摘要:

AbstractIn studying the relationships between the chemical and the physical behavior of clay slips, correlations otherwise obscured are brought out if the clay is first carefully purified. Electrodialysis seems to be an effective method of removing interfering adsorbed electrolyte from clay in preparing it for such investigations.Electrodialyzed samples of several whiteware clays in wide use in the ceramic industry were found to behave chemically as weak acids and bases. The amount of Na‐OH necessary to neutralize the “acids” coincided with the smallest amount sufficient to produce the minimum viscosity in suspensions of these clays.ThepHof exchange neutrality of each clay agreed closely with a maximum in itspH‐viscosity curve. At this point, the addition either of HCl or NaOH reduced the viscosity, although not equally. As further amounts of NaOH were added, two effects were recognized. Some clays continued to become more fluid until complete deflocculation, while other clays passed first through a range of concentration in which NaOH caused increasing Viscosity. Changes in viscosity were observed also in suspensions with increasing concentrations of HCl. A theory for these effects is pr

ISSN:0002-7820    

DOI:10.1111/j.1151-2916.1938.tb15759.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1938

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0002-7820    

DOI:10.1111/j.1151-2916.1938.tb15760.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1938

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA study was made of analytical methods of determining exchangeable bases in clays and similar ceramic materials. Total exchange capacity can be determined by electrodialysis or by the teaching‐distillation method. The time required for electrodialysis can be materially reduced by agitation of the clay slip during dialysis. Electrodialysis effects decomposition of bentonite and similar materials unless extremely low current densities are applied. Exchangeable cations of clays and similar materials are replaced slowly by percolation methods, but an agitation leaching‐centrifuging procedure was developed which effects a rapid replacement. In ultimate analyses by leaching methods, correction must be made for soluble sulfates. Aqueous 1Nammonium acetate is a satisfactory leaching solvent for most clay bodies, but for those containing appreciable amounts of calcium carbonate, alcoholic ammonium acetate should be employed. Details of recommended analytical procedures are gi

ISSN:0002-7820    

DOI:10.1111/j.1151-2916.1938.tb15761.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1938

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe sodium carbonate and borax of a sheet‐steel ground‐coat composition were varied to give variable frit solubility. Definite relationships between enamel consistency and Na2O and B2O3content of the mill liquor are shown. The ratio of soluble Na2O to B2O3is of more importance than their total solubil

ISSN:0002-7820    

DOI:10.1111/j.1151-2916.1938.tb15762.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1938

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA comparison of the chemical and physical properties of lithium and the more common alkali metals, sodium and potassium, is presented. The occurrence and chemical analyses of the commercial ores of lithium and the ceramic application of some of the lithium compounds are given.

ISSN:0002-7820    

DOI:10.1111/j.1151-2916.1938.tb15763.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1938

数据来源: WILEY