摘要:

AbstractThe effect of particle size on the reflectance of thin semitransparent layers, such as enamels, was studied by using mixtures containing opacifying particles of definite sizes in an oil of known index of refraction. The mixtures were applied on a black glass plate, and the reflectance was measured. The coefficient of scatter per unit surface of the particles was calculated and was found to decrease slowly as the particle size decreased. On the other hand, for the range of sizes studied, the reflectance of the semitransparent layer increased rapidly as the particle size decreased.

ISSN:0002-7820    

DOI:10.1111/j.1151-2916.1940.tb14258.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1940

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe reactions taking place during the smelting of a typical superopaque antimony enamel were studied by first determining the thermal effects which occur during the smelting of the raw batch and then by investigating the reactions which produce these effects. By this method, it was found that up to 500°F. the chief reaction was the dehydration of the borax. Between 500° and 800°F., the first liquid developed with the melting of the soda niter. Most of the reactions, however, took place from 800° to 1300°F. Soda niter and sodium silicofluoride were decomposed, and the antimony trioxide was oxidized. Above 1300°F., considerable glass was formed, and the enamel gradually became more un

ISSN:0002-7820    

DOI:10.1111/j.1151-2916.1940.tb14259.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1940

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractUsing X‐ray and microscopic technique, a detailed examination was made of the effect of smelting time and temperature on the crystalline material causing opacity in typical superopaque antimony enamels. It was found that, although the crystalline antimony compound causing opacity in such enamels dissolved very slowly at smelting temperatures, there was a decided increase in the particle size of the opacifier particles as the time of smelting was increased. The presence of calcium was found to be beneficial in producing opacit

ISSN:0002-7820    

DOI:10.1111/j.1151-2916.1940.tb14260.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1940

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe viscosities of a number of soda‐boric oxide‐silica glasses were approximately determined in the temperature range from 900° to 1500 °F. These were obtained by noting the deformation of small glass rods. Three steps were observed in the process of deformation which occurred at definite viscosities, the absolute magnitudes being obtained by correlation with glasses of known prope

ISSN:0002-7820    

DOI:10.1111/j.1151-2916.1940.tb14261.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1940

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAnalytical methods have been developed which shorten the time required for the determination of many of the constituents found in glass. These short methods have been worked into a procedure for the routine chemical analysis of container and sheet glasses.The determination of SiO2, BaO, SO3, R2O3, CaO, MgO, B2O3, Na2O, and K2O percentages on several samples can be made in a single day. Most of the experimental work has been done on Bureau of Standards glass No. 128, but results from several other glasses are included. Particular care has been taken to discover interfering substances and to eliminate errors from this source. The accuracy is comparable with that obtained from the use of umpire methods.

ISSN:0002-7820    

DOI:10.1111/j.1151-2916.1940.tb14262.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1940

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractSamples of three purified illites, one purified montmorillonite, and one natural clay containing montmorillonite, quartz, and limonite were heated at successive temperatures up to 1400°C. X‐ray and optical determinations were made on all samples. The changes that take place in the clay minerals, illite and montmorillonite, when they are heated at various temperatures up to 1400°C. are discus

ISSN:0002-7820    

DOI:10.1111/j.1151-2916.1940.tb14263.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1940

数据来源: WILEY