摘要:

ABSTRACTBy heating alkali silicates under CO2at high pressures, alkali carbonates are reformed to an extent depending upon temperature, pressure, and chemical affinity. The CO2thus existing homogeneously dissolved in the glass, and other anions and oxygen similarly dissolved and in chemical equilibrium are termed “melt‐residuals” (Schmelzrelikte).Their importance in planing, coloring, decolorizing, machine‐working, vacuum bulb, and electric‐lamp manufacture is

ISSN:0002-7820    

DOI:10.1111/j.1151-2916.1932.tb13916.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1932

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTChanges in the overall length of bars, about 4 by 3/4 by 1/8 inches in dimensions, made of plate glass, Pyrex glass, and various glasses such as constitute bonding agents in vitrified grinding wheels, were studied by means of a Zeiss optimeter that could be read to hundred thousandths of an inch. The bars were measured, then heated for one hour in (a) saturated steam at 150 lb. per sq. in., or (b) air oven at 184°C, and then allowed to cool to room temperature and remeasured. No increases in length of any of the bars were found within the experimental accuracy of the results (about 0.0015%)

ISSN:0002-7820    

DOI:10.1111/j.1151-2916.1932.tb13917.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1932

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTThis paper deals briefly with the stress systems and fracture systems in bottles, or more generally in hollow cylindrical or tubular articles of glass or other brittle materials. The forms that the fractures typically take are described and their causes given.

ISSN:0002-7820    

DOI:10.1111/j.1151-2916.1932.tb13918.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1932

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTAttempts have been made to define the brittle state, or at least to explain it, in terms of physico‐chemical structure. It is generally assumed, however, that the reader knows just what is meant by brittleness, and the definitions dealing with its mechanical aspect are somewhat perfunctory. In this paper, the mechanical properties are briefly described. Brittleness is a property of the fracture system rather than of the material, and is not connected directly with physico‐chemical constitution, since certain crystalline and amorphous materials share it, while other crystalline and amorphous materials do not show

ISSN:0002-7820    

DOI:10.1111/j.1151-2916.1932.tb13919.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1932

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTMethods and manufacturing control benefit of petrographic analyses are described.

ISSN:0002-7820    

DOI:10.1111/j.1151-2916.1932.tb13920.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1932

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTWith the material analyzed in routine a definite relation was noted between the proportion of combined water and silica. The determination of combined water and of iron was all that was necessary to calculate the silica and alumina. The procedure is given and also a curve showing the relation between combined water and silica in the particular material cited. This same short cut chemical analysis is applicable to other days when the curve for the ratio of combined water to silica has been determined for each clay.

ISSN:0002-7820    

DOI:10.1111/j.1151-2916.1932.tb13921.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1932

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTThe porosity and particle spacing was determined for a number of plastic and non‐plastic materials under various conditions of wetness and pressure. This was done by pressing the material in a cylindrical mold and measuring the resultant density of both the freshly‐molded and the dried specimen. The results show that all of the materials at the lower pressures have a critical water content, beyond which the particles re‐orient themselves into a denser packing. This point corresponds to the pores being one‐half filled. The clays are differentiated from the nonplastic materials by their ability to hold a stable water film onto the surface of the particles. The maximum stable thickness of this film occurs at or beyond the point where the pores are filled, and for the clays tested averages about 3 × 10−6Cm. in thickness. This film is so stable as not to be influenced by pressures as high as 800 kilograms per square centimeter. A size analysis of the particles of all the materials was made, and their average sue and diameter computed. All of the materials were found to have some elasticity when the pressure was relieved. These data taken as a whole allow the construction of a comparatively accurate picture of the clay

ISSN:0002-7820    

DOI:10.1111/j.1151-2916.1932.tb13922.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1932

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTA simple vitreous body of the Parian type was made up and the coloring produced by adding varying amounts of cobalt, chromium, iron, uranium, nickel, and copper oxide was determined. The color was measured by the Hardy recording spectrophotometer, and the resulting curves were analyzed for the three attributes of color. The hue, brilliancy, and saturation were all proportional to the logarithm of the coloring oxide. It was found that the color was mainly due to the particles of the practically undissolved oxide, and not to a colored glass. This makes it possible to color a body for use in reflected light, but not for transmitted light. Some excellent magenta red bodies were produced by reducing the copper oxide, but the results could not be consistently reproduced.

ISSN:0002-7820    

DOI:10.1111/j.1151-2916.1932.tb13923.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1932

数据来源: WILEY