeks; a viable stroma can be grafted within this

ISSN:1395-3907    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0420.1996.tb00597.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.The aethiology and pathogenesis of normal‐tension glaucoma (NTG) is unknown but increasing evidence suggests multiple mechanisms of damage. Six out of 25 NTG patients (24%) had thyroid disease. The mean age of these patients was 66.5 ± 9 years and of those without thyroid disease 60.7 ± 9.6 years. The thyroid group was more hyperopic. The difference in mean intraocular pressure was not significant, but in the thyroid group the mean diurnal IOP variations were significantly smaller. The pattern VEP results indicated a correlation between optic neuropathy and prolonged latency of the P100 component in the group with thyroid disease and a correlation between optic neuropathy and lowered N80‐P100 amplitudes in the group without. For one patient with hypothyroidism the delayed latency in the worse eye was normalized after thyroxine substitution. Due to overlapping the absolute values of P100 and the N80‐P100 peak‐peak amplitudes in pattern VEP cannot be used for differential diagnosis. These findings indicate that thyroid disease either causes optic neuropathy mimicking glaucomatous damage or is a risk factor for

ISSN:1395-3907    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0420.1996.tb00598.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.We report on binocular function and amblyopia in children who had surgery for infantile eosotropia in the first 24 months of life. Fourteen (56%) achieved peripheral fusion and no child obtained high grade stereopsis. Following surgery and treatment for amblyopia 20% remained amblyopic.

ISSN:1395-3907    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0420.1996.tb00599.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Pseudoexfoliation syndrome is an important risk factor in cataract surgery. We examined decentration of posterior chamber intraocular lenses in a series of 24 autopsy eyes with pseudoexfoliation syndrome that had undergone cataract surgery and intraocular lens implantation. The results were compared to a control group of 25 normal autopsy eyes that matched the pseudoexfoliation collection for age distribution, implant duration and further anatomical parameters. The mean lens decentration in all pseudoexfoliation eyes (0.75 ± 0.38 mm) was significantly higher than in the control group (0.40 ± 0.29 mm) (p = 0.0008). Analysis of subgroups with symmetrical bag/bag fixated intraocular lenses showed a significantly higher decentration in the pseudoexfoliation group (p = 0.04). The main reason for decentration was a decentration of the entire capsular bag in pseudoexfoliative eyes (p = 0.001), which was related to zonular weakness and damage. The results indicate that in patients with pseudoexfoliation syndrome alternative fixation sites, like sulcus or transscleral fixation, should also be considere

ISSN:1395-3907    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0420.1996.tb00600.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Reliable and valid quantification of functional status of the corneal endothelium is a desirable input to optimize monitoring and intervention strategies in clinical disorders affecting endothelium. We examined the validity and clinical usefulness of an in vivo corneal stress test in an age and sex matched sample of 15 eyes each of normal controls, pseudophakic corneal edema and Fuchs' dystrophy. The test measures Percentage Recovery Per Hour (PRPH) as endothelial function by evaluating the deswelling response of cornea. In pseudophakic corneal edema assessed PRPH is significantly lower than in normal cornea (p<0.01). At optimum critical cut off PRPH of 47.5%, the test has high specificity and sensitivity (93.3%) in pseudophakic corneal edema eyes, which validates the test. When baseline corneal thickness is more than 0.55 mm, PRPH is determined to be below the cut‐off value in 100% of eyes. In eyes where baseline corneal thickness is less than 0.55 mm, PRPH ranges from 26.7% to 76.8%. We conclude that the in vivo corneal stress test quantifies endothelial function reliably and when compared to age specific normal eyes, it helps in identifying and monitoring low endothelial functio

ISSN:1395-3907    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0420.1996.tb00601.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY